Main trends on the design of Regional Innovation Policies in Europe OPEN DAYS 2005 PIRINEOAK-PIRINEUS-PIRINEOS-PYRÉNÉES Brussels, 11 th October 2005 Venue:

Presentación del tema: "Main trends on the design of Regional Innovation Policies in Europe OPEN DAYS 2005 PIRINEOAK-PIRINEUS-PIRINEOS-PYRÉNÉES Brussels, 11 th October 2005 Venue:"— Transcripción de la presentación:

1 Main trends on the design of Regional Innovation Policies in Europe OPEN DAYS 2005 PIRINEOAK-PIRINEUS-PIRINEOS-PYRÉNÉES Brussels, 11 th October 2005 Venue: Delegation of the Basque Country 27, Rue des Deux Eglises B- 1000 Bruxelles Present and Future for Objective Competitiveness and Employment: best practices Present and Future for Objective Competitiveness and Employment: best practices Dr. Mikel Landabaso EU Commission, DG Regio F1 - Spain

2 Main trends on the design of Regional Innovation Policies in Europe 1.The Lisbon trail 2.R&D Excellence versus Regional Innovation 3."One size fits all" versus regionally adapted innovation policies 4.Human capital, Human capital, Human Capital 5.New objectives, instruments and policy delivery systems 6.An EU regional policy menu for the promotion of innovation

3 Regional GDP 2001 < 50 50 - 75 75 - 90 90 - 100 100 - 125 >= 125 No data Index EU 25 = 100 GDP per head (PPS), 2001 Source: Eurostat

4 A new economic rationale for the Regional Competitiveness and Employment objective: pushing the Lisbon agenda forward The open method of coordination established in Lisbon is not enough From a loose supranational method to a Community one The Commission to provide financial incentives in order to catalyse the process Financial leverage as well as political commitment Successful national advances towards Lisbon often hide pronounced regional disparities

5 Regional disparities in Europe in business expenditures on R&D (BERD - %GDP)

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7 A territorially-based, systemic approach versus a narrow high-tech and sectoral approach The "Sapir" proposal: more money for Research- help the best compete globally…the others will follow The "regional systems approach": more money for innovation – help tap underutilised potential, SMEs in particular, wherever it exists. OECD (Conclusions of the Chair, High level Meeting, Martigny, Switzerland, July 2003) Both global economic growth and social cohesion require increasing the competitiveness of regions, especially where potential is highest. The comparative advantages that drive innovation and investment are as much a regional characteristic as a national one. For regions to succeed, they must harness their own mix of assets, skills and ideas to compete in a global market and develop unused potential.

8 R&D excellence v.s. Regional Innovation 219 European regions: 8 European regions alone accounted for 25% GERD, 31 regions accounted for 50% of this expenditure, half of all patent applications for high technology concentrated in just 13 core regions. CIS: Half of the enterprises in the EUs manufacturing sector were innovators, with north-south disparities ranging from over 67% in Ireland, Denmark, Germany and Austria to less than 30% in Spain and Portugal. Firms and organisations from Objective 1 regions participate in only 14% of all EU R&D Framework Programme with SMEs receiving less than 15% of the total budget Finland, Austria, Belgium, France, Denmark and Germany give between 2 and 3 times more state aid to R&D per person employed in manufacturing than Spain, and nearly 10 times more than Portugal and Greece

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10 R&D expenditures

11 High-Tech employment and EPO patents applications

12 R&D personnel

13 "One size fits all" versus regionally adapted innovation policies: sectoral specialization, size and "isolation" matter Traditional sectors (e.g. textiles, wood, leather, agro-food, ceramics, metalworking, shoemaking, etc.) populated by SMEs represent the highest industrial value added in most regions, specially in less favoured regions, are comparatively more dependent on the regional environment to innovate – proximity plays a more important role and innovation is more incremental and less dependent on R&D efforts. More technologically advanced sectors (e.g. chemistry, aeronautics, electronics, information and communications technologies, informatics, etc.), better represented in more advanced regions are more directly dependent on R&D efforts as such, and they are based on relatively bigger and more internationally connected and innovative firms which often have the necessary internal R&D capacities.

