El presente del Subjuntivo The Indicative l Up to now you have been using verbs in the indicative mood, which is used to talk about facts or actual events.

Presentación del tema: "El presente del Subjuntivo The Indicative l Up to now you have been using verbs in the indicative mood, which is used to talk about facts or actual events."— Transcripción de la presentación:

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2 El presente del Subjuntivo

3 The Indicative l Up to now you have been using verbs in the indicative mood, which is used to talk about facts or actual events.

4 The Indicative l Aprendo francés para mi viaje.

5 The Subjunctive l Spanish has another way of using verbs called the subjunctive mood.

6 The Subjunctive l We use it to say what one person does or doesn’t want, tell, suggest, or recommend someone else to do.

7 When to Use: l W – Wishes, Wants l E – Emotions, feelings, thoughts l I – Impersonal Expressions l R – Requests, Recommendations l D – Doubt, Denial, Disagreement l O – Ojalá (I hope to God)

8 The Subjunctive l A sentence that includes the subjunctive form has two parts connected by the word que. l For example:

9 The Subjunctive l Quiero que tú respires lentamente. l I want you to breathe slowly.

10 The Subjunctive l Sugiero que bebas agua antes de correr. l I suggest that you drink water before running.

11 The Subjunctive l El entrenador exige que los atletas estiren los músculos. l The trainer demands that the athletes stretch their muscles.

12 The Subjunctive l You can also suggest more general or impersonal ideas using expressions such as es necesario…es bueno…and es importante…, followed by que and a form of the present subjunctive.

13 The Subjunctive l Es necesario que hagas ejercicio. l It’s necessary that you do exercise. l Es importante que los jóvenes coman bien. l It’s important that the young people eat well.

14 The Subjunctive l Note that the subjunctive sentences have two parts, each with a different subject, connected by the word que:

15 2 Clauses Ella sugiere que yo aprenda francés Independent clause (stands on its own) Subject > Verb Separated by the word “que” Dependent clause (can’t stand on its own) Begins with the word “que.” Indicative Verb Subjunctive Verb

16 The Subjunctive l The first subject uses the present indicative verb (recommendation, suggestion, prohibition, and so on) + que and the second subject uses the present subjunctive verb (what should happen).

17 The Subjunctive l Verbs that are often follewed by que + subjunctive: l Insistir en l Necesitar l Permitir l Preferir (e > ie) l Prohibir l Querer (e > ie) l Recomendar (e > ie) l Sugerir (e > ie)

18 The Subjunctive l We form the present subjunctive of most verbs the same way we form negative tú commands.

19 The Subjunctive l We drop the -o of the present-tense indicative yo form and add the subjunctive endings.

20 The Subjunctive l For -ar verbs: l e, es, e, emos, éis, en l For -er/-ir verbs: l a, as, a, amos, áis, an

21 SALTAR – to jump salte saltes salte saltemos saltéis salten

22 CONOCER – to know conozca conozcas conozca conozcamos conozcáis conozcan

23 DECIR – to say/tell diga digas diga digamos digáis digan

24 The Subjunctive l The present subjunctive has the same spelling changes and irregular yo form changes used with the negative tú commands.

25 Irregular Subjunctive Verbs l As in negative commands, irregular verbs that add a “g” to the stem in the present-tense yo form also have a “g” in the present subjunctive.

26 Irregular Subjunctive Verbs l caerse l decir l hacer l poner l salir l tener l traer

27 Irregular Subjunctive Verbs hacer hag-ohaga tener teng-otenga

28 Irregular Subjunctive Verbs l Also verbs ending in –car, -gar, and –zar have a spell change in order to maintain the original sound.

29 Irregular Subjunctive Verbs buscar buscobusque pagarpagopague cruzarcruzocruce

30 Irregular Subjunctive Verbs l D – Dar (Dé, des, dé, demos deis den) l I – IR (vaya, vayas vaya, vayamos, vayáis, vayan) l S – Ser (Sea, seas, sea, seamos, seáis, sean) l H – Haber (haya, hayas, haya, hayamos, hayáis, hayan) l E – Estar (esté, estés, esté, estemos, estéis, estén) l S – Saber (sepa, sepas, sepa, sepamos, sepáis, sepan)

31 PRACTICE 1. Es necesario que tú __ (hacer) la tarea. 2. Yo dudo que ella ___ (ir) a esa fiesta. 3. Mi madre quiere que yo _______ (sacar) buenas notas. 4. Es cierto que el profesor _____ (saber) mucho. 5. Yo no creo que tú me ______ (ayudar).

32 PRACTICE 6. Es importante que nosotros _______ (dormir) ocho horas por noche. 7. El profesor duda que Uds. ____(prestar) atención. 8. Te ruego (to beg) que_______ (comer) tus verduras. 9. Espero que Uds. _______ (estar) alegres. 10. Mi madre no duda que nosotros _________ (llegar) tarde a la casa.