Imperfecto vs. Pretérito

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Transcripción de la presentación:

Imperfecto vs. Pretérito Paola Barrera TEC 551 January 17, 2016

Preterit vs. Imperfect First of all, Preterit and Preterite are not the same! Second, Imperfect and Preterit are both used in Spanish to talk about the past. In this presentation we will learn how to identify, use, and apply them in context.

Preterit or imperfect? Spanish has two basic ways to talk about the past: Preterite Imperfect There are also others you would learn about in later Spanish courses. In this slide show, we’ll look at some the differences in how each tense in used.

Imperfect Yo cantaba Tú cantabas Usted cantaba Ella/él cantaba Nosotros cantábamos Ellos/Ellas cantaban Ustedes cantaban Yo corría Tú corrías Usted corría Ella/él corría Nosotros corríamos Ellos/Ellas corrían Ustedes corrían

Preterit Yo canté Tú cantaste Usted cantó Ella/él cantó Nosotros cantamos Ellos/Ellas cantaron Ustedes cantaron Yo corrí Tú corriste Usted corrío Ella/él corrío Nosotros corrimos Ellos/Ellas corrieron Ustedes corrieron

Preterite Let’s review some of the main uses of the preterite. This verb tense is used when we talk about a past action that happened one time OR interrupted something already going on OR was the beginning of an event OR was the end of an event.

Past actions that happen once Juan se levantó a las 6:00. Gloria llegó tarde a clase. Fui a España el verano pasado. ¿Hiciste la tarea?

Interruptions El teléfono sonó [rang] mientras [while] yo dormía.

The beginning of an event Cristóbal Colón llegó a las Américas en 1492. La película empezó a las 3:00.

The end of an event Terminé el proyecto a la medianoche. Los Osos de Chicago ganaron el campeonato de fútbol americano.

Imperfect Next let’s review some of the main uses of the imperfect. This verb tense is used when we talk about a past action that happened many times OR was in progress (“was …ing”) OR described a condition.

Repeated or habitual actions in the past Don Diego fumaba puros [cigars] cubanos. Cuando yo tenía 15 años, vivía en Miami.

Past action in progress A las 3:00, los estudiantes escuchaban mientras la profesora hablaba. El teléfono sonó [rang] mientras [while] yo dormía. ¿Qué hacías ayer a las 4:00?

Description of a condition Here’s an acronym to help you organize descriptions in the past: AL WEPT

AL WEPT A: age, attitude, appearance Cuando yo tenía 15 años… …no me gustaba comer zanahorias. De niña, Marta era muy alta.

AL WEPT L: location La chica acampaba en el bosque. Estaba allí dos semanas.

AL WEPT W: weather Hacía muy mal tiempo durante mis vacaciones.

AL WEPT P: physical attributes Mi padre era muy alto y mi madre era muy baja.

AL WEPT T: time Eran las 4:00 y todos teníamos mucha hambre.

Use the imperfect for: Repetitive actions in the past Los lunes y miécoles practicaba fútbol Describe actions or characterístics in the past Todos estaban cansados después de la clase Knowing the beginning or the end is not important Cuando tenía cinco años, vivía en Ecuador

Use the Preterit for: A physical or mental change Specify a time limit Quise llorar cuando supe la noticia. Describe a sequence of actions or events Entró a casa, buscó las llaves y salió corriendo Specify a time limit Estuvo en casa toda la mañana

Use both Preterit and Imperfect for: To report what was said… (OIR, LEER, DECIR) Max y Matt oyeron que Halle estaba en una reunión. Hanna leyó que Catherine Zeta Jones sufría de bipolaridad Jesse dijo que el Lebron era el mejor jugador del mundo.

Use both Preterit and Imperfect for: To express why something was done or not: Iba a visitarte pero tuve que hacer la tarea. Ibamos a bailar con mis amigos pero no teníamos carro. Iba a participar en el concurso pero me enfermé

Let’s practice Choose the appropriate preterite or imperfect form. Fueron/Eran las diez de la mañana y hizo/hacía buen tiempo. >>Eran las diez de la mañana y hacía buen tiempo.

One more… Ella fue/era joven y bonita. Ella era joven y bonita.

You can do this one! Los niños jugaron/jugaban al fútbol en el parque. Su madre leía/leyó una novela debajo de un árbol. De pronto, uno de los niños caía/cayó [fell], se golpeaba/golpeó [hit] la cabeza, y empezaba/empezó a llorar.

You can do this one! Los niños jugaban al fútbol en el parque. Su madre leía una novela debajo de un árbol. De pronto, uno de los niños cayó [fell], se golpeó [hit] la cabeza, y empezó a llorar.

This is the last one! Dormía/dormí como un tronco [like a log] cuando sonaba/sonó el teléfono. Me levantaba/levanté, iba/fui a la sala de estar, y descolgaba/descolgué [picked up] el teléfono.

This is the last one! Dormía como un tronco [like a log] cuando sonó el teléfono. Me levanté, fui a la sala de estar, y descolgué [picked up] el teléfono.

That’s all, folks! Preterite Imperfect one-time past event OR interruption OR the beginning or end of an event. Imperfect Repeated/habitual past action OR was in progress (“was …ing”) OR described a condition.

TUTORIALS Videos that will surely help! Watch these before attempting to practice or the online activities

Translations

How to distinguish

Interrupting Actions

Online practice Click on each link and whoe me your progress in the day assigned. This is a timed experience that must be fulfilled by the end of class.

Practice and show me your progress Online practice Test Flashcards Rags to riches Know your purpose

Cuando era niño What are you required to do….

Need examples?

If technology does not work In case Plan B is needed, the following will happen: Instruction on the board will take place. Handout with rules and practice will be given Practice worksheet will be provided A quiz will be adminsitered as an assessment

Plan B Chart  Practice Worksheet  Quiz 

Quiz Retrieved from http://www.studyspanish.com/practice/pretimp2.p df