14 "One size fits all" versus regionally adapted innovation policies: sectoral specialization, size and "isolation" matter Size Employment in manufacturing (2000) by firms under 50 employees in Italy, Spain or Portugal ranges from 56% to 47% while in all the rest of EU countries it ranges from only 22% in Germany to 33% in France. In Spain, Italy, Portugal 40% of the employees worked in microfirms A clear correlation between the regional density of large enterprises and R&D business expenditure, and regions with a high concentration of SMEs tend to show low rates of R&D business expenditure Isolation Unlike large firms with internal R&TDI capabilities, the SMEs route to innovation depends largely on their capacity to access technology and knowledge inputs from its regional environment, be it as inputs from the region itself (e.g. co-operation with other regional firms and suppliers/customers, skilled manpower, R&D capabilities, technology transfer from Technology centres and Universities…) or as relays (proximity gates) to sources of technologically advanced equipment and R&TD excellence networks internationally.

15 Different innovative behavior requires different policy designs and ways of measuring innovation potential Businessmen in SMEs rate the acquisition of advanced equipment and co- operation with suppliers and customers as the two most important ways to access advanced technologies well in front of conducting in-house R&D efforts - two managers out of every three considered networking between innovators (i.e. combined development of new products, sharing knowledge among companies, etc.) as important or very important for innovation in their companies.Businessmen in SMEs rate the acquisition of advanced equipment and co- operation with suppliers and customers as the two most important ways to access advanced technologies well in front of conducting in-house R&D efforts - two managers out of every three considered networking between innovators (i.e. combined development of new products, sharing knowledge among companies, etc.) as important or very important for innovation in their companies. OECD: product innovation is predominantly a collective process, involving often complex patterns of interactions within firms and between firms and the regional knowledge base in particular - in all geographical areas, isolated firms, which are more predominant in less favoured regions, innovate less than firms with external growth opportunities (in terms of networking and local spill-overs).OECD: product innovation is predominantly a collective process, involving often complex patterns of interactions within firms and between firms and the regional knowledge base in particular - in all geographical areas, isolated firms, which are more predominant in less favoured regions, innovate less than firms with external growth opportunities (in terms of networking and local spill-overs). ERIS-European Regional Innovation Survey conclusions: Small firms show a high preference for local and regional cooperation partners. They have a much higher share of intra-regional linkages than large firms.Small firms show a high preference for local and regional cooperation partners. They have a much higher share of intra-regional linkages than large firms. Innovating firms are much more engaged in networking than non-innovating firmsInnovating firms are much more engaged in networking than non-innovating firms Small firms cooperate to a lesser extent with universities and other research institutes, while medium size and large firms make much more use of this information and knowledge pool..Because their preference for local and regional partners, small firms depend greatly on the supportive quality of their regional environment and the innovation-relevant knowledge sources available thereSmall firms cooperate to a lesser extent with universities and other research institutes, while medium size and large firms make much more use of this information and knowledge pool..Because their preference for local and regional partners, small firms depend greatly on the supportive quality of their regional environment and the innovation-relevant knowledge sources available there

16 There is no successful innovation policy without a long term commitment to Human Capital building Innovation tends to increase the need for highly skilled workers and to decrease the need for the low skilled, and this phenomenon increases with firm size (IGH and IKEI, 2003). Early school-leavers: no less than two Greek regions (Anatoliki Makedonia and Notio Aigao), six Spanish regions (Castilla La Mancha, Extremadura, C. Valanciana, Andalucía, Murcia, Canarias), three Italian (Campania, Sardinia and Sicilia) and all Portuguese regions have more than one third of the total population aged 18-24 as early school leavers. Non Cohesion countries have less than half this rate. Low and medium level education is extremely low in Spain, Southern Italy, Greece and Portugal compared with the EU (not Spanish levels of tertiary education) Vocational training is key to innovation in SMEs: Over 65% in Germany and the UK and over 70% in Belgium, the Netherlands and Austria compared with 42% in Greece and 40% in Spain to 27-28% in Portugal and Ireland, with the figure in Italy also being 27%. Life-Long learning: 15% of the 24-65 received training in the last three months in Dk, Fin, Sw, Neth, UK compared with less than 5% in Portugal, Greece and France (Spain ranges from 2,3% in Cantabria to over 8% in Valencia)

