Calentamiento 1.List all the clothing items you are wearing with the color –Una camisa roja –Unos pantalones cortos de color caqui 2.Write a sentence telling what the teacher is wearing (shirt, pants & shoes) with color and material –Tell one thing for each –Include the objects color & material Speedy Gonzalez lleva un sombrero amarillo de algodón y una camisa de colores de algodón 3.Pre-write pages

SPAN 1412: Capítulo 8 – semana 1 Lunes 25 –MSL tonight!! –Quizlet 251 (due tomorrow!) Martes 26 –Dibujos (due Thurs) –Libro 8-4, 8-6 –pre-write (for today!!) Miércoles 27 –Libro 8-7, 8-9 –Prewrite 258 for tomorrow! – MSL Jueves 28 –Estudia para la prueba –Libro 8-12 –pre-write 263 –MSL Viernes 1 –Donde lo compras (lunes) –MSL Calentamiento 2/27 Escribe todo el vocabulario de la página 251 en Quizlet Lee la página 250 –Haz una lista de TODA el vocabulario que no entiendes

Calentamiento Give a sentence telling what the teacher is wearing & what someone else is wearing also. –Tell three things for each –Include the objects color & material Speedy Gonzalez lleva un sombrero amarillo de algodón y una camisa de colores de algodón –Pre-write: La profesora lleva una camisa gris de algodón, unos pantalones cortos negros de algodón y unos zapatos negros de cuero.

Calentamiento Give a sentence telling what the teacher is wearing & what someone else is wearing also. –Tell one thing for each –Include the objects color & material Speedy Gonzalez lleva un sombrero amarillo de algodón y una camisa de colores de algodón La señorita Meinecke lleva una camisa/blusa negra de seda, unos pantalones de lana y zapatos de cuero. PANTALONES CORTOS (CAQUIS)

The imperfect tense (El tiempo imperfecto) Antes, siempre hacía mis compras en las mejores boutiques. Sí, pero con las rebajas que ofrecen en este almacén... ¡qué ganga!

El pasado en español Two past tenses in Spanish –Preterite I ate a banana Yo comí un plátano –Imperfect Ongoing in the past I was ____. I used to ____. 8 de marzo de 2011 presentepasadofuturo X Preterit -I ate a banana Imperfect -I was eating a banana -I used to eat bananas Yo como plátanos.

1.A continuous past action or state. 1.When I was in school, it was popular to wear big clothes. 1.Cuando estaba en la escuela era popular llevar ropa grande. 2.Repeated, habitual, or continuous actions in the past. 1.Cuando tenía quince años, leía revistas sobre gente famosa 1.When I was 15, I used to read magazines about famous people. 3.Two simultaneous activities 1.La presentadora explicaba los estilos nuevos mientras los modelos caminaban por la pasarela. 1.The presenter explained the new styles as the models walked down the runway. The imperfect is used to describe:

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Imperfect -ar -aba -abas -aba -ábamos abais aban

habl aba The conjugation of -ar verbs habl abas aba ábamos abais aban There are no irregular -ar verbs in the imperfect! Notice the written accent mark! only on the nosotros form Just as with other tenses, we always start with the stem of the verb. hablar

Imperfect –er/-ir -ía - ías - ía - íamos -íais -ían

com ía com ías ía íamos íais ían All forms have a written accent over the í. The conjugation of -er verbs comer

escrib ía escrib ías ía íamos íais ían The conjugation of -ir verbs All forms have a written accent over the í. escribir Notice that the conjugation of -ir verbs is identical to that of -er verbs.

era eras era éramos erais eran There are only three irregular verbs! ser Notice the written accent mark! only on the nosotros form

iba ibas iba íbamos ibais iban There are only three irregular verbs! ir Notice the written accent mark! only on the nosotros form

veía veías veía veíamos veíais veían There are only three irregular verbs! All forms have a written accent over the í. ver

Calentamiento Write 5 sentences using the prompts in exercise 8-9 telling what you & the people in the first column used to do (imperfect) and what you/they do now (present) about the topics in column 2 complete B anc C from the Grammar Tutor (yesterdays worksheet)

