Verb Notebook Advanced Spanish. Verbs 1.Hablar 2.Comer 3.Vivir 4.Ser 5.Estar 6.Ir 7.Dar 8.Ver 9.leer 10.Pagar 11.tocar 12.Aprender 13.Tener 14.Querer.

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Transcripción de la presentación:

Verb Notebook Advanced Spanish

Verbs 1.Hablar 2.Comer 3.Vivir 4.Ser 5.Estar 6.Ir 7.Dar 8.Ver 9.leer 10.Pagar 11.tocar 12.Aprender 13.Tener 14.Querer 15.comenzar 16.dormir 17.poder 18.poner 19.Salir 20.hacer 21.traer 22.Venir 23.Saber 24.conocer 25.lavarse 26.acostarse 27.divertirse 28.andar 29.decir 30.pedir 31.seguir 32.oír

Preterite tense verbs Explanation and conjugations

Preterite Tense Notes 2.Preterite tense The preterite is used for a past action that is completed. Treat the preterite tense as a word ending in the letters -ED. How to form regular verbs: 1: drop the infinitive ending (-ar, -er, -ir) 2: add the appropriate present tense endings to match the subject. -ar verb endings-er /-ir endings é aste ó amos aron asteis í iste ió imos isteis ieron Note: the nosotros forms for -ar and -ir verbs are the same in both preterite and present tenses: hablamos, vivimos. Context gives us the clues to know which tense is being used.

Continuation of notes When to use it Generally speaking, the preterite is used for actions in the past that are seen as completed. Use of the preterite tense implies that the past action had a definite beginning and definite end. – Juan habló de la una hasta las dos. Juan spoke from one until two o'clock. (clearly stated beginning and end)

Continuation of notes It is important to realize that the beginning and the end may not always be clearly stated. – Juan habló dos horas. Juan spoke for two hours. (implied beginning and end) – Juan habló con la estudiante. Juan spoke with the student. (implied beginning and end)

Continuation of notes The preterite is used for actions that can be viewed as single events. – Ella caminó por el parque. She walked through the park. – Ellos llegaron a las ocho. They arrived at eight o'clock. The preterite is used for actions that were repeated a specific number of times, or occurred during a specific period of time. – Ayer escribí tres cartas. Yesterday I wrote three letters. – Vivimos allí por cuatro años. We lived there for four years

Continuation of notes The preterite is used for actions that were part of a chain of events. – Ella se levantó, se vistió, y salió de la casa. She got up, dressed, and left the house. The preterite is used to state the beginning or the end of an action. – Empezó a nevar a las ocho de la mañana. It began to snow at eight in the morning.

Continuation of notes Stem changers in the preterite -ar and -er verbs that change their stem in the present tense do not change in the preterite. They are conjugated just like other regular preterite verbs. -ir verbs that change their stem in the present tense do change in the preterite, but in a different way. They change e:i and o:u in the third person, singular and plural. (Sandal verbs or sole verb) 2

Continuation of notes IR Stem changers in the preterite (Sandal verbs) PreferirDormir Preferídormí Preferistedormiste Prefiriódurmió Preferimosdormimos Prefirierondurmieron 2

Continuation of notes Orthographic (spelling) changes In order to preserve the sound of the infinitive, a number of verbs change orthographically (spelling) in the preterite tense. Pirate verbs: The following changes occur in the "yo" form only: – Verbs that end in -gar change g to gué Verbs that end in -car change c to qué Verbs that end in -zar change z to cé – See these verbs for examples: pagar, tocar, comenzar

Continuation of notes For verbs that end in -aer, -eer, -oír, and - oer, the él/ella/usted forms use the ending "yó" (rather than ió) and the third person plural uses the ending "yeron" (rather than ieron). The remaining forms gain a written accent over the letter "i.“ See these verbs: creer, leer, oír Exception to this rule: traer Creer – to believe creí creíste creyó creímos creísteis creyeron

Continuation of notes Alternate endings A number of verbs that are irregular in the preterite follow a particular pattern. While their stems change, they all take the following endings: -e -iste -o -imos -isteis -ieron

Continuation of notes InfinitiveStem Change andaranduv- estarestuv- tenertuv- cabercup- haberhub- poderpud- ponerpus- sabersup- hacerhic- quererquis- venirvin- Here are the verbs, along with their corresponding stem changes: Note: The one exception is the third person singular of hacer. the c changes to z to form "hizo."

Continuation of notes Changes in meaning Some verbs actually change meaning, When they are used in the preterite. Conocermet Querertried no querer refused Saberfound out Podersucceeded in Tenerreceived

Preterite Tense Conjugations

1 1. To talk, to speak Hablar Hablo Hablas Habla Hablamos Hablan Habláis 2. hablé hablaste habló hablamos hablasteis hablaron

2 1. To eatcomer Como comes come comemos coméis comen 2. comí comiste comió comimos comisteis comieron

3 1. To livevivir vivo vives vive vivimos vivís viven 2. viví viviste vivió vivimos vivisteis vivieron

4 1. To beser soy eres es somos son sois 2. fuisteis fueron fuimos fue fuiste fui

5 1. To beEstar Estoy Estás EstáEstán Estamos Estáis 2. estuve estuviste estuvo estuvisteis estuvimos estuvieron

6 1. To goir voy vas va vamos vais van 2. fui fuiste fue fuimos fuisteis fueron

7 1. To give, to throw(a party) dar doy das da damos dan dais 2. dí diste dio disteis dimos dieron

8 1. To seever veo ves ve vemos ven véis 2. vi viste vio visteis vieron vimos

9 1. To readleer leo lees lee leemos leéis leen 2. leí leíste leyó leísteis leyeron leímos

10 1. To paypagar pago pagas paga pagamos pagan pagáis 2. pagué pagaste pagó pagasteis pagaron pagamos

11 1. To touch, to play (an instrument) tocar toco tocas toca tocamos tocan tocáis 2. toqué tocaste tocó tocasteis tocaron tocamos

12 1. To learnaprender aprendo aprendes aprende aprendemos aprenden aprendéis 2. aprendí aprendiste aprendió aprendisteis aprendieron aprendimos

13 1. To havetener tengo tienes tienetienen tenemos tenéis 2. tuve tuviste tuvo tuvisteis tuvieron tuvimos

14 1. To want, to wish, To love querer quiero quieres quiere quieren queremos queréis 2. quise quisiste quiso quisisteis quisieron quisimos

15 1. To begincomenzar comienzo comienzas comienzacomienzan comenzamos comenzáis 2. comencé comenzaste comenzó comenzasteis comenzaron comenzamos

16 1. To sleepdormir duermo duermes duermeduermen dormimos dormís 2. dormí dormiste durmío dormisteis durmieron dormimos

17 1. To be able to, can poder podemos Podéis puedo puedes puedepueden 2. pude pudiste pudo pudisteis pudieron pudimos

18 1. To put, to placeponer pongo pones pone ponemos ponéis ponen 2. puse pusiste puso pusisteis pusieron pusimos

19 1. To leave, to go out salir salgo sales sale salimos salís salen 2. salí saliste salió salisteis salieron salimos

20 1. To do, to makehacer hago haces hace hacemos hacéis hacen 2. hice hiciste hizo hicisteis hicieron hicimos

21 1. To bringtraer traigo traes trae traemos traéis traen 2. traje trajiste trajo trajisteis trajeron trajimos

22 1. To comeVenir Vengo Vienes viene Venimos Venís vienen 2. vine viniste vinó vininsteis vinieron vinimos

23 1. To knowsaber sé sabes sabe sabemos sabéis saben 2. supe supiste supo supisteis supieron supimos

24 1. To know, to be familiar with conocer conozco conoces conoce conocemos conocéis conocen 2. conocí conociste conoció conocisteis conocieron conocimos

25 1. To wash one’s self Lavarse Me lavo Te lavas Se lava Nos lavamos Os laváis Se lavan 2. me lavé te lavaste se lavó os lavasteis se lavaron nos lavamos

26 1. To go to bedacostarse Me acuesto Te acuestas Se acuesta Nos acostamos Os acostáis Se acuestan 2. me acosté te acostaste se acostó os acostasteis se acostaron nos acostamos

27 1. To enjoy one’s self, To have a good time divertirse me divierto te diviertes se divierte nos divertimos os divertís se divierten 2. me divertí te divertiste se divirtió os divertisteis se divirtieron nos divertimos

28 1. To walk andan ando andas anda andamos andar andáis 2. anduve anduviste anduvo anduvisteis anduvieron anduvimos

29 1. To say, to telldecir digo dices dice decimos decís dicen 2. dije dijiste dijo dijisteis dijeron dijimos

30 1. To ask for, to request pedir pido pides pide pedimos pedís piden 2. pedí pediste pidió pedisteis pidieron pedimos

31 1. To follow, to continue seguir sigo sigues sigue seguimos seguís siguen 2. seguí seguiste siguió seguisteis siguieron seguimos

32 1. To hearoír oigo oyes oye oímos oís oyen 2. oí oíste oyó oísteis oyeron oímos