Introduction al presente subjuntivo Maestra: Ana Estevez de Klein La maestra no quiere que tú duermas en la clase

The subjunctive/ el subjunctive The subjunctive (subjunctivo) is one of three moods in Spanish (indicative, imperative, and subjunctive). A mood is a grammatical term which helps categorize verb tenses. The subjunctive mood is used more frequently in Spanish than in English.

Rules for regular verbs The present (or present simple) is the most basic tense in the subjunctive mood. For most verbs, the present subjunctive is formed by dropping the -o ending from the first person singular yo of the present indicative and adding the present subjunctive endings. The present subjunctive endings are different for –ar verbs (–e, -es, -e, -emos, -en) and –er/-ir verbs (–a, -as, -a, -amos, -an).

Subjunctive present Regular ar verbs Regular –er- and ir verbs hablar  to speak yo hable nosotros/as hablemos tú hables   él/ella/usted hable ellos/as/ustedes hablen decir  to say yo diga nosotros/as digamos tú digas   él/ella/usted diga ellos/as/ustedes digan

Let to see some example Poder: present indicative puedo, podemos – present subjunctive pueda, podamos. Pedir: present indicative pido, pedimos – present subjunctive pida, pidamos practice https://www.spanishdict.com/guide/spanish-present-subjunctive/

Irregular verbs Verbs that don’t end in -o in their yo form present tense, like ser –> soy and ir –> voy are irregular in the present subjunctive. There are only six truly irregular verbs in the subjunctive. You'll find the conjugations for each of these verbs in the tables below.

Irregular verbs Ser: sea, seas, sea, seamos, sean Haber: haya Estar: esté, estés, esté, estemos, estén Ir: vaya, vayas, vaya, vayamos, vayan Saber: sepa, sepas, sepa, sepamos, sepan Dar: dé, des, de, demos, den

Features of Sentences that Use the Subjunctive There are three main features that most sentences that use the subjunctive share: two subjects, two verbs, and a relative pronoun. 1. Two Subjects Most subjunctive sentences will have one subject in the main clause and one in the secondary clause. The attitude of the subject in the main clause is what triggers the use of the subjunctive in the secondary clause. Ex. Espero que yo lo sepa hacer. I hope I know how to do it.

2. Two Verbs Most subjunctive sentences have two verbs: a verb in the indicative in the main clause and a verb in the subjunctive in the secondary clause. Laura quiere que tú limpies el baño. Laura wants you to clean the bathroom. 3. A Relative Pronoun Most subjunctive sentences have a relative pronoun (such as que or quien) that links the main (indicative) clause to the secondary (subjunctive) clause. Laura quiere que tú limpies el baño. Laura wants you to clean the bathroo

The subjunctive is used to talk about Wishes emotions Impersonal expressions Recommendations doubt and denial Ojalá Past perfect subjunctive https://www.spanishdict.com/guide/past-perfect-subjunctive-forms/

Concept Related Verbs and Phrases Verbs used to talk about wishes desear , esperar , exigir , insistir , preferir , querer , pedir , necesitar  Verbs used to talk about emotions alegrarse , enojarse , sentir , encantar , lamentar , sorprender  Impersonal expressions es extraño que , es importante que , es fantástico que  Verbs used to talk about recommendations recomendar , sugerir , aconsejar , ordenar , mandar , insistir  Verbs used to talk about doubt and denial dudar , no creer , no estar seguro , no parecer , no comprender , no pensar  Ojalá For this category, there's just one word - ojalá