SUBJUNTIVO Subjunctive Mood
SUBJUNTIVO When you talk about hypothetical actions, or things that arent going on at any specific time, you usually say if you were to do something or you would do something. To say these in spanish, you use the subjunctive tense.
SUBJUNCTIVE The Subjunctive form has similar conjugation rules to the present tense. EXCEPT: The endings for -ar verbs are switched to e, es, e, emos, and en. The endings for -er and -ir verbs switch to a, as, a, amos, and an. START W/ the YO form! (SAME as Ud. command!!)
SUBJUNCTIVE EXAMPLE: START W/ the YO form! (SAME as Ud. command!!) pongo ponga … PONER: ponga, pongas, ponga, pongamos, pongan COMPRAR: compre, compres, compre, compremos, compren
SUBJUNTIVO -AR and -ER STEM-CHANGING VERBS: Subjunctive shares the same stem-changing rules as present-tense stem-changing verbs. (Note: you still need to conjugate the verb into the subjunctive.) e – ie -or- o – ue -or- e - i The nosotros form never undergoes a stem change for -AR and -ER verbs. (Hint: NO on NOsotros!)
SUBJUNTIVO -IR STEM CHANGING VERBS The stem-changing rules for the -ar and -er verbs remains the same for -ir verbs except for the nosotros form. The nosotros form stem-changes only in this way: e i -or- o u
SUBJUNTIVO -AR & -ER Verbs (stem-changers) -Cerrar Cierre Cerremos -Volver Vuelva Volvamos -Contar Cuente Contemos -Entender Entienda Entendamos -IR Verbs (stem-changers) -Sentir Sienta Sintamos -Pedir Pida Pidamos -Dormir Duerma Durmamos -Morir Muera Muramos
SUBJUNTIVO - IRREGULARES Memorize these! -dar dé-demos -estar esté-estemos -ir vaya -vayamos -ser sea-seamos saber sepa-sepamos haber haya-hayamos
SPELLING CHANGES These verbs have special spelling changes in the ending, and need to be memorized. -car que (sacar saque) -cer/-cir zca (conocer conozca) -gar gue (pagar pague) -ger/gir ja (escoger escoja)
Irregular Verbs Memorize the verbs on page 205 in the Barrera. After youve learned the properties of the subjunctive by heart, the only things you need to memorize are these irregular verbs. Focus on the two stem-changing letters, and the change in the endings.
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