A practicar… 1.Yo/correr mucho 2.Mi hermana/saltar cuerda (jump rope) 3.Mis padres/jugar a las damas (play checkers) 4.Mis hermanos/columpiarse (swing) 5.Nosotros/jugar al escondite (play hide & seek) 6.Nosotros/soler (to tend to) comer en el patio 7.Mi madre/coleccionar láminas (collect stickers) TAREA: 8-10, 8-11

8-10 El reino inca. Aquí tienes una descripción de la gran civilización inca, la más importante de Sudamérica, que incluía lo que hoy es el Perú y el Ecuador. Subraya los verbos en el imperfecto e identifica el infinitivo. Cuando los españoles llegaron a Sudamérica, se encontraron con el reino inca, una civilización indígena muy avanzada. El reino inca se extendía desde la región cercana a la línea ecuatorial y a lo largo de la costa del Pacífico, hasta lo que hoy es el norte de Chile. Por el este se extendía a través de los Andes hasta partes de la Argentina y Bolivia. Aquel inmenso imperio se llamaba Tahuantinsuyu en quechua, la lengua de los incas. Su nombre quería decir las cuatro partes, que representaban los cuatro puntos cardinales: norte, sur, este y oeste. En su capital, Cuzco, ahora una ciudad importante del Perú, los incas construyeron edificios de enormes bloques de piedras que se encajaban (fitted) tan perfectamente que no era posible insertar un cuchillo (knife) entre ellos. Aunque la arquitectura de los edificios era de aspecto severo, éstos estaban adornados con planchas (sheets) y ornamentos de oro. Los incas llamaban a este metal las lágrimas (tears) del sol. (A la plata se le llamaba las lágrimas de la luna.) En el interior de los templos brillaban esos metales preciosos. Los incas construyeron un impresionante sistema de regadío (irrigation) y terrazas escalonadas (stair step) en las faldas de las montañas para cultivar verduras.

8-11 ¿Cómo era el reino inca? Contesta ahora las siguientes preguntas, basándote en la actividad ¿Cómo era el reino inca? Era muy avanzado. 2. ¿Qué países de hoy formaban parte del reino? El Ecuador, el Perú, Chile, la Argentina y Bolivia. 3. ¿Qué idioma hablaban? Hablaban quechua. 4. ¿Cuál era su capital? Era Cuzco. 5. ¿Qué decoraciones usaban en sus edificios? Usaban planchas de oro. 6. ¿Qué significaba el oro para ellos? Significaba lágrimas del sol. 7. ¿Qué significaba la plata para ellos?

The imperfect is always used to express age and time of day in the past: Yo tenía quince años cuando aprendí a manejar. Eran las diez cuando el tren llegó a la estación. The use of the imperfect I was fifteen years old when I learned to drive. It was ten oclock when the train arrived at the station.

While the preterit tense is used to describe actions viewed as completed, the imperfect is used to... Express ongoing actions and states in the past, without reference to their beginning or ending Express mental, physical, and emotional states in the past Describe scenarios and situations in the past Express indirect statements Express that which happened habitually The use of the imperfect

One of the classic uses of the imperfect is to describe our childhood habits and activities: Expressing the habitual (used to, would) Cuando yo era niño, yo siempre estudiaba solo en mi cuarto.... jugaba con mis amiguitos todos los días. The use of the imperfect When I was a child, I always studied (used to study) alone in my room.... would play with my friends every day.

Expressing the habitual (used to, would)... comía cereal cada mañana.... leía libros de cuentos todo el tiempo.... iba todos los veranos a Disneylandia con mis padres. The use of the imperfect Cuando yo era niño, yo... When I was a child, I used to eat cereal every morning.... read storybooks all the time.... would go to Disneyland every summer with my parents.

Expressing the habitual (used to, would) Pedro comía en ese restaurante todos los sábados. The use of the imperfect Pedro used to eat at that restaurant every Saturday. Of course, the imperfect is not limited to discussing childhood activities. Any habitual activities are expressed in the imperfect. Ana iba de compras todo el tiempo. Ana used to go shopping all the time.

While the preterit tense is used to describe actions viewed as completed, the imperfect is used to... Express ongoing actions and states in the past, without reference to their beginning or ending Express mental, physical, and emotional states in the past Describe scenarios and situations in the past Express indirect statements Express that which happened habitually The use of the imperfect

The imperfect expresses something that was happening at a given time, without reference to its beginning or ending: Expressing the ongoing (was... ing) Roberto estudiaba en su cuarto. Elena lavaba los platos en la cocina. Ayer a eso de las cuatro yo leía el periódico mientras mi esposa miraba la tele. The use of the imperfect Roberto was studying in his room. Elena was washing the dishes in the kitchen. Yesterday around four oclock I was reading the newspaper while my wife was watching TV.