17 Educational level 2002 LOWMEDIUMHIGH % of total population aged 25-64 < 19.2 19.2 – 28.0 28.0 – 36.8 36.8 – 45.6 >= 45.6 no data EU-27 = 32.4 Standard deviation = 17.7 < 35.05 35.05 – 43.35 43.35 – 51.65 51.65 – 59.95 >= 59.95 no data EU-27 = 47.5 Standard deviation = 16.59 < 13.65 13.65 – 17.95 17.95 – 22.25 22.25 – 26.55 >= 26.55 no data EU-27 = 20.01 Standard deviation = 8.57 Source: Eurostat (LFS)

18 New objectives Policies must aim to make the regions business more competitive internationally, develop higher added-value activities and exploit new niche markets: not to reduce financial burden on local entrepreneurs, not to reduce financial burden on local entrepreneurs, but to bring businesses into regional and international networks where they can co- operate and have access to sources of knowledge and technology. but to bring businesses into regional and international networks where they can co- operate and have access to sources of knowledge and technology.

19 New objectives An attractive Regional Image based on the regions own identity in the global economy in order to consolidate and attract a pool of talents and effectively sell the quality of life and their educational, technological and research environment Attract branch plants or qualified professionals? 300 jobs in one "foreign" shot or 3*100 in "local" SMEs? A branch plant or a home grown cluster? Bring your brains…and your family too… Bring your brains…and your family too… we have the socio-economic environment and the policies to valorise them instead of Bring your business to exploit our low labour costs and benefit from our low taxes = cut-throat regional competition (state aids war?) Bring your business to exploit our low labour costs and benefit from our low taxes = cut-throat regional competition (state aids war?)

20 Rooting mobile investments as important as attracting them Noble tasks (R&D and design) remain home "Less than 10% of innovative activities of the worlds largest 500 companies are located outside their countries of origin " (Tidd et al, 1997 – quoted from COTEC 1998). Less and less MCs available to less favored regions in Europe (and losing jobs…) "Between 99-01 FDI in EU15 = 7% of GDP (2% from outside the EU) ranging from 20%in Ireland, 13% in Denmark, Netherlands and Sweden to 4% in Portugal and less than 1,5% in Spain and Italy"

21 Rooting mobile investments as important as attracting them Footloose branch plants which come…and go east…and further east " Since 1991 the German industry has lost 36% of its jobs due to relocations to Eastern countries and/or structural changes…German enterprises have created some 3 million jobs abroad; foreign enterprises created some 0,9 million in Germany" (Dr. M. Wansleben, Eurochambers 22nd January 2004) "In France relocations are estimated at 10% of FDI abroad (300 M) between 1998-02'…Noyelles-Godault in Nord-Pas de Calais (38 M in state social aid), Daewooo in Metz, Altadis, JVC, Continental, Alcatel,…"(La Vangaurdia, 29 December 2003) "... Competitive advantage based on factor costs... is rapidly undone...A low-wage country today is quickly replaced by another tomorrow... M. Porter (1990).

22 New instruments Microeconomic level Facilitate business innovation and the economic exploitation of new ideas: reducing time to market,reducing time to market, improve the efficiency of production cycles,improve the efficiency of production cycles, increasing quality, design,increasing quality, design, innovation & knowledge managementinnovation & knowledge management facilitating start-ups, etc…facilitating start-ups, etc… by appropriate bridging/linking policies to Knowledge & technology resources... by appropriate bridging/linking policies to Knowledge & technology resources...

