Chapter 6 By: Kim C, Amy K, Melissa M, Katie G, Alexis G, David W, Spencer M, Russell B, Kelsey C.

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1 Chapter 6 By: Kim C, Amy K, Melissa M, Katie G, Alexis G, David W, Spencer M, Russell B, Kelsey C

2 Saber Vs. Conocer Saber y Conocer both mean “to know” SABER: –Used to talk about knowing facts and information Example: Yo no se donde esta esa ciudad. –Followed by an infinitive means “to know how to do something” Example: Yo se manejar mi coche. Conocer: –Used to talk about being acquainted or familiar with a person, place, or thing. Example: Conozco a mi amiga hace tres anos. –Used in preterite tense, conocer means “to meet someone for the first time” Example: Conoci a Juan el verano pasado.

3 The Future Tenses The future tense is used to tell what will happen or what shall happen The future tense is used to tell what will happen or what shall happen –I will go there next year –I shall buy that next month But the future tense is not used to express willingness to do something. For this use the verb querer. But the future tense is not used to express willingness to do something. For this use the verb querer. –Quieres ir a la playa? –Will you go to the beach? It is also used to express wonder or probability in the present state. It is also used to express wonder or probability in the present state. –Quieren seran ellos. –I wonder who they are.

4 For actions in the near future, the present tense is more commonly used. For actions in the near future, the present tense is more commonly used. –Esta noche, vamos a la tienda Further in the future, use the future tense Further in the future, use the future tense –En dos anos, ire a mexico. Regular verbs in the future tense are conjugated by adding the following endings to the infinitive form of the verb: e, as, a, emos, eis, an. Regular verbs in the future tense are conjugated by adding the following endings to the infinitive form of the verb: e, as, a, emos, eis, an. –Hablare –Hablaras –Hablara –Hablaremos –Hablareis –Hablaran

5 There are twelve common verbs that are irregular in the future tense. Their endings are regular, but the stems change. There are twelve common verbs that are irregular in the future tense. Their endings are regular, but the stems change. Caber……….yo cabre Caber……….yo cabre Poner……….yo ponder Poner……….yo ponder Decir……….yo dire Decir……….yo dire Haber………yo habre Haber………yo habre Salir…….…..yo saldre Salir…….…..yo saldre Hacer….……yo hare Hacer….……yo hare Poder……….yo podre Poder……….yo podre Tener……….yo tender Tener……….yo tender Querer……….yo querre Querer……….yo querre Valer……….yo valdre Valer……….yo valdre Saber……….yo sabre Saber……….yo sabre Venir……….yo vendre Venir……….yo vendre Compound verbs based on the irregular verbs inherit the same irregularities. Compound verbs based on the irregular verbs inherit the same irregularities. Examples: Examples: –Desquerer……….yo desquerre –Resaber……….yo resabre –Anteponer……….yo antepondre

6 DOP’s and IOP’s  Direct object pronouns: The object that directly receives the action of the verb is called the direct object pronoun. Tengo la pluma (I have the pen). La pluma is the direct object.  When the pronoun replace the name of the direct object, use the following pronouns: Me (me) Te (you-familiar) Lo/La (him, her, you-formal) Nos (us) Os (You all- familiar) Los/Las (them, you all-formal)

7 Examples of Direct object pronouns  Tengo la pluma  La Tengo (I have it)  Juan tiene el boligrafo  Juan lo tiene (Juan has it)  Maria tiene los libros  Maria los tiene (Maria has them)

8 Indirect Object Pronouns  The indirect object tells us where the direct object is going  He gives the book to Maria. The book = the direct object Maria = the indirect object  When a pronoun takes the place of the name of the indirect object, use the following pronouns: Me (me) Te (you-familiar) Le (him, her, you-formal) Nos (us) Os (you-all familiar) Les (them, you-all formal)

9 Examples of indirect object pronouns  Julio le compra un regalo (julio buys her a gift)  Jamonaeu les compra un regalo (Jamonaeu buys them a gift)

