With the exception of commands, all the verb forms you have been using have been in the indicative mood. The subjunctive is not a tense; rather, it is.

Presentación del tema: "With the exception of commands, all the verb forms you have been using have been in the indicative mood. The subjunctive is not a tense; rather, it is."— Transcripción de la presentación:

1 With the exception of commands, all the verb forms you have been using have been in the indicative mood. The subjunctive is not a tense; rather, it is a mood. Tense refers to when an action takes place (past, present, future), while mood merely reflects how the speaker feels about the action. The subjunctive mood is rarely used in English, but it is widely used in Spanish. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved.

2 The indicative mood is used to state facts and to express actions or states that the speaker considers to be real and definite. It is used to express factual information and certainty. In contrast, the subjunctive mood expresses the speaker’s attitudes toward events, as well as actions or states the speaker views as uncertain or hypothetical. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved.

3 The difference between indicative and subjunctive is the difference between…
certainty/objectivity (indicative) possibility/subjectivity (subjunctive) Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved.

4 Usted va al Perú en diciembre.
No dudo que usted va al Perú en diciembre. Dudo que usted vaya al Perú en diciembre. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved.

5 Usted tiene mucho tiempo libre.
Es verdad que usted tiene mucho tiempo libre. Me alegro que usted tenga tiempo libre. Me sorprende que usted tenga tiempo libre. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved.

6 Ellos son de la Republica Dominicana.
Es seguro que ellos son de la Republica Dominicana. Es posible que ellos sean de la Republica Dominicana. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved.

7 Tengo un novio que es simpatiquísimo.
Busco a alguien que sea simpatiquísimo. Quiero alguien que sea simpatiquísimo. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved.

8 Ej. Ustedes siempre ayudan con los quehaceres.
Can you make an indicative statement out of the sujunctive sentences below? Ej. Ustedes siempre ayudan con los quehaceres. Ej. Vamos a ayudar a preparar la comida. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved.

9 Segun estos ejemplos, ¿cómo crees que se forma el subjuntivo?
Quiero que me hables a mí Dudo que me escribas una carta. Es bueno que bebas agua Es probable que vayan a comer. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved.

10 The present subjunctive is formed very much like usted and ustedes and negative tú commands. From the yo form of the present indicative, drop the -o ending, and replace it with the subjunctive endings. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved.

11 The present subjunctive endings are:
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12 Verbs with irregular yo forms show the same irregularity in all forms of the present subjunctive.
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13 To maintain the -c, -g, and -z sounds, verbs ending in -car, -gar, and -zar have a spelling change in all forms of the present subjunctive. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved.

14 Present subjunctive of stem-changing verbs
-Ar and -er stem-changing verbs have the same stem changes in the subjunctive as they do in the present indicative. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved.

15 -Ir stem-changing verbs have the same stem changes in the subjunctive as they do in the present indicative, but in addition, the nosotros/as and vosotros/as forms undergo a stem change. The unstressed e changes to i, while the unstressed o changes to u. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved.

16 Irregular verbs in the present subjunctive
These five verbs are irregular in the present subjunctive. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved.

17 ¡Atención! The subjunctive form of hay (there is, there are) is also irregular: haya.
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18 General uses of the subjunctive
The subjunctive is mainly used to express: 1) will and influence, 2) emotion, 3) doubt, disbelief, and denial, and 4) indefiniteness and nonexistence. WEIRDO Will Emotion Impersonal expressions (what we are studying today!) Recommendations Doubt Ojalá Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved.

19 The subjunctive is most often used in sentences that consist of a main clause and a subordinate clause. The main clause contains a verb or expression that triggers the use of the subjunctive. The conjunction que connects the subordinate clause to the main clause. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved.

20 These impersonal expressions are always followed by clauses in the subjunctive:
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21 Alyssa, quiero que le des tu lápiz a Claire.
Ejemplos… Alyssa, quiero que le des tu lápiz a Claire. Quiero que ustedes estén en la clase a las 9. Zoe, quiero que vayas de compras esta tarde. Quiero que ustedes sepan todas las formas del subjuntivo. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved.

22 Es importante que aprendamos español.
Main clauses ending in que require subjunctive in the subordinate clause. Es importante que aprendamos español. Es necesario que yo entienda esta lección. Es bueno que los estudiantes traigan sus libros. In order to use the subjunctive in the subordinate clause, the conjunction que must be present and there must be a change in subject. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved.

23 Es importante que limpies la cocina. Es importante limpiar la cocina.
Why is the subjunctive only used in the first sentence? While the first example states one person’s responsibility, the second is a broad statement about the importance of cleaning kitchens. Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved.

24 Indica el presente de subjuntivo de estos verbos. Es importante que….
1. (alquilar, beber, vivir) que yo ______________ 2. (estudiar, aprender, asistir) que tú __________ 3. (encontrar, poder, dormir) que él __________ 4. (hacer, tener, venir) que nosotras __________ 5. (dar, hablar, escribir) que ellos __________ 6. (pagar, empezar, buscar) que ustedes __________ 7. (ser, ir, saber) que yo __________ 8. (estar, dar, oír) que tú __________ alquile, beba, viva Copyright © 2008 Vista Higher Learning. All rights reserved.