Por y para You’ve probably noticed that there are two ways to express “for” in Spanish: Por Para Other translations in context may include: by, through,

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Transcripción de la presentación:

Por y para You’ve probably noticed that there are two ways to express “for” in Spanish: Por Para Other translations in context may include: by, through, in order to, along, in favor of, instead of and more

Some preliminaries Think of some examples that you already know: Por favor. Por el momento. ¿Hay un banco por aquí? Este regalo es para ti. Trabajo para un restaurante chino.

What’s the difference? There is a difference in the way that the objects of the prepositions are perceived. Rather than give you a long theoretical explanation, I’ll give you an acronym for para: P.E.R.F.E.C.T.

P.E.R.F.E.C.T. Use para when talking about: Purpose: “in order to”: used together with an infinitive. Effect that something has on something else. Recipient Future dates, deadlines, or events Employment Comparison Toward a specific place

Purpose Purpose: “in order to”: used together with an infinitive. Estudio para sacar buenas notas.

Effect Effect that something has on something else. Voy a la universidad para ser profesor de español.

Recipient Recipient: the person or entity that receives something: Este regalo es para ti.

Future Future dates, deadlines, or events Esta tarea es para mañana y el proyecto es para el lunes.

Employment Employment Trabajo para un restaurante chileno.

Comparison Comparison Para un niño de cinco años, lee y escribe muy bien.

Toward (destination) Toward a specific place Camina para el parque.

What about ‘por’? Essentially, por is used in all instances when P.E.R.F.E.C.T. does not apply. However, if you like to collect acronyms, here is one to use with por: A.T.R.A.C.T.E.D This acronym covers many, but not all, of the main uses of por. There are many idiomatic expressions that use por.

A.T.R.A.C.T.E.D. Use por when talking about: Around a place Through a place Reason After, as in “going to get something” Cost Thanks Exchange Duration

Around Around a place ¿Hay un banco por aquí?

Through Through a place Paso por el parque todos los días.

Reason Reason ¿Por qué llegaste tarde? Por el tráfico.

After After, as in “going to get something”; usually used after ir. Voy al supermercado por pan y leche.

Cost Cost Pagué 20 euros por esta chaqueta.

Thanks Thanks: use por after “gracias.” Gracias por la ayuda.

Exchange Exchange Quiero cambiar estos zapatos rojos por esos negros.

Duration Duration He vivido aquí por más de diez años.

Idiomatic Expressions with POR Por aquí – this way Por ahora – for now Por complete – completely Por ejemplo – for example Por la mañana/tarde/noche – in the morning, afternoon, (at) night Por lo demás – furthermore Por lo menos – at least Por fin – finally, at last Por desgracia – unfortunatlety Por supuesto – of course Por eso – that´s why Por favor – please Por primera vez – for the first time Por otra parte – on the other hand Por lo tanto - therefore

Limpié la casa ___ mi amiga. Para Use para to indicate the recipient of an action.

Fue a la tienda ____ comprar leche. Para “Comprar la leche” is the purpose for the trip, so para is used.

Quiero cambiar este libro ___ el otro. Por This is an Exchange so por is used.

Hablamos ___ teléfono. Por Por is used to describe the method by which an action is carried out.

Escribe a máquina a sesenta palabras ___ minuto Por “Minuto” is a duration of time so “por” is used

Me gusta hacer compras ___ internet. Por Por is used to describe the method by which an action is completed.

Haremos reservaciones en el hotel ____ la próxima semana. Para Use para to indicate a specific time in the future

Pancho saldrá _____ Europa mañana. Para Europa is the desination so para is used

Vamos a Perú ___ las vacaciones. Para Perú is the desination so para is used

Este pastel es ___ mi madre. Para The phrase “mi madre” is the recipient of “este pastel” so para is used

Gracias ___ invitarme a tu fiesta. Por Por is used to express thanks / gratitude

Estamos volando ___ 3 horas. Por Por is used for duration of time

Tiene que devolver el libro ____ el 21 de junio. para “El 21 de junio” is a deadline so para is used

Estas flores son ___ ti. para “Ti” is a recipient so para is used

La chica está en la clase ____ estudiar matemáticas para Para is used to express purpose

Ella compró el vestido __ 20 euros. por This ia an Exchange so por is used

___ fin mi hijo se graduó de la universidad. por Idiomatic expression

¡Ayúdeme, ___ favor! por Idiomatic expression

María estudia ____ dentista. para Dentista is a goal so para is goal

Tengo que escribir el papel ___ el lunes para El lunes is a deadline so para is used

Iremos a estar en España ____ tres semanas. por Duration of time

Viajaré en coche ___ 8 horas. por Duration of time

El tren saldrá ____ Chile a las dos. para Chile is a destination so para is used

Caminamos ___ el parque a la escuela. por We are moving through space so por is used

Let’s practice! ¿A qué hora trabajas en el restaurante? Trabajo ____ la tarde. Trabajo por la tarde.

Otro, por favor… ¿Adónde vas? Voy al mercado. ¿___ qué? Voy ____ fruta fresca. Quiero comprar fresas, manzanas, uvas, y peras _____ hacer una ensalada de frutas.

Las respuestas: ¿Adónde vas? Voy al mercado. ¿Por qué? Voy por fruta fresca. Quiero comprar fresas, manzanas, uvas, y peras para hacer una ensalada de frutas.

Un ejercicio más ¿Dónde trabajas? Trabajo ____ Microtel. ¿Y qué haces allí? Preparo informes [reports] ____ clientes internacionales. Parece aburrido. ¿Te gusta? ____ un trabajo de oficina, no está mal. Preparo dos o tres informes ____ semana.

Las respuestas: ¿Dónde trabajas? Trabajo para Microtel. ¿y qué haces allí? Preparo informes [reports] para clientes internacionales. Parece aburrido. ¿Te gusta? Para un trabajo de oficina, no está mal. Preparo dos o tres informes por semana.

Perfect Atracted! That’s all for now. Remember the acronym P.E.R.F.E.C.T. for “para.” You can either use “por” for all other cases, or you can remember the acronym A.T.R.A.C.T.E.D.