Frequently the ongoing action is interrupted by another abrupt or completed action that is expressed, of course, in the preterit: Roberto estudiaba en su cuarto cuando el teléfono sonó. Elena lavaba los platos en la cocina cuando alguien tocó a la puerta. The use of the imperfect Expressing the ongoing (was... ing) Roberto was studying in his room when the phone rang. Elena was washing the dishes in the kitchen when someone knocked at the door.

Frequently the ongoing action is interrupted by another abrupt or completed action that is expressed, of course, in the preterit: Conversábamos con el dependiente cuando Lourdes entró en la joyería. Las chicas salían de la tienda cuando Jorge las vio. The use of the imperfect Expressing the ongoing (was... ing) We were talking with the clerk when Lourdes entered the jewelry store. The girls were leaving the store when Jorge saw them.

While the preterit tense is used to describe actions viewed as completed, the imperfect is used to... Express ongoing actions and states in the past, without reference to their beginning or ending Express mental, physical, and emotional states in the past Describe scenarios and situations in the past Express indirect statements Express that which happened habitually The use of the imperfect

Expressing mental, physical and emotional states Alicia estaba contenta durante el concierto. Nos sentíamos mal después de comer allí. The use of the imperfect Alicia was happy during the concert. We felt sick after eating there. De niño yo siempre creía en Santa Claus. As a child I always believed in Santa Claus. Los estudiantes no querían estudiar aunque sabían que era necesario. The students didnt want to study even though they knew that it was necessary.

While the preterit tense is used to describe actions viewed as completed, the imperfect is used to... Express ongoing actions and states in the past, without reference to their beginning or ending Express mental, physical, and emotional states in the past Describe scenarios and situations in the past Express indirect statements Express that which happened habitually The use of the imperfect

Describing scenarios and situations Era un día triste. Hacía muy mal tiempo y llovía. Yo leía en mi cuarto y esperaba una llamada telefónica. Anita practicaba el piano en la sala y los niños jugaban a la pata coja en el garaje. The use of the imperfect It was a sad day. The weather was very bad and it was raining. I was reading in my room and waiting for a telephone call. Anita was practicing the piano in the living room and the children were playing hopscotch in the garage.

While the preterit tense is used to describe actions viewed as completed, the imperfect is used to... Express ongoing actions and states in the past, without reference to their beginning or ending Express mental, physical, and emotional states in the past Describe scenarios and situations in the past Express indirect statements Express that which happened habitually The use of the imperfect

Expressing indirect statements Carlos dijo que Juan venía a mi casa a las ocho. Los agentes afirmaron que los espías hablaban muy bien el inglés. El volante policíaco dice que el delincuente era bajo y cojeaba un poco. The use of the imperfect Carlos said that Juan was coming to my house at eight oclock. The agents affirmed that the spies spoke English very well. The police flyer states that the criminal was short and limped somewhat.

2.Habitual action 1.Age and time of day in the past Yo tenía treinta años cuando me casé. Overview of the use of the imperfect I was thirty years old when I got married. Eran las tres cuando Hugo llegó. It was three oclock when Hugo arrived. De niño, yo siempre comía cereal. As a child, I always used to eat cereal. Íbamos al parque con frecuencia. We would go to the park frequently. Hablábamos español en nuestra casa. We spoke Spanish in our house.

3.Ongoing action 4.Descriptionsetting the scene Overview of the use of the imperfect Carlos leía el periódico mientras su hijo cortaba el césped. Carlos was reading the newspaper while his son was mowing the lawn. Era un día muy lúgubre. El cielo estaba nublado y llovía a cántaros. It was a very gloomy day. The sky was cloudy and it was raining cats and dogs.

5.Mental, physical, and emotional states 6.Indirect statements Overview of the use of the imperfect Juan pensaba que necesitaba más dinero del que tenía para el viaje. Juan thought that he needed more money than he had for the trip. Pancho dijo que su hermano vendía su coche. Pancho said that his brother was selling his car.

FIN