23 Enterprise SME E E E Enterprise SME Big Firms Public Sector National/Regional Administration Business Consultants: Services Universities Technology Centres Finance- Banks Value Chain Clusters Mentoring Schemes... Innovation Support Schemes Business Innovation Centres Innovation Management Techniques Technology Audits Technology Foresights Intermediaries Cluster Policy… Business Forums Seed Capital venture Capital Business Angels Technology Transfer Projects R&D Valorisation Graduate Placement Schemes University-Enterprise Cooperation... The Networked Economy

24 New instruments Microeconomic level Reduce entry barriers for businesses,promote entrepreneurship and provide knowledge access through networks and real business services to groups of firms in contrast to in contrast to Public subsidies to individual businesses through horizontal and automatic programmes of public aid. Public subsidies to individual businesses through horizontal and automatic programmes of public aid.

25 New instruments Mesoeconomic level Business climate that fosters the creation, dissemination and adaptation/adoption of knowledge (codified/tacit) that increases the regional competitiveness & attractiveness. Social capital and institutional efficiency: creating public-private partnerships, strengthening business co-operation networks (clusters), better matching existing R&DTI resources and infrastructures to business innovation demand… Social capital and institutional efficiency: creating public-private partnerships, strengthening business co-operation networks (clusters), better matching existing R&DTI resources and infrastructures to business innovation demand…

26 The Science-Market circuit

27 A fragmented regional economy: Less favoured regions Regional Government Business Services SMEs Chamber of Commerce SMEs Large firms SMEs Universities Technology Centers Sectoral Associations SMEs Large firms SMEs Technology Consultants SMEs Large firms SMEs Regional economy

28 Regional government Business services & tech. con- sultants SMEs Business intermediaries: Cham. of Comm.; Local Agencies BICs SMEs Large firms; Tech. Centers; Sect. Associa- tions SMEs Cluster Science base: Universities; Public R&D; Laboratories Technology Centers Sectoral Associations SMEs Large firms SMEs Valorisation of R&D and Tech. Transfer Office SMEs Global economy SMEs Open gate: International technology transfer networks Open gate: International value chains Open gate: International business consultants & specialized business services Open gate: International R&D/academic excellence networks SMEs Regional economy

29 R&TDI infrastructures and policies are key In order to consolidate and attract a pool of talents an adequate education & training, technological and research environment is of paramount importance - there is no second best in R&D: international excellence is the way forward Leading (and "connected") Universities are a powerful attraction tool. They are the processing factories of the XXIs century's basic raw material: brainpower. A responsive regional R&DI infrastructure (knowledge base) to business demand is key "The history of industrial innovation indicates that new businesses are usually spawned in the same place where entrepreneurs receive their degrees" (Corporation for Enterprise Development, 1998)

30 Knowledge infrastructures

31 In search of "connected" regions Physical (distance = time*price)… A well connected International airportA well connected International airport Good logistics: rail, road (sea), multimodal accessibilityGood logistics: rail, road (sea), multimodal accessibility "Rururban" quality sites"Rururban" quality sites No congestion or pollutionNo congestion or pollution …as well as virtual connections: broadband or leave "Business-to-Business (B2B) e-commerce is radically altering the way supply chains function and it is estimated at over 200billion in 2002 in Europe, a fourfold increase from the previous year." (Business Week, May 2003) " Plusieurs études auprès de petites et moyennes entreprises ont révélé que dans certaines zones non desservies à ce jour, plus de 30 % des entreprises prévoyaient de déménager en cas dabsence dune connexion à lInternet large bande dici trois ans (étude de lObservatoire Régional des Télécommunications en France)

32 Regional image and social infrastructures An attractive Regional Image in the global economy pays – "the Guggenheim effect": Regional identity, values and attitudesRegional identity, values and attitudes A "mosaic" society and a place to work …and live A "mosaic" society and a place to work …and live Effectively sell the quality of life:Effectively sell the quality of life: Nature, health and education facilities, security, local culture,..as well as leisure facilities, sun and sea (or snow) … also count "Freedom of location increases thanks to ICTs will emphasize the significance of features of place" (Talvitie, J. 2003) "Quality-of-place – particularly natural, recreational, and lifestyle amenities – is absolutely vital in attracting knowledge workers and in supporting leading-edge high technology firms and industries" ("Competing in the Age of Talent: quality of place and the new economy" Richard Florida, January 2000) "Quality-of-place – particularly natural, recreational, and lifestyle amenities – is absolutely vital in attracting knowledge workers and in supporting leading-edge high technology firms and industries" ("Competing in the Age of Talent: quality of place and the new economy" Richard Florida, January 2000)