10 Direct and Indirect Object Pronouns Used Together When you have both a direct object pronoun and an indirect object pronoun in the same sentence, the indirect object pronoun comes first. Examples: Ellos me los dan. (They give them to me) IO pronoun: me DO pronoun: los Ella te la vende. (She sells it to you) IO pronoun: te DO pronoun: la

11 When both of the pronouns begin with “L”, you change the first pronoun to “se” Le lo = se lo Le la = se la Le los = se los Le las = se las Les lo = se lo Les la = se la Les los = se los Les las = se las The reason for changing “le lo” to “se lo” is because it is had to say two short consecutive words that being with the letter “L”

12 In negative sentence, you simply put a “no” before the sentence. No se lo tengo (I don’t have it for you). Nunca se los compro (I never buy them for her). In sentence with two verbs, there are two ways to put the pronouns in the sentence. You can place them before the conjugated verb or put them directly to the infinitive. She should explain it to me. Ella me lo debe explicar. Ella debe explicàrmelo. I want to tell it to you. Te lo quiero decir. Quiero decìrtelo. You need to send it to them. Se la necesitas enviar a ellos. Necesitas enviàrsela a ellos. When you attach the pronouns to the infinitive, an accent has to be added to the final syllable of the infinitive.

13 When the pronouns are attached to the infinitive, make the sentence negative by placing “no” directly before the conjugated verb. Ella debe explicàrmelo. Ella no debe explicàrmelo. When the pronouns come before the conjugated verb, make the sentence negative by placing the negative word directly before the pronouns. Ella me lo debe explicar. Ella no me lo debe explicar.

14 El Futuro Perfecto What is the future perfect and when is it used? What is the future perfect and when is it used? Overall, the future perfect tense is a tense used to state what will have taken place by a particular date or time. The future perfect tense is also used to wonder about something that might have occurred at an earlier time. Overall, the future perfect tense is a tense used to state what will have taken place by a particular date or time. The future perfect tense is also used to wonder about something that might have occurred at an earlier time. Por Ejemplo: Por Ejemplo: I will have walked the dog before tomorrow. I will have walked the dog before tomorrow. In two days, she will have practiced the piano. In two days, she will have practiced the piano.

15 How do you form the future perfect? Para formar el futuro perfecto, se usa el verbo hacer en el future y tambièn se usa el participio pasado. Para formar el futuro perfecto, se usa el verbo hacer en el future y tambièn se usa el participio pasado. El futuro de “HABER” : El futuro de “HABER” : Habrè Habremos Habràs Habrèis Habrà Habràn Para formar el participio pasado del verbo con –AR, quita la –AR y añ ade –ado Para formar el participio pasado del verbo con –ER o – IR, quita la –ER o –IR y añ ade –ido. Tambièn, recuerda los irregulares del participo padado de los verbos. (Hacer  hecho, Decir  dicho, ect. )

16 Por Ejemplo: Por Ejemplo: El participio de hablar es habaldo. El participio pasado de comer es comido. El participio pasado de vivir es vivido. Los ejemplos del Futuro Perfecto: Los ejemplos del Futuro Perfecto: In three years, I will have gone to the university. In three years, I will have gone to the university. Dentro tres años, habrè ido a la universidad. Dentro tres años, habrè ido a la universidad. He will have done the homework before tomorrow. Habrà hecho la tarea antes de mañana.

17 El se Impersonal  Cuando una persona usa ingles para decir ello, tù, uno, o personas en impersonal o hablar sobre personas en general, una persona en español usa:  Se = el Ud./ èl/ ella o los Uds./ ellos/ ellas forma del verbo.  Por Ejemplo: Se habla gaèlico. Se necesito escribir un papel para la clase de español.

18  Importante:  La plabra despuès del verbo determina si el verbo es singular o plural.  Por Ejemplo: Se compra un coche. Se venden videos y discos compactos.  Tambièn, cuando la palabra despuès del verbo conjugado es un infinitivo, la forma del verbo es singular.  Por Ejemplo: Se necesito reparar casas viejas. Se aprende hablar español muy bien.