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Publicada porDorotea Villavicencio Modificado hace 9 años
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PAST TENSE El Pretérito
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El Pretérito: is a past tense (“-ed”) talks about what happened Describes a completed past action
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1. REGULAR VERBS
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Verbs ending in - AR Pretérito endings for - ar verbs are: - é - amos - aste - asteis - ó - aron
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Pretérito endings for –ER / -IR verbs are: - í - imos - iste - isteis - ió - ieron
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-CAR If a verb ends in –CAR, we still use the regular –AR ending, but the stem will change in the YO form Drop the –car and add -qué Practicar Yo practiqué
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- GAR Drop the –gar and add gué JUGAR Yo jugué - ZAR Drop the –zar and add -cé ALMORZAR Yo almorcé
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For verbs that end in a vowel after you drop the temination ER, IR.: aer – caer – to fall eer – leer = to read; creer = to think / believe oir = to hear uir – to flee - huir The third person singular form (él, ella, usted) uses the ending yó (rather than ió).
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The third person plural (ellos, ellas, ustedes) uses the ending yeron (rather than ieron). The remaining forms gain a written accent over the letter “i”.
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For example: leer- to read Yo leí Tú leíste Él, Ella, Ud.leyó Nosotros leímos Vosotros leísteis Ellos, Ellas, Uds.leyeron
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Verbs that end in -uir change in the same way, but the written accent over the letter "i" only occurs in the yo form. For example: construir- to construct Yo construí Tú construiste Él, Ella, Ustedconstruyó Nosotros construimos Vosotrosconstruisteis Ellos, Ellas, Ustedesconstruyeron
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You will need to know the following Spelling-Change Verbs: caer (to fall) creer (to think/believe) leer (to read) oír (to hear) construir(to construct) incluir(to include) influir(to influence)
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The only verbs that have a stem change in the preterite tense are those which meet the following three requirements: 1. The infinitive of the verb ends in –ir. 2. The verb was a stem-changing verb in the present tense. 3. It does NOT fall into one of the other categories of verbs in preterite: regular, car/gar/zar, completely irregular, * -ar and –er verbs that changed stems in the present tense do NOT change stems in the preterite- they are conjugated like all other regular preterite verbs
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In preterite, there are two types of stem changes : 1. If the stem contains an e, it changes to an i ( E to I ) sentir > sintió 2. If the stem contains an o, it changes to a u ( O to U ) dormir > durmió
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In preterite, the stem only changes in two forms: 1. Third Person Singular ( él, ella, usted) 2. Third Person Plural (ellos, ellas, ustedes)
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Some examples: E to I REPETIR - (to repeat) O to U DORMIR- (to sleep) yorepetídormí túrepetistedormiste él, ella, ustedrepitiódurmió Nosotrosrepetimosdormimos vosotrosrepetisteisdormisteis ellos, ellas, ustedes repitierondurmieron
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You will need to know the following E to I verbs: Competir- to competeRequerir- to require, to need Conseguir- to get, to obtainSeguir- to follow, to continue Divertirse- to have fun, to enjoy oneselfSentirse- to feel Pedir- to request, to ask forServir- to serve Preferir- to preferVestirse- to dress oneself Repetir- to repeat You will need to know the following O to U verbs: Dormir- to sleepMorir- to die
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Verbs whose stem change in: V stems Andar stem: anduv- Estar stem: estuv- Tener stem: tuv- U stems Poder stem: pud- Saber stem: sup- Poner stem: pus -
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J stems: Decir stem: Dij – Traer stem: traj- Atraer stem: atraj – Traducir stem: traduj- Producir stem: produj- Conducir stem: conduj- I stems: Querer stem: Quis- Venir stem: Vin-
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For the “VUI” you need to add the following endings after changing the stem - e - imos - iste - isteis - o - ieron
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If the stem ends in “J” you need to add the following endings after changing the stem - e - imos - iste - isteis - o - eron
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SER / IR fuifuimos fuistefuisteis fuefueron
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HACER hicehicimos hicistehicisteis hizohicieron
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VER vivimos vistevisteis viovieron
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DAR didimos distedisteis diodieron
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