33 New planning & implementation systems The public sector as facilitator, broker, catalyst. provide leadership, rather than control promoter and catalyst for economic development promoter and catalyst for economic development not to be planned by a enlightened elite using a linear procedure (with expensive consultants) not to be planned by a enlightened elite using a linear procedure (with expensive consultants) be amended on a permanent basis (learning by doing): pilot experimentation and evaluation, taking risks and learning from mistakes. be amended on a permanent basis (learning by doing): pilot experimentation and evaluation, taking risks and learning from mistakes. have a very wide and multidisciplinary focus and permanently improving human capital through education and training. have a very wide and multidisciplinary focus and permanently improving human capital through education and training.

34 New planning & implementation systems Such policies cannot be effectively developed without building social capital and good regional governance: without the direct participation of the private sector in planning and in implementation without the direct participation of the private sector in planning and in implementation without understanding and approaching the agendas of others active RTDI in the region, semi-public agencies, technology centers, universities and trade unions. without understanding and approaching the agendas of others active RTDI in the region, semi-public agencies, technology centers, universities and trade unions.

35 How to build social capital? a) steering committees of regional innovation planning exercises might be participated by several regional and national ministries concerned together with private actors, b) there is intensive use of working groups and sectoral platforms to identify research and technological development needs, capacities and priority actions, c) regional technology foresight-type exercises involving a large number of regional players are implemented, d) awareness raising and consensus building about innovation opportunities and challenges among a broad base of regional stakeholders are systematically carried out, e) a participative evaluation culture which allows for continuous policy improvement ensuring long term commitment to a common regional agenda and vision is developed, etc.

36 What measures European regions choose? Technological innovation related measures within PRAI 2001-2

37 A new economic rationale for the Regional Competitiveness and Employment objective: a regional and partnership approach Good regional governance and strengthened public- private partnerships at the heart of the reform of Cohesion Policy A regional approach as a matter of economic efficiency in the field of innovation: the need for territorial proximity in SMEs promotion Understand and build upon the potential of every region: helping regions help themselves

38 Proposed new Objective regional competitiveness and employment" Support to the design and implementation of regional innovation strategies conducive to efficient regional innovation systems: Enhancing regional R&TD and innovation capacities directly linked to regional economic development objectives by supporting industry or technology-specific competence centres; by promoting technology transfer; and by developing technology forecasting and international benchmarking of innovation promotion policies; Stimulating innovation in SMEs by promoting university-enterprise cooperation networks; by supporting business networks and clusters of SMEs, and by facilitating SMEs access to advanced business support services; Promoting entrepreneurship by facilitating the economic exploitation of new ideas, and by fostering the creation of new firms from universities and existing firms; Creating new financial instruments and incubation facilities conducive to the creation or expansion of technology-based firms.

39 Annex Practical examples for stimulating the discussion

40 La nueva proposición de Reglamento FEDER en relación con la economía del conocimiento e ideas tentativas para estimular la discusión

41 Estrategias de Innovación Regional « …las empresas no pueden innovar de forma aislada. Han de mantener, necesariamente, un conjunto de relaciones, formales e informales, con otras unidades (proveedores, clientes, fuentes de financiación, competidores), con los mercados de factores, con instituciones del sistema de enseñanza y de investigación científica y tecnológica, con organizaciones que actúan de contacto o relación entre ellas, etc. Entre todos estos agentes se establecen pues interacciones, cuya naturaleza, densidad, continuidad y calidad son circunstancias determinantes del nivel de logro conseguido por todo sistema de innovación. Las empresas existen pues, desde un punto de vista tecnológico, en el seno de redes en las que se comunican y cooperan con otros agentes que les aportan elementos complementarios (información, conocimiento tácito, habilidades,...) a los que ya poseen internamente para desplegar sus propios procesos de innovación… » (Informe Universidad 2000, J.M. Bricall, 2000).

