Unidad 6.2 Fuera de la ciudad

In this lesson you will learn to: Describe an excursion Express what will have happened Talk about the history of a place Use past perfect Use future perfect

Past Perfect Tense The past perfect describes actions that had occurred before other actions in the past. In English, it is formed with the verb (to have) “had” and the past participle of the main verb. We had already eaten when she called. I had already ordered the cake when you arrived.

Use the past perfect tense to show that an event had already occurred (or not occurred) at a specific moment in the past. Conjugate the verb haber in the imperfect tense and add the past participle of the main verb. Haber había habíamos habías habíais había habían

The words ya and todavía are often used with past perfect tense. Ya is used in affirmative statements and means already. -Yo ya había comido cuando tú llegaste.

Translate: He had already done his homework when his mother arrived. She had already gone to the movies when Juan called. He had already taken the exam when he realized he forgot to study.

Todavía is used in negative statements and means not …yet or still…not. -Yo todavía no había comprado el pan cuando la panadería cerró. -Ella todavía no había hecho la tarea cuando llegamos a la escuela.

Translate: I still hadn’t eaten when you arrived. You still hadn’t eaten your vegetables when your father came. They still hadn’t read the book when the teacher asked. Ex. 6-8 pg. 365

Future Perfect Tense The future perfect describes actions that will have been completed by a certain time in the future. In English, you form it by combining “will have” and the past participle of the main verb. -At 3:00 the train will have left.

Use the future perfect tense to express what will have happened by a certain time in the future. Conjugate the verb haber in the future tense and add the past participle of the main verb. Haber habré habremos habrás habréis habrá habrán El lunes, habremos visto el famoso cuadro de Picasso.

The future perfect is often used with para or dentro de + time reference. Para entonces Elena habrá explorado la ciudad. By then Elena will have explored the city. Dentro de tres meses habré aprendido mucho. Within three months I will have learned a lot.

Translate: By one o’clock I will have already eaten. Within three months you will have graduated. By Tuesday they will have arrived to Madrid. Within a year we will have gone to Spain. By four he will already done his homework.

You also use the future perfect to speculate about something that may have happened. ¿Cómo se habrá roto el brazo? No sé. Se habrá caído.

¿Qué habrán hecho las siguientes personas? Sofia quería ir al cine. Maria y yo queríamos pescar en el río. Ellos querían comer comida china. Usted quería visitar el Castillo. Tú querías probar las especialidades de la casa. Yo quería explorar la muralla china. Ex. 14 pg 369