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Introduction to the Subjunctive NOTE: To change images on this slide, select a picture and delete it. Then click the Insert Picture icon in the placeholder.

Publicada porMáximo Banes Modificado hace 9 años

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Presentación del tema: "Introduction to the Subjunctive NOTE: To change images on this slide, select a picture and delete it. Then click the Insert Picture icon in the placeholder."— Transcripción de la presentación:

1 Introduction to the Subjunctive NOTE: To change images on this slide, select a picture and delete it. Then click the Insert Picture icon in the placeholder to insert your own image.

2 The first thing you need to know in order to “get” the subjunctive is the basic structure of the language. Spanish is divided into three MOODS.

3 Español The INDICATIVE MOOD expresses: What is done What is being done What has been done What will be done What would be done if… The SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD expresses what you: Hope will be done Want to be done Doubt will be done Wish will be done Suggest would be done Recommend to be done The IMPERATIVE MOOD expresses: Commands!

4 The MOODS are then divided into TENSES: INDICATIVE tenses: Present indicative (I speak) Imperfect (I was speaking) Preterit (I spoke) Future (I will speak) Conditional (I would speak) The perfect tenses (I have/had spoken) SUBJUNCTIVE tenses: Present subjunctive (He wants me to speak.) Imperfect subjunctive (He wanted me to speak.) Perfect subjunctive (He wishes that I had spoken.) Pluperfect subjunctive (He wished that I would have spoken.)

5 Now that you know what the subjunctive is, let’s conjugate it!

6 Steps for conjugation: 1.Find the YO form of the present (indicative) tense. 2.Remove the –o ending 3.Add opposite verb endings:

7 Subjunctive endings: SUBJECT-AR verbs-ER and -IR verbs yo-e-a tú-es-as él/ella/usted-e-a nosotros-emos-amos vosotros-éis-áis ellos/ellas/ustedes-en-an

8 So… HABLARCOMERPONER hablecomaponga hablescomaspongas hablecomaponga hablemoscomamospongamos habléiscomáispongáis hablencomanpongan

9 No matter how weird the verb is, if it can go through the above three steps, it has a regular subjunctive form. For example: CONOCER (tú)  yo conozco  subjunctive: conozcas VER (nosotros)  yo veo  subjunctive: veamos TENER (usted)  yo tengo  subjunctive: tenga QUERER (ellos)  yo quiero  quieran

10 Spelling changes -CAR  -QU (buscar  busque) -GAR  -GU (llegar  llegue) -ZAR  -C (abrazar  abrace)

11 IRREGULARS! SERIRDARESTARSABERHABER* yo seavayadéestésepahaya tú seasvayasdesestéssepashayas él/ella/u sted seavayadéestésepahaya nosotros seámosvayamosdemosestemossepamoshayamos vosotros seáisvayáisdeisestéissepáishayáis ellos/ell as/uste des seanvayandenesténsepanhayan *These forms are used for the present perfect subjunctive—making an expression in the present about a past event. Otherwise, haya is the subjunctive form of hay: “Espero que haya chocolate.”

12 The Present Subjunctive

13 The subjunctive mood is used to say that one person influences the actions of another. Recomendamos que Uds. hablen con un agente de viajes. We recommend that you speak with a travel agent. Quiere Ud. que escribamos nuestros nombres en las maletas? Do you want us to write our names on our suitcases?

14 Note that the subjunctive sentences have two parts, each with a different subject, connected by the word que : Ella sugiere que The first part uses the present indicative verb (recommendation, suggestion, prohibition, and so on) + que, and the second part uses the present subjunctive verb (what should happen). Ella sugiereyo aprenda francés.

15 Verbs that are often followed by que + subjunctive: decirprohibir insistir en querer necesitarrecomendar permitirsugerir preferir (¿Qué significan estos verbos?)

16 The present subjunctive has the same spelling changes and irregular yo form changes used with commands 1) Traer  yo traigo 2) Drop the "o"  traig- 3) Add the opposite ending  traiga Caer (Caigo) Decir (digo) Hacer (Hago) Oír (Oigo) Poner (Pongo) Salir (Salgo) Venir (Vengo) If the “yo" form is irregular, the subjunctive form will follow the irregular pattern:“yo" form is irregular

17 If there is a stem change in the Present Tense, there will be a stem change in all of the conjugations in the Subjunctive form with the exception of the nosotros form of -AR and -ER verbs. Infinitive (Verb)Present tense YoSubjunctive Yo formSubjunctive Nosotros form PedirPidoPidaPidamos PensarPiensoPiensePensemos DormirDuermoDuermaDurmamos EntenderEntiendoEntiendaEntendamos PoderPuedoPuedaPodamos Only -IR verbs continue to stem-change in all forms of the Present Subjunctive and they follow the same stem-changes as in the Preterite. Preterite

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