42 La nueva proposición de Reglamento FEDER en relación con la economía del conocimiento e ideas tentativas para estimular la discusión

43 Clusters Clusters are a geographically bounded concentration of interdependent businesses with active channels for business transactions, dialogue, and communications, and that collectively shares common opportunities and threats (Rosenfeld, 1995) "Clusters constitute important knowledge spillovers for businesses. The physical proximity of the above outlined factors furthers the creation of formal and informal linkages and networks among firms and institutions, where information can easily flow and propagates. Easier contacts are established with public administrations, allowing them to adapt the cluster infrastructure to the businesses needs. This facilitates the innovation process." (EU Commission, DG Enter, 2002) "La Asociación Cluster de Industrias de Medio Ambiente de Euskadi (Aclima), fue creada en 1995 por la acción estratégica del Gobierno Vasco, …el número de socios de Aclima se ha incrementado más del 97% desde el inicio de la actividad, …en estos momentos están asociadas 64 empresas con una facturación de 694 millones de euros en 2002, …la inversión de las empresas de Aclima en I+D+I ha aumentado considerablemente a lo largo de los últimos años, pasando de 13,2 millones de euros en 1996 a 34,8 millones de euros en 2001, lo que supone un crecimiento del 263% …" (Diario Vasco 2003)

44 Relaciones Universidad-Empresa « la mayor parte de las empresas (75% de las PYMES) no mantiene relación con la universidad y un tercio de ellas opina que no constituye un motor de desarrollo económico, aunque un alto porcentaje (84%) cree que debería serlo…. menos del 3% la considera fuente de ideas innovadoras… » « …en el 2001, el número de solicitudes de patentes europeas presentadas por universidades españolas ascendió a 47 (7% de la totalidad). Tan sólo 21 de las 72 universidades existentes en nuestro país cursaron solicitudes…. » « En el año 2001 el número de spin-offs universitarios fue de 51 y de 65 en el 2002… » (Fundación CyD, Noviembre 2004) "..solo el 6% del gasto en I&D de las empresas se dirige a contratar proyectos de I&D+i en Universidades y Centros público de investigación…" (CEOE, Diciembre 2003)

45 Menú temático propuesto por la Comisión en el Reglamento FEDER Objetivo EstratégicoCuantificación Acceso a servicios empresariales avanzados por parte de las PYMES Duplicar el número de empresas andaluzas en el programa marco de investigación en dos años Crear una fundación, incluyendo a las consultoras pertinentes de la región, que sirva de ventanilla única en la que las PYMES andaluzas reciban un premier asesoramiento subvencionado sobre la utilización de tecnologías ICT, gestión del conocimiento e innovación. Crear un instituto de gestión del conocimiento Generar masas críticas de demanda para asentar en las capitales andaluzas subsidiarias de consultores internaciones de primer nivel en el ámbito de la innovación Facilitar el acceso al diseño y mejora de la calidad en las PYMEs (Instituto Andaluz de diseño) a través de proyectos de demostración Crear un red andaluza de consultores de servicios empresariales avanzados Disminuir a la mitad el tiempo de tramitación de una ayuda pública a las empresas en el plazo de un año Diseñar un programa de auditorias tecnológicas que permita identificar a posibles candidatos (100 empresas por año y provincia auditadas *100.000 por empresa) Utilizar bonos de derecho de utilización horas/hombre de consultor en determinados campos relacionados con la innovación por parte de PYMES subvencionados por el sector público (1.000 bonos de 5.000 por provincia) Explorar la posibilidad de utilizar los recursos de investigación de las grandes empresas andaluzas para dar servios a las demandas de innovación de grupos de Pymes locales y creación de un Directorio de recursos Complementar con fondos públicos la subvención comunitaria del programa Marco para incentivar a la PYME hasta el máximo permitido por el 87.3.a) Invitar a hacer una presentación a cada uno de los consultores nacionales de innovación sobre sus propuestas de proyectos para Andalucía Crear un sistema electrónico de tramitación de ayudas públicas La nueva proposición de Reglamento FEDER en relación con la economía del conocimiento e ideas tentativas para estimular la discusión

