Thea Pitman University of Leeds Whats Latin American about Latin American Hypermedia Narratives? 1.

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Transcripción de la presentación:

Thea Pitman University of Leeds Whats Latin American about Latin American Hypermedia Narratives? 1

The Borders of Cybercultural Production Early 1990s – utopian vision of the possibilities of the Internet Global network society, no borders Since then, more cautious understanding: Anne Balsamo - gender Lisa Nakamura – race, cybertypes 2

The Borders of Cybercultural Production II If concepts such as gender and race still affect digital culture, the question of borders and embeddedness in certain cultures and environments is still an issue too.... Netusers and cultural producers still exhibit need to relate to / represent real places/communities – national, regional, local. How can we see this in one particular type of digital cultural product – the hypermedia novel/short story – as produced by Latin American authors? 3

Latin American Hypermedia Writers Blas Valdez Mexican/American/currently lives in Mexico City Restos de corazón (1998) el hipertexto me hace sentir en casa, me parece natural (Valdez 2006) Dolor y viceversa ( ) Hypertexts\Dolor y viceversa\creditos.html One of stories basis for film Amor, Dolor y viceversa (2008) 4

Latin American Hypermedia Writers II Doménico Chiappe Venezuelan/Peruvian/currently lives in Madrid Lapas (2000), Párrafos sueltos (2003) La huella del Cosmos – collaborative novel(2005–) Tierra de extracción (2002) Hypertexts\Tierra de Extracción\tierra.exe Version 4.0: available from Literatura Electrónica Hispánica section of Biblioteca Vitural Cervantes 5

Embeddedness What is it that reveals the degree of embeddedness in these works? What reveals how Latin American they are? Not just a question of language, theme, or their relationship with the canon of Latin American and/or world literature. Rather... 6

Embeddedness II Dialogue between the local and the global, and… Attempt to resist global technologies / critical attitude re process of globalisation Despite recognition of how useful/innovative these technologies might be (eg. To represent multiple temporalities); despite degree of involvement of these cultural producers in new technologies On the one hand, nuevas arquitecturas de lenguaje (Martín-Barbero 2000:69). But on the other…… 7

A Different Point of View… Podría argüirse que esta preocupación por los restos de la posmodernidad, y cómo reaccionan al contacto con nuestra (todavía) premodernidad, es una deformación de los usuarios de Internet, que son comparativamente pocos [en América Latina]; sin embargo, aunque la red necesariamente impone ciertas preocupaciones, también facilita el acceso a una cultura global que está surgiendo aceleradamente, no sólo en México sino en numerosos países, y que no es precisamente aquella que podemos leer en Wired u otras publicaciones supuestamente alternativas: cuando menos [esta versión latinoamericana de la cultura global] enfrenta las cuestiones más acuciantes de la globalización, los cambios en la cultura y las nuevas tecnologías, desde puntos de vista distintos a los del primer mundo. (Chimal 2002:80 – my italics) 8

A Different Point of View… II Valdez – disembedded (tries to be…) In Deleuzian terminology, the territory of his protagonists is the smooth space of the lines of flight that link Mexico City to other points on the globe. Characters: flight attendant; suicide bomber. But sheer bleakness and unflinching nature of outlook(rather than utopian) in response to these themes, Plus attempt to resist hipertext itself (ciber- Rayuela) = a Latin American, politicised response to the First Worlds more utopian dreams of the possibilities of the new medium. 9

A Different Point of View… III Chiappe - embedded Venezuelan history and topography Esto es Venezuela, una tierra de extracción, murmuró alguno de los peones… Globalisation – petrol industry – from a Venezuelan point of view – resistant and critical… 10

A Different Point of View… IV La Tierra de Extracción no sólo ofrece la riqueza de su suelo a los saqueadores, también permite que se asalte a su gente. Se extrae el oro, pero también las vidas; junto al petróleo, los valores; a los autos robados, la moral; a la biodiversidad, el querer; al billete, la razón. Para extraer se compran las almas. el mene – crude oil in localised context; symbol of the rhizomatic structure of novel. 11

An Emancipatory Dialogue… Al enfrentarnos a la utopía fraudulenta de la sociedad de la información – fraudulenta porque se proclama neutral – el arte nos ofrece el último espacio para la experimentación tecnológica que puede ser de naturaleza emancipadora. […] Me refiero a su capacidad de comunicar, de hacer que lo moderno se comunique con lo tradicional, lo personal con lo ajeno, lo global con lo local. (Martín-Barbero 2000:70) 12