El Pretérito Spanish II

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Transcripción de la presentación:

El Pretérito Spanish II

The Preterite = past tense There are 7 past tenses in Spanish! The PRETERITE is used the most. The Preterite = verbed in English example: We cooked. They ate paella. I washed the dog. The Preterite is over, done, finished

El Pretérito: The Preterite Key expressions: ayer ……………………………..yesterday anteayer ………………………day before yesterday anoche………………………….last night el otro día……………………..the other day En ese momento……………at that moment entonces………………………..then esta mañana………………….. This morning esta tarde………………………. la semana pasada…………last week

El Pretérito: The Preterite Key expressions (continued) el mes pasado……………….last month el año pasado………………..last year Hace dos días, años………. Two days ago, years ago ayer por la mañana………..yesterday morning Ayer por la tarde……………. Yesterday afternoon el verano pasado ………….last summer una vez………………...........one time Hace time period que ….Time period ago

Green Lights! -ar verbs: yo: -é nosotros: -amos tú: -aste vosotros: -asteis Usted: -ó Ustedes: -aron él/ella: ellos/ellas

Green Lights! ar verbs: Lavar (To wash) yo: Lavé nosotros: Lavamos tú: Lavaste vosotros: Lavasteis Usted: Lavó Ustedes: Lavaron él/ella: Lavó ellos/ellas Lavaron

Green Lights! yo: me bañé nosotros: nos bañamos -ar example: bañarse (to take a bath) This is a boot verb in the present but IT IS NOT a boot verb in the preterite! Put the reflexive me,te,se,nos,os,se BEFORE the conjugated verb! yo: me bañé nosotros: nos bañamos tú: te bañaste vosotros: os bañasteis Usted: se bañó Ustedes: se bañaron él/ella: se bañó ellos/ellas

Green Lights! -ar example: acostarse (to go to bed) This is a boot verb in the present but IT IS NOT a boot verb in the preterite! Put the reflexive me,te,se,nos,os,se BEFORE the conjugated verb! yo: me acosté nosotros: nos acostamos tú: te acostaste vosotros: os acostasteis Usted: se acostó Ustedes: se acostaron él/ella: ellos/ellas

Green Lights! -er and –ir verbs: yo: -í nosotros: -imos tú: -iste vosotros: -isteis Usted: -ió Ustedes: -ieron él/ella: ellos/ellas

Green Lights! -er and –ir verbs: Example: -er verbs: Beber = to drink yo: bebí nosotros: bebimos tú: bebiste vosotros: bebisteis Usted: bebió Ustedes: bebieron él/ella: bebió ellos/ellas: bebieron

Green Lights! Example: -er verbs: Correr = to run yo: corrí nosotros: corrimos tú: corriste vosotros: corristeis Usted: corrió Ustedes: corrieron él/ella: ellos/ellas

GREEN LIGHTS! Example: -ir verbs Abrir = to open yo: abrí nosotros: abrimos tú: abriste vosotros: abristeis Usted: abrió Ustedes: abrieron él/ella: abrió ellos/ellas: abrieron

GREEN LIGHTS! Example: -ir verbs Salir = to go out yo: salí nosotros: salimos tú: saliste vosotros: salisteis Usted: salió Ustedes: salieron él/ella: salió ellos/ellas: salieron

GREEN LIGHTS! Example: -ir verbs Escribir = to write yo: escribí nosotros: escribimos tú: escribiste vosotros: escribisteis Usted: escribió Ustedes: escribieron él/ella: ellos/ellas

Yellow Lights Yellow light verbs have the same endings AND the same accents as Green Light verbs Yellow light verbs have a spelling problem in the stem of the verb There are 3 kinds of Yellow Light verbs: 1. car, gar, zar 2. Y sandals 3. IR sandal verbs

Yellow Lights! CAR, GAR, ZAR verbs: CAR  QU (example: toqué) GAR  GU (example: entregué) ZAR  C (example: almorcé) FYI: The verbs make these spelling changes to keep the sound of the conjugation like the sound of the infinitive.

Yellow Lights! Y Sandal verbs: The change happens in the Ud/él/ella and Uds/ellos/ellas forms only. Examples: leer  leyó creer  creyeron oír  oyeron FYI: If the verb has an a, e, o before the –er/-ir ending, you have to change the I to Y so you can hear its sound. Otherwise its sound is lost to the stronger vowels.

Yellow Lights! IR Sandal verbs: These were –IR boot verbs in the present tense. These are the only boot verbs to worry about in the preterite!  The change only happens in the SANDAL (Ud/él/ella and Uds/ellos/ellas).

Yellow Lights! IR Sandal verbs: Examples: dormir  durmió vestirse  se vistió seguir  siguieron divertirse  se divirtieron

NO ACCENTS! WEIRD ENDINGS! RED LIGHTS! NO ACCENTS! WEIRD ENDINGS!

ir (to go) and ser (to be) fui fuimos fuiste fuisteis fue fueron RED LIGHTS! ir (to go) and ser (to be) fui fuimos fuiste fuisteis fue fueron

dar (to give) di dimos diste disteis dio dieron RED LIGHTS! dar (to give) di dimos diste disteis dio dieron

RED LIGHTS! estar (to be) tener (to have) andar (to walk) estuve estuvimos estuviste estuvisteis estuvo estuvieron (tener tuv__) (andar  anduv__)

RED LIGHTS! poder (to can) poner (to put) saber (to find out) pude pudimos pudiste pudisteis pudo pudieron (poner pus___) (saber  sup__)

RED LIGHTS! hacer (to do, to make) querer (to try to, to refuse to) venir (to come) hice hicimos hiciste hicisteis hizo hicieron (querer  quis__) (venir  vin__)

RED LIGHTS! decir (to say, to tell) traer (to bring) dije dijimos dijiste dijisteis dijo dijeron (traer  traj__)

RED LIGHTS! All verbs ending in –ducir conducir (to drive) conduje condujimos condujiste condujisteis condujo condujeron

One more thing… These verbs change meaning in the preterite: Saber - present tense: to know facts and information - preterite tense: to find out Conocer – present tense: to know people and places, to be acquainted with - preterite tense: to meet Querer – present tense: to want, to love - preterite tense: affirmative: to try to negative: to refuse to Poder – present tense: to can, to be able to - preterite tense: to can, to be able to, to manage to Tener – present tense: to have - preterite tense: to have, to get, to receive