46 Menú temático propuesto por la Comisión en el Reglamento FEDER Objetivo EstratégicoCuantificación Prospectiva Tecnológica Realizar un estudio Delphi de prospectiva sobre las 100 tecnologías clave para Andalucía en el horizonte 2010 2 millones de en un año para movilizar al mundo científico andaluz en colaboración con expertos internacionales de primer nivel para identificar que tecnologías emergentes pueden interesar y/o afectar al tejido económico andaluz en el medio y largo plazo, integrando esta acción dentro del proceso de elaboración de las estrategias de innovación de cada provincia Entrepreneurship Financiar una bolsa de 100 ideas y 10 premios a emprendedores por año en cada provincia. Programa de apadrinamiento que reciclen (20-50) empresarios retirados para ayudar a 100 jóvenes emprendedores y/o Pymes en cada provincia Financiar 50 nuevos business plans y 10 nuevos prototipos por provincia Elaborar y difundir una guía práctica y detallada Los diez pasos para crear una empresa Negociar la inclusión de programas de creación empresarial en escuelas y universidades Crear un Directorio de empresarios disponibles para apadrinar y subvención de 100 horas de asesoramiento por empresa. Capital Riesgo Establecer una feria regional anual de la innovación en la que se invite a los ganadores de los premios de emprendedores, a profesores universitarios con ideas empresariales y a gestores/inversores de Fondos a riesgo Crear fondos de pre-seed and seed capital Crear un Directorio Andaluz de Business Angels Crear una mesa de trabajo con el sector bancario tradicional y las fundaciones regionales para identificar ideas para financiar inversiones intangibles de riesgo y a largo plazo que definen el proceso de innovación (dinero, garantías, etc.) La nueva proposición de Reglamento FEDER en relación con la economía del conocimiento e ideas tentativas para estimular la discusión

47 Menú temático propuesto por la Comisión en el Reglamento FEDER Objetivo EstratégicoCuantificación Incubadoras Duplicar el número de metros cuadrados de incubación y de empresas en incubadoras en Andalucía en dos años Crear un red virtual de incubadoras en Andalucía Crear un directorio GIS de utilización del terreno en Andalucía susceptible de ser utilizado para planificar y responder a la demanda de suelo empresarial. Analizar cuales son los servicios comunes de asesoramiento, plazos y metros cuadrados mas adecuados en Andalucía a la vista de la experiencia existente Ver la mejor forma de implicar a las autoridades locales en el proceso de incubación (detección y financiación de emprendedores) Infrastructuras y equipamientos de I&DTI Dotar de financiación complementaria en equipamiento a aquellos centros de investigación activos o susceptibles de serlo en el programa Marco de Investigación para así consolidar centros de excelencia científica en la región Crear una red virtual de parques tecnológicos e incubadoras en la región Establecer unas directrices comunes para nuevos Parques Tecnológicos a la vista de la experiencia de los 10 últimos años en Andalucía. Estudiar la posibilidad de crear espacios de incubación asociados a cada un de las universidades andaluzas Evaluación de Políticas de Innovación Crear un Observatorio de la Innovación Andaluz en colaboración con la Universidad encargado de crear y alimentar indicadores susceptibles de evaluar el impacto de las políticas de innovación Evaluar sistemáticamente cada programa relacionado con la innovación, desarrollando metodología adaptadas capaces de medir intangibles y acciones más allá de la I&D Cooperación territorial: transnacional, transfronteriza e Inter-regional Ser el puente Europeo de transferencia/adaptación de tecnologías intermedias en sectores tradiciones hacia el Norte de Africa. Feria tecnológica anual con el Norte de Africa Aprovechar la red española de regiones que realizan programas regionales de acciones innovadoras La nueva proposición de Reglamento FEDER en relación con la economía del conocimiento e ideas tentativas para estimular la discusión