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THE PRETERITE (PAST) TENSE

Publicada porAbrahán Terronez Modificado hace 9 años

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Presentación del tema: "THE PRETERITE (PAST) TENSE"— Transcripción de la presentación:

1 THE PRETERITE (PAST) TENSE
EL PRETÉRITO THE PRETERITE (PAST) TENSE

2 What is the preterite used for?
The preterite is used for actions in the past that are seen as completed. The use of the preterite tense implies that the past action had a definite beginning and definite end The preterite also tells us specifically when an action took place.

3 Examples of the preterite tense:
Carlos bought a CD María ate a hamburger On Friday Jorge went to the swimming pool

4 Regular verbs

5 Conjugating regular ‘ar’ verbs:
To conjugate regular -ar verbs in the preterite, simply drop the -ar and add the following endings: yo é tú aste él/ella ó nosotros amos vosotros asteis ellos/ellas aron

6 Example of regular ‘ar’ verb hablar – to talk
Take the ‘ar’ off the infinitive and this leaves your stem ‘habl’ yo hablé tú hablaste él/ella/usted habló nosotros hablamos vosotros hablasteis ellos/ellas/ustedes hablaron

7 Conjugating regular ‘er’ and ‘ir’ verbs
To conjugate regular -er and -ir verbs in the preterite, simply drop the -er or –ir and add the following endings: yo í tú iste él/ella/usted ió nosotros imos vosotros isteis ellos/ellas/ustedes ieron

8 Example of regular ‘er’ verb comer – to eat
Take the ‘er’ off the infinitive and this leaves your stem ‘com’ yo comí tú comiste él/ella/usted comió nosotros comimos vosotros comisteis ellos/ellas/ustedes comieron

9 Example of regular ‘ir’ verb vivir – to live
Take the ‘ir’ off the infinitive and this leaves your stem ‘viv’ yo viví tú viviste él/ella/usted vivió nosotros vivimos vosotros vivisteis ellos/ellas/ustedes vivieron

10 Irregular verbs

11 Irregular verbs that don’t follow a rule and need to be learned:
Ser Ir Hacer Decir Ver Traer

12 Ser – to be yo fui tú fuiste él/ella/usted fue nosotros fuimos
vosotros fuisteis ellos/ellas/ustedes fueron

13 Ir – to go yo fui tú fuiste él/ella/usted fue nosotros fuimos vosotros
fuisteis ellos/ellas/ustedes fueron

14 Hacer – to do yo hice tú hiciste él/ella/usted hizo nosotros hicimos
vosotros hicisteis ellos/ellas/ustedes hicieron

15 Decir – to say yo dije tú dijiste él/ella/usted dijo nosotros dijimos
vosotros dijisteis ellos/ellas/ustedes dijeron

16 Ver – to see yo vi tú viste él/ella/usted vio nosotros vimos vosotros
visteis ellos/ellas/ustedes vieron

17 Traer – to bring yo traje tú trajiste él/ella/usted trajo nosotros
trajimos vosotros trajisteis ellos/ellas/ustedes trajeron

18 Irregular verbs that follow a pattern:
A number of verbs that are irregular in the preterite follow a particular pattern. While their stems change, they all take the following endings: -e -iste -o -imos -isteis -ieron

19 Here are the verbs, along with their corresponding stem changes:
Infinitive Stem Change andar anduv- estar estuv- tener tuv- caber cup- haber hub- poder pud- poner pus- saber sup- querer quis- venir vin-

20 Examples: estar (estuv-) saber (sup-) estuve supe estuviste supiste
estuvo supo estuvimos supimos estuvisteis supisteis estuvieron supieron

21 Verbs with spelling changes

22 ‘Ir’ verbs that change their stem in the present tense
They also change in the preterite, but in a different way. They change e:i and o:u in the third person, singular and plural

23 Example preferir – to prefer
yo preferí tú preferiste él/ella/usted prefirío nosotros preferimos vosotros preferisteis ellos/ellas/ustedes prefirieron

24 Verbs ending in -gar, -car and -zar
In order to preserve the sound of the infinitive, a number of verbs change spelling. The following changes occur in the "yo" form only: Verbs that end in -gar change g to gu Verbs that end in -car change c to qu Verbs that end in -zar change z to c

25 Examples: Jugar - yo jugué Buscar - yo busqué Almorzar - yo almorcé
A table of some common spelling changing -gar, -car and –zar verbs is shown on the next slide

26 -gar -car -zar cegar aparcar almorzar colgar buscar autorizar jugar clarificar cazar llegar clasificar comenzar pagar destacar cruzar plegar empacar empezar regar justificar forzar rogar practicar organizar tragar sacar simbolizar vagar tocar tropezarse

27 Verbs ending in -aer, -eer, -oír, and -oer
The él/ella/usted forms use the ending "yó" (rather than ió) The third person plural uses the ending "yeron" (rather than ieron) The remaining forms gain a written accent over the letter "i"

28 Example creer – to believe
yo creí tú creíste él/ella/usted creyó nosotros creímos vosotros creísteis ellos/ellas/ustedes creyeron

29 Verbs ending in -uir The él/ella/usted forms use the ending "yó" (rather than ió) The third person plural uses the ending "yeron" (rather than ieron) The yo form also gains a written accent over the letter "i"

30 Example huir – to flee/escape
yo huí tú huiste él/ella/usted huyó nosotros huimos vosotros huisteis ellos/ellas/ustedes huyeron

31 Verbs ending in -ucir Remove the –cir from the infinitive and conjugate as follows: yo produje Tú produjiste él/ella/usted produjo nosotros produjimos Vosotros produjisteis ellos/ellas/ustedes produjeron

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