Albert Einstein
In 1905, when he was a young unknown physicist, he published his theory of special relativity. He deduced the equation of physics best known at the popular level: mass-energy equivalence.
In 1915, he presented the theory of general relativity, in which he completely reformulated the concept of gravity.
For his explanations about the photoelectric effect and his numerous contributions to theoretical physics, in 1921 he won the Nobel Prize in Physics.
He died on April 18, 1955 due to internal hemorrhage.