Making Nouns Plural There are rules for making nouns plural in Spanish. They are easy and straight- forward…

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Transcripción de la presentación:

Making Nouns Plural There are rules for making nouns plural in Spanish. They are easy and straight- forward…

Nouns that end in a vowel O Add an “s” to the end of the word. O Example: O Página  páginas O Page  Pages O Chica  chicas O Girl  girls

Nouns ending in a consonant O Add “es” to the end of the word. O Example: O Televisión  televisiones O Television  televisions O Profesor  profesores O Professor  professors

Nouns ending in a “z” O Remove the “z” and add “ces”. O Example: O Lápiz  lápices O Pencil  pencils O Vez  veces O Time  times

Práctica Singular Plural O Regla O video O Pizarrón O escritorio O Niñez O Cartel O reglas O Videos O pizarrones O Escritorios O niñeces O carteles

Gender of Nouns Masculine and feminine do not signify that the object is a boy or a girl, but that they take masculine or feminine articles, adjectives etc.

Educated Guesses Masculine Feminine O A

Gender O However, it can be difficult to guess the gender of the noun if the noun doesn’t end with an o or an a. O One way to know is to know the meaning of the word. If the word means male or female people or animals, then the gender of the noun will match that.

Rule 1: “A” Rule O If a noun ends in “a” it is usually feminine. O Example: La chica, la mesa, la silla

Rule 2: “NORSEL” Rule O If a noun ends in ONONO OROR OSOS O E OR OLOL O It is usually masculine O Example: el pizarrón, el español, el refrigerador This does NOT include plural words Example: Las Matemáticas

Rule 3: “ma-pa” Rule O If a noun ends in O ma OR O pa O It is usually masculine. O Example: el mapa, el tema

Rule 4: “ción-sión” rule O If a noun ends in O ción OR O sión O It IS feminine. O Example: la computación, las lecciones

Rule 5: “tad-dad” Rule O If a noun ends in O tad OR O dad O It IS feminine. O Example: la libertad, las edades

Rule 6: “Stressed A” Rule O If a noun has a stressed “a” as a first letter of the word AND ends in an “a”, it takes a masculine article, but feminine adjectives. O Example: el agua fría

Rule 7: “Noun Phrase” Rule O If a noun is formed with more than one word, the first word determines the gender. O Apply the gender rules to the first word. O Example: La sopa de verduras

Rule 8: “Palabra Loca” Rule O If a noun ends in any other letter than the ones listed in the previous rules, it has to be memorized. O OR if it breaks the rules… O Example: el lápiz O So…how do I know? O Look in the dictionario o vocabulario…

Práctica O Problema O Rule: O Gender: O Ciudad O Rule: O Gender: O Reloj O Rule: O Gender: O Borrador O Rule: O Gender: O Ambición O Rule: O Gender: O Ávila O Rule: O Gender: O Alfombra O Rule: O Gender: O Casa de perros O Rule: O Gender:

Práctica O Problema O Rule: ma-pa rule O Gender: M O Ciudad O Rule: O Gender: O Reloj O Rule: O Gender: O Borrador O Rule: O Gender: O Ambición O Rule: O Gender: O Ávila O Rule: O Gender: O Alfombra O Rule: O Gender: O Casa de perros O Rule: O Gender:

Práctica O Problema O Rule: ma-pa rule O Gender: M O Ciudad O Rule: tad-dad rule O Gender: F O Reloj O Rule: O Gender: O Borrador O Rule: O Gender: O Ambición O Rule: O Gender: O Ávila O Rule: O Gender: O Alfombra O Rule: O Gender: O Casa de perros O Rule: O Gender:

Práctica O Problema O Rule: ma-pa rule O Gender: M O Ciudad O Rule: tad-dad rule O Gender: F O Reloj O Rule: Palabra Loca rule O Gender: M O Borrador O Rule: O Gender: O Ambición O Rule: O Gender: O Ávila O Rule: O Gender: O Alfombra O Rule: O Gender: O Casa de perros O Rule: O Gender:

Práctica O Problema O Rule: ma-pa rule O Gender: M O Ciudad O Rule: tad-dad rule O Gender: F O Reloj O Rule: Palabra Loca rule O Gender: M O Borrador O Rule: NORSEL rule O Gender: M O Ambición O Rule: O Gender: O Ávila O Rule: O Gender: O Alfombra O Rule: O Gender: O Casa de perros O Rule: O Gender:

Práctica O Problema O Rule: ma-pa rule O Gender: M O Ciudad O Rule: tad-dad rule O Gender: F O Reloj O Rule: Palabra Loca rule O Gender: M O Borrador O Rule: NORSEL rule O Gender: M O Ambición O Rule: ción-sión rule O Gender: F O Ávila O Rule: O Gender: O Alfombra O Rule: O Gender: O Casa de perros O Rule: O Gender:

Práctica O Problema O Rule: ma-pa rule O Gender: M O Ciudad O Rule: tad-dad rule O Gender: F O Reloj O Rule: Palabra Loca rule O Gender: M O Borrador O Rule: NORSEL rule O Gender: M O Ambición O Rule: ción-sión rule O Gender: F O Ávila O Rule: Stressed “A” rule O Gender: el, F O Alfombra O Rule: O Gender: O Casa de perros O Rule: O Gender:

Práctica O Problema O Rule: ma-pa rule O Gender: M O Ciudad O Rule: tad-dad rule O Gender: F O Reloj O Rule: Palabra Loca rule O Gender: M O Borrador O Rule: NORSEL rule O Gender: M O Ambición O Rule: ción-sión rule O Gender: F O Ávila O Rule: Stressed “A” rule O Gender: el, F O Alfombra O Rule: a rule O Gender: F O Casa de perros O Rule: O Gender:

Práctica O Problema O Rule: ma-pa rule O Gender: M O Ciudad O Rule: tad-dad rule O Gender: F O Reloj O Rule: Palabra Loca rule O Gender: M O Borrador O Rule: NORSEL rule O Gender: M O Ambición O Rule: ción-sión rule O Gender: F O Ávila O Rule: Stressed “A” rule O Gender: el, F O Alfombra O Rule: a rule O Gender: F O Casa de perros O Rule: Noun Phrase, A O Gender: F

Concordancia: Agreement of nouns and Adjectives Adjectives in Spanish must match in gender and number to the nouns that they describe. Also, adjectives usually follow nouns in Spanish.

Adjectives 4 Form Remove the –o and add: O Adjectives that end in “o” in the vocabulario o el diccionario, must agree in gender and number. O feo, fea, feos, feas SingularPlural M -o -os F -a -as

Adjectives 2 form: For singular: Leave as is For plural: add -s or -es Adjectives that end in a consonant or a vowel other than “o” just need to match in number. facil, faciles SingularPlural M leave -es/s F leave -es/s

Práctica O El chico ____________ (divertido) O El hombre __________ (feliz) O Las chicas __________ (divertido) O Los hombres __________ (feliz) O Los chicos __________ (divertido) O Las mujeres __________ (feliz) O La chica __________ (divertido) O La mujer __________ (feliz)

Práctica O El chico divertido (divertido) O El hombre __________ (feliz) O Las chicas __________ (divertido) O Los hombres __________ (feliz) O Los chicos __________ (divertido) O Las mujeres __________ (feliz) O La chica __________ (divertido) O La mujer __________ (feliz)

Práctica O El chico divertido (divertido) O El hombre feliz (feliz) O Las chicas __________ (divertido) O Los hombres __________ (feliz) O Los chicos __________ (divertido) O Las mujeres __________ (feliz) O La chica __________ (divertido) O La mujer __________ (feliz)

Práctica O El chico divertido (divertido) O El hombre feliz (feliz) O Las chicas divertidas (divertido) O Los hombres __________ (feliz) O Los chicos __________ (divertido) O Las mujeres __________ (feliz) O La chica __________ (divertido) O La mujer __________ (feliz)

Práctica O El chico divertido (divertido) O El hombre feliz (feliz) O Las chicas divertidas (divertido) O Los hombres felices (feliz) O Los chicos __________ (divertido) O Las mujeres __________ (feliz) O La chica __________ (divertido) O La mujer __________ (feliz)

Práctica O El chico divertido (divertido) O El hombre feliz (feliz) O Las chicas divertidas (divertido) O Los hombres felices (feliz) O Los chicos divertidos (divertido) O Las mujeres __________ (feliz) O La chica __________ (divertido) O La mujer __________ (feliz)

Práctica O El chico divertido (divertido) O El hombre feliz (feliz) O Las chicas divertidas (divertido) O Los hombres felices (feliz) O Los chicos divertidos (divertido) O Las mujeres felices (feliz) O La chica __________ (divertido) O La mujer __________ (feliz)

Práctica O El chico divertido (divertido) O El hombre feliz (feliz) O Las chicas divertidas (divertido) O Los hombres felices (feliz) O Los chicos divertidos (divertido) O Las mujeres felices (feliz) O La chica divertida (divertido) O La mujer __________ (feliz)

Práctica O El chico divertido (divertido) O El hombre feliz (feliz) O Las chicas divertidas (divertido) O Los hombres felices (feliz) O Los chicos divertidos (divertido) O Las mujeres felices (feliz) O La chica divertida (divertido) O La mujer feliz (feliz)