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Paso a paso
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Reflexive actions are actions that are done to oneself. (I wash my hands. You brush your teeth) In Spanish, you can tell if a verb is reflexive by the “SE” on the end of it. Lavar = to washLavarse= to wash oneself Vestir = to dressVestirse= to dress oneself Poner = to putPonerse= to put on oneself
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Despertarse (e ie)To wake up LevantarseTo get up LavarseTo wash SecarseTo dry Vestirse (e i)To dress AfeitarseTo shave PintarseTo paint CortarseTo cut PonerseTo put on QuitarseTo take off Acostarse (o ue)To go to bed Dormirse (o ue)To fall asleep MaquillarseTo put on make up CepillarseTo brush PeinarseTo comb
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ME = myselfNOS = ourselves TE = yourselfOS = yourselves SE = himself, herselfSE = themselves
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Remove the “SE” from the end. Choose the correct pronoun to match your subject. Conjugate the rest of the verb normally. DON’T FORGET… you still have to remove the verbs ending before you conjugate! EX: BAÑARSE (yo) me baño. EX: DUCHARSE (tú) ? EX: DORMIRSE (él) ?
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LAVARSE – nosotros PONERSE – yo ACOSTARSE* (o ue) – ellos VESTIRSE* (e i) – tú DESPERTARSE* (e ie) – él LEVANTARSE – Ud. CEPILLARSE – ella DUCHARSE – vosotros * Pay special attention to stem changes! It’s easy to forget when you are concentrating on pronouns!
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LAVARSE – nosotros nos lavamos PONERSE – yo me pongo ACOSTARSE (o ue) – ellos se acuestan VESTIRSE (e i) – Tú te vistes DESPERTARSE (e ie) – él se despierta LEVANTARSE – Ud. se levanta CEPILLARSE – ella se cepilla DUCHARSE – vosotros os ducháis
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Sometimes this is tricky to determine. Always ask … who is “verbing”? What/who is being verbed? If it’s the same person, then its REFLEXIVE. Talk about these samples with a friend for 30 seconds: I eat a sandwich. We make lunch. She puts her shoes on. They do their homework.
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Yo ___ el pelo. lavo me lavo Tú ___ el perro. cepillaste cepillas Ellos ___el desayuno. comense comen Paco ___ la tarea. hacese hace Mi padre ___ temprano. despierta se despierta Nosotros ___ la cara. Sancho ___ en la chaqueta. viste se viste Ellas ___ a las nueve. acuestan se acuestan Manuel ___ a su prima. Despierta se despierta
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Always use articles (el, la, los, las) NOT possessive adjectives (mi, tus, sus, etc) Possessives aren’t necessary bc you have a reflexive pronoun that tells you who is getting verbed. On your whiteboard write these in Spanish. She paints her nails. (pintarse/las uñas) He shaves his face. (afeitarse/la cara) They brush their hair. (cepillarse/el pelo).
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In a one verb sentence, the pronoun goes before the verb. Ducharse Yo me ducho. In a two verb sentences there are options: Before the first verb. -OR- after the 2 nd verb. EX: Me necesito lavar. -OR- Necesito lavarme. Both are correct, you can choose! Discuss with a partner: We have to (tener que) wake up early. Nos tenemos que despertar temprano. Tenemos que despertarnos temprano.
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He is going to shower. (Ir + a + ducharse) They want to take off. (Querer + quitarse) She has to bathe. (Tener + que + bañarse) We need to dress. (Necesitar + vestirse) You prefer to wake up. (Preferir + despertarse) I have just gotten up. (Acabar + de+ levantarse)
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He is going to shower. ( Va a ducharse) They want to take off. (Quieren quitarse) She has to bathe. (Tengo que bañarme) We need to dress. (Necesitamos vestirnos) You prefer to wake up. (Prefieres despertarte) I have just gotten up. (Acabo de levantarme) Remember, its also always SAFE to put the pronoun before the first verb, just NEVER between two verbs!
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-ANDO and –IENDO verb forms also have two options. EX: MAQUILLARSE (YO) Choose the form of ESTAR to match the subject. (ESTOY) Put the “ME” in front of Estoy or on the end of maquillando. Me estoy maquillando. Estoy maquillándome. Did you notice the accent mark? When you add syllables to a verb, sometimes you need to mark original stress with an accent.
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1.We are bathing ourselves. (BAÑARSE) 2.They are going to bed. (ACOSTARSE) 3.You all are dressing yourselves. (VESTIRSE) 4.He is cutting his nails. (CORTARSE) 5.She is brushing her teeth. (CEPILLARSE) 6.I am showering. (DUCHARSE) 7.They are shaving. (AFEITARSE)
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1.Estamos banándonos. Nos estamos bañando. 2.Están acostándose. Se están acostando. 3.Están vistiéndose. Se están vistiendo. 4. Está cortándose las uñas. Se está cortando las uñas. 5. Está cepillándose los dientes. Se está cepillando los dientes. 6. Estoy duchándome. Me estoy duchando. 7. Están afeitándose. Se están afeitando.
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You can order people to do reflexive actions. Most of the time this happens in the TÚ form. Let’s review how to make a positive order… Start with the Él/Ella form of the verb. EX: BAÑAR = BAÑA VESTIR = VISTE Then attach the reflexive pronoun to the end of the verb, and mark the original stress with an accent. EX: BÁNATE VÍSTETE DIVIÉRTETE Is how you would say “have fun” in Spanish.
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Prepare yourself! Wake up! Go to bed! Shower! Get up! Get dressed! Wash your hands! Brush your teeth!
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Prepare yourself! ¡prepárate! Wake up! ¡despiértate! Go to bed! ¡acuéstate! Shower! ¡dúchate! Get up! ¡Levántate! Get dressed! ¡vístete! Wash your hands! ¡lávate las manos! Brush your teeth! ¡cepíllate los dientes!
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