El subjuntivo

Tenses we are familiar with: Present indicative Preterite Imperfect Progressive Future Imperative (commands) …Present subjunctive

Un uso que ya sabemos… The difference between indicative and subjunctive Indicative: used for facts or what is considered to be fact Subjunctive: used to give advice/opinions (among many other applications )

These are common expressions for giving advice and opinions! Indicators/common verbs: Es mejor que… (it’s better that…) Es buena idea que… (it’s a good idea that…) Es importante que… (it’s important that…) Aconsejar que… (to advise that…) Recomendar que… (to recommend that…) Sugerir que… (to suggest that…)

Las cláusulas The subjunctive is usually used in a compound sentence joined by using the word “que” when there is a change in subject… The main clause is written using the indicative and includes one of the expressions we just saw The dependent clause follows the word “que” and is written using the subjunctive Ex: It’s important that you study. Alejandra recommends that we do the homework.

Resumen The subjunctive is used when giving advice & opinions (among other uses we will learn later!) The first part of the sentence will be written in PRESENT TENSE (indicative) In the second part of the sentence, the verb will be conjugated in the SUBJUNCTIVE The two parts of the sentence are frequently separated by the word “que” There MUST be a change in subject between the first & second parts of the sentence in order to use the subjunctive.

Ejemplos: Subjunctive sentences: Yo recomiendo que tú participes en un deporte. Es importante que nosotros saquemos buenas notas. NOT subjunctive: Es buena idea estudiar para el examen.

¡Conjugaciones del subjuntivo! To form the present subjunctive: 1) start with the ‘yo’ form present indicative 2) drop the ‘-o’ 3) add the appropriate ending: Comprar Conocer Salir Yo compre conozca salga Tu compres conozcas salgas El/ella/ud. Nosotros compremos conozcamos salgamos Vosotros compréis conozcáis salgáis Ellos/ellas/uds. compren conozcan salgan

Unos irregulares Ir Ser IR vaya vayamos vayas vayáis vayan sepa SABER sepa sepamos sepas sepáis sepan Ir Ser DAR dé demos des deis den SER sea seamos seas seáis sean ESTAR esté estemos estés estéis estén

Ejemplos  Yo espero que ustedes estudien para el examen. Mi profesora prefiere que yo haga mi tarea. Te recomiendo que des una caminata por la ciudad. Ella sugiere que nosotros vayamos al bosque a ver los árboles.

BUT…… if there is not a change of subject between the main clause and the dependent clause, you don’t need the subjunctive. Mi madre prefiere ir al centro comercial. Es importante hacer la tarea.

Práctica: Traduce estas frases al español. It’s a good idea that you jog everday. Es buena idea que tú trotes todos los días. They want us to ride a horse. Ellos quieren que nosotros montemos a caballo. I suggest that she travels a lot. Yo sugiero que ella viaje mucho. It’s important to have fun. Es importante divertirse.