Lesson_11_Grammar Subject Pronouns, Ser and Estar.

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Transcripción de la presentación:

Lesson_11_Grammar Subject Pronouns, Ser and Estar

Verbs change forms according to who is doing the action. The who is described by the subject pronoun: Subject Pronouns (Who) SingularPlural YoINosotrosWe TúYouVosotrosYall Él Ella Ud. He She Thou Ellos Ellas Uds. They (male) They (female) Thou all

Ser and Estar Both mean to be, but they are used to express different ideas.

Ser is irregular; you have to memorize all of the forms Serto be SingularPlural YoSoyNosotrosSomos TúEresVosotrosSois Él Ella Ud. Es Ellos Ellas Uds. Son

Estar is irregular; you have to memorize all of the forms Estarto be SingularPlural YoEstoyNosotrosEstamos TúEstásVosotrosEstáis Él Ella Ud. Está Ellos Ellas Uds. Están

Ser describes characteristics. Sr. Burroughs es feo. El bebé Burroughs es guapo. Los Lakers son mendigos. Tú eres baboso. These characteristics are not going to change any time soon.

Ser also describes professions: Srta. Duncan es directora de escuela. Vlade Divac y Chris Webber son basquetbolistas. Michael Jackson es cantante. Yo soy Batman.

Other uses of ser. Ser describes the time: Son las tres de la tarde Ser tells where an event takes place. El juego es en el gimnasio. La fiesta es en la casa del Sr. Ortega.

Estar describes conditions: Health: Estoy enfermo. El carro está descompuesto (broken down) Emotion: Está triste. Temperature: El caldo está caliente.

Estar describes location. Estamos en clase. Sacramento está en California. Estoy en mi casa.

Irregularities: Life and death are considered conditions in Spanishwe use Estar. Tupac está muerto. Elvis no está vivo. Estar + past participle indicates a condition that is the result of a previous actioneven if the condition is permanent. El carro del Sr. Burroughs está pintada de rosa. Estoy fregado.

Expressions with estar: Estar de acuerdo To be in agreement (to agree) Estar de buen (mal) humor To be in a good (bad) mood Estar de vacaciones To be on vacation Estar en cama To be (sick) in bed Estar de viaje To be (away) on a trip Estar de vuelta To be back Estar para + infinitive To be about to…

Some adjectives change meaning depending on ser or estar. AdjectiveWith serWith estar Aburrido(a)BoringBored VerdeGreenGreen (not ripe) Malo(a)BadSick ListoSmart/cleverReady