Preterite or Imperfect?

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Preterite vs Imperfect
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Transcripción de la presentación:

Preterite or Imperfect? You’ve probably realized that Spanish has lots of tricky “pairs”: Ser/estar Por/para Masculine/feminine Here’s another one: Preterite/imperfect

Preterite or Imperfect? Spanish has two basic ways to talk about the past: Preterite Imperfect There are also others you would learn about in later Spanish courses. In this slide show, we’ll look at some the differences in how each tense in used.

Preterite Let’s review some of the main uses of the preterite. This verb tense is used when we talk about a past action that happened one time OR interrupted something already going on OR was the beginning of an event OR was the end of an event.

Past actions that happen once Juan se levantó a las 6:00. Gloria llegó tarde a clase. Fui a España el verano pasado. ¿Hiciste la tarea?

Interruptions El teléfono sonó [rang] mientras [while] yo dormía.

The beginning of an event Cristóbal Colón llegó a las Américas en 1492. La película empezó a las 3:00.

The end of an event Terminé el proyecto a la medianoche. Los Osos de Chicago ganaron el campeonato de fútbol americano.

Imperfect Next let’s review some of the main uses of the imperfect. This verb tense is used when we talk about a past action that happened many times OR was in progress (“was …ing”) OR described a condition.

Repeated or habitual actions in the past Don Diego fumaba puros [cigars] cubanos. Cuando yo tenía 15 años, vivía en Miami.

Past action in progress A las 3:00, los estudiantes escuchaban mientras la profesora hablaba. El teléfono sonó [rang] mientras [while] yo dormía. ¿Qué hacías ayer a las 4:00?

Description of a condition Here’s an acronym to help you organize descriptions in the past: AL WEPT

AL WEPT A: age, attitude, appearance Cuando yo tenía 15 años… …no me gustaba comer zanahorias. De niña, Marta era muy alta.

AL WEPT L: location La chica acampaba en el bosque. Estaba allí dos semanas.

AL WEPT W: weather Hacía muy mal tiempo durante mis vacaciones.

AL WEPT P: physical attributes Mi padre era muy alto y mi madre era muy baja.

AL WEPT T: time Eran las 4:00 y todos teníamos mucha hambre.

Let’s practice! Choose the appropriate preterite or imperfect form. Fueron/Eran las diez de la mañana y hizo/hacía buen tiempo. >>Eran las diez de la mañana y hacía buen tiempo.

Otro ejercicio, por favor. Ella fue/era joven y bonita. Ella era joven y bonita.

Un ejemplo más… Los niños jugaron/jugaban al fútbol en el parque. Su madre leía/leyó una novela debajo de un árbol. De pronto, uno de los niños caía/cayó [fell], se golpeaba/golpeó [hit] la cabeza, y empezaba/empezó a llorar.

Las respuestas: Los niños jugaban al fútbol en el parque. Su madre leía una novela debajo de un árbol. De pronto, uno de los niños cayó, se golpeó la cabeza, y empezó a llorar.

Y por fin… Dormía/dormí como un tronco [like a log] cuando sonaba/sonó el teléfono. Me levantaba/levanté, iba/fui a la sala de estar, y descolgaba/descolgué [picked up] el teléfono.

Y las respuestas… Dormía como un tronco cuando sonó el teléfono. Me levanté, fui a la sala de estar, y descolgué el teléfono.

That’s all, folks! Preterite Imperfect one-time past event OR interruption OR the beginning or end of an event. Imperfect Repeated/habitual past action OR was in progress (“was …ing”) OR described a condition.