The Imperfect In this presentation, we will look at another way of talking about the past.

Presentación del tema: "The Imperfect In this presentation, we will look at another way of talking about the past."— Transcripción de la presentación:

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2 The