Los Mandatos (Commands) La Forma Imperativa Y El comienzo del subjuntivo

Los Mandatos It is often replaced with more polite alternatives like the conditional. Me gustaria que venga conmigo… Come with me… I’d like it. The imperative (imperativo) is used to give commands or orders. You may recognize the imperative from commands such as oye or repite.

Formation de Los Mandatos There are four forms of the imperative: tú, usted, nosotros, and ustedes. The nosotros form is used to give an order that involves oneself as well as others, though it often expresses a suggestion as its translation let’s... indicates.

Formation of tú commands (afirmativo) Regular -ar verbs: use the present indicative tense but the 3rd person singluar form. OJO irregular verbs in present keep their irregular form. Jugar- Juega (tú) ….Escuchar- Escucha (tú)… Brincar- Brinca (tú) Regular -er and -ir verbs: Also use the present indicative tense. OJO irregular verbs in present keep their form! Vender- Vende (tú) ….Mentir- Miente (tú)… Decidir- Decide (tú)

Formation of tú commands (afirmativo) irregulars Ser: sé  Poner: pon  Tener: ten Salir: sal Venir: ven Ir: ve Decir: di Hacer: haz tú tú tú tú tú tú tú tú

Formation of Usted, nosotros, and ustedes commands (afirmativo) For the usted, nosotros, and ustedes forms, the imperative is formed using the corresponding forms of the present subjunctive- a. yo form b. drop the o c. add the opposite vowel (with correct ending for that person)

Formation of Usted, nosotros, and ustedes commands (afirmativo) Hable Ud. más lentamente. Hablen Uds. más lentamente. Speak more slowly. Coma Ud. la cena. Coman Uds. la cena. Eat the dinner. Escriba Ud. la carta. Escriban Uds. la carta. Write the letter. This also applies to stem-changing verbs. Cuente Ud. sus beneficios. (yo cuento) Count your blessings. Vuelvan Uds. pronto. (yo vuelvo) Return quickly. Pida dinero. (yo pido) Ask for money. Formation of Usted, nosotros, and ustedes commands (afirmativo) 1. yo form 2. drop the o 3. add the opposite vowel (with correct ending for that person) PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE

Irregulares Usted, nosotros, and ustedes commands (afirmativo) Ser: sea, seamos, sean Estar: esté, estemos, estén Ir:  vaya, vayamos, vayan Saber:  sepa, sepamos, sepan Dar: de, demos, den Irregulares Usted, nosotros, and ustedes commands (afirmativo) Verbs that don’t end in -o in their yo form present tense, like ser –> soy and ir –> voy are irregular in the present subjuntivo PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE

Y los mandatos negativos??? For the Tu, Usted, Ustedes, Nosotros forms simply use the present subjunctive In negative commands (an order not to do something), place the negation no before the imperative. Negative imperatives are always formed using the corresponding forms of the present subjunctive, even for the tú form, as in No mires (Don’t look). No hables Tú. Don’t speak. No lo Coma Ud.*** Don’t eat it. No escribas Tú. Don’t write. No me digas Tú Don’t tell me

Imperative and Pronouns Reflexives…. Direct Object Pronouns…