World War 1 1914-1918 The Cause La Causa

The Causes of WW1 Militarism - policy of glorifying power and keeping an army prepared for war Militarismo: política de glorificar el poder y mantener un ejército preparado para la guerra Alliances – a  formal  agreement  between  two or more nations to cooperate  for  specific purposes. Alianzas: un acuerdo formal entre dos o más naciones para cooperar con fines específicos. Nationalism – policy of national pride Nacionalismo - política de orgullo nacional Imperialism – the act of building an empire through colonies Imperialismo: el acto de construir un imperio a través de las colonias

Militarismo Alemania estaba compitiendo con el Reino Unido para construir acorazados. Los británicos temían un ataque contra su Imperio Germany was competing with the UK to build battleships. The British feared an attack on their Empire

Militarismo Alemania estaba compitiendo con Rusia y Francia para expandir sus ejércitos Germany was competing with Russia and France to expand their armies 1880 1914 Germany/ 1.3m 5.0m France 0.73m 4.0m Russia 0.40m 1.2m

Alianzas Principales poderes vinculados por un sistema de alianzas. Hay 2 grupos principales de Alianza en Europa. Major powers linked by a system of alliances. There are 2 main Alliance groups in Europe.

1st Alianzas Triple Entente o Poderes Aliados: Inglaterra, Francia y Rusia Triple Entente or Allied Powers- England, France, & Russia

2nd Alianzas Triple Alianza: Alemania, Austria-Hungría e Italia. Renombrado más tarde a los poderes centrales: Alemania, Austria, Hungría y el Imperio Otomano. Italia dejó la alianza al comienzo de la guerra Triple Alliance- Germany, Austria-Hungary, & Italy. Renamed Later to Central Powers- Germany, Austria Hungary, & the Ottoman Empire. Italy left the alliance at beginning of the war

Imperialismo Todas las grandes potencias estaban compitiendo por colonias / territorio. Los británicos temían a Alemania en África. Los austriacos temían a Serbia / Rusia en los Balcanes All the great powers were competing for colonies / territory. The British feared Germany in Africa. The Austrians feared Serbia / Russia in the Balkans

Nationalismo Las naciones querían afirmar su poder e independencia. En Europa, los eslavos, con la ayuda de Serbia y Rusia, querían liberarse del dominio austriaco. Nations wanted to assert their power and independence. In Europe Slavs, aided by Serbia and Russia, wanted to be free of Austrian rule. Serbia’s national flag

La Crisis 28 de junio de 1914 Franz Ferdinand visita Sarajevo. Semillero del nacionalismo eslavo 28 June 1914 Franz Ferdinand visits Sarajevo. Hotbed of Slavic nationalism Seal of the Black Hand group

La Crisis “Black Hand” terrorists attack the Arch Duke Gavrilo Princip shoots Archduke and wife in the afternoon. Austrians blame Serbia

La Crisis Austrians, supported by Germany, send Serbia terms Serbia agrees to all but two terms Russia mobilises her troops to support Serbia Germany demands that Russia stands her armies down. Germany declares war on Russia “Demands must be put to Serbia that would be wholly impossible for them to accept …”

Why did Britain get involved? Britain had Ententes with France and Russia. Only “friendly agreements” but French and Russians given impression Britain would fight. Sir Edward Grey British Foreign Secretary … “There’s some devilry going on in Berlin”

The Schlieffen Plan Germany’s military plan to defeat France first and then Russia. “Knock out blow” aimed at France first. Avoid French defences by invasion of Belgium. Germans thought Britain would not intervene.

Britain’s Reaction 1838- UK signed a Treaty to protect Belgium. Britain also scared of Germany controlling Channel ports. Did not want Germany to dominate Europe. UK told Germany to withdraw troops from Belgium. War declared August 4 1914