El pretérito contra el imperfecto

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Transcripción de la presentación:

El pretérito contra el imperfecto Preterite vs imperfect

To conjugate regular –ar verbs in the imperfect add: Yo aba Nosotros Nosotras ábamos Tú abas Usted Él Ella Ustedes Ellos Ellas aban

To conjugate regular –er and –ir verbs in the imperfect add: Yo ía Nosotros Nosotras íamos Tú ías Usted Él Ella Ustedes Ellos Ellas ían

Irregular verbs Ir (to go) Yo iba Tú ibas Usted iba Él / Ella iba Nosotros Nosotras Íbamos Ustedes Ellos / Ellas iban Ser (to be) Yo era Tú eras Usted era Él / Ella era éramos Ellos / Ellas eran Ver (to see) Yo veía Tú veías Usted veía Él /Ella veía veíamos veían

Use the preterite tense for actions in the past that are completed and have a definite end. 1) Action finished and completed. Ex: Ernesto se casó la semana pasada. Ernesto got married last week. 2) Action expresses a series of distinct events in the past. Ex: La mujer apagó el carro y cerró la puerta. The woman turned off the car and closed the door.

The imperfect tense is used to express past actions that are not seen as completed. It is used: A) To express what was happening, used to happen, or happened repeatedly in the past. Ella hablaba mientras yo dormía. She was talking while I was sleeping. Vivíamos en Cuba. We used to live in Cuba. Bailábamos todos los fines de semana. We used to dance every weekend.

B) To describe persons, things, or situations in the past. Irma tenía los ojos verdes. Irma had green eyes. Era la mejor computadora. It was the best computer. C) To express the time of the day in the past. Eran las ocho. It was eight o’clock. D) In the construction hacía + an expression of time + que + the imperfect indicative, to describe an action or event that began in the past and continued in the past.

Hacía una hora que estudiaban. They had been studying for an hour. E) With the preterite, to describe what was going on in the past when another action or event occurred, that is, began or ended. Yo leía cuando mi hermano entró. I was reading when my brother entered. Ella limpiaba cuando su amigo llegó. She was cleaning when her friend arrived.

Palabras usadas con el imperfecto A menudo, A veces often Por las mañanas, tardes, etc In the morning... Muchas veces many times Varias veces sometimes Algunas veces sometimes De vez en cuando once in a while Todos los días, noches every day, night Cada día, noche, tarde. Each day, night, etc. Siempre always Nunca never Generalmente, usualmente, frecuentemente, etc.

Palabras usadas con el pretérito Ayer yesterday Anteayer the day before yesterday El año pasado La semana pasada El mes pasado El invierno pasado El verano pasado, etc. Anoche last night

Here are some examples to help you differentiate between the imperfect and the preterite: Preterite Imperfect Ella fue al cine ayer. Ella iba al cine cada viernes She went to the movies She used to go to the movies yesterday. every Friday. Me gustó la película. A usted le gustaba ver películas I liked the movie. de terror. You used to like to watch scary movies. Comenzó a llover por la noche. En el verano, llovía todas las It started raining at night. noches. In the summer, it rained every night. Anoche le escribí una carta. A veces le escribía cartas. Last night I wrote him a letter. Sometimes I wrote him letters.

Ejercicios Reemplace el verbo con letra cursiva por los verbos en paréntesis en el tiempo imperfecto. 1. El coronel respetaba al general. (obedecer, honrar, creer)_________,________,_________ 2. En el verano jugaban mucho al aire libre. (divertirse, cenar, quedarse) ____________,____________,_____________ 3. Todos los días regresaba aquí a las diez de la mañana. (despertarse, acostarse, estar)

4. El dependiente no sabía los precios 4. El dependiente no sabía los precios. (recordar, poner, establecer)_______,_______,________ 5. Elena llevaba una blusa blanca. (tener, querer, preferir)_________,__________,___________ 6. En enero nevaba en la ciudad. (llover, tronar, granizar)_________,___________,___________ 7. Hacía tiempo que vivían allí. (dormir, estar, permanecer)________,_________,__________ 8. A menudo escuchaba las campanas. (oír, mirar, ver)_________,__________,__________ 9. Siempre gastábamos poco dinero. (recibir, cobrar, merecer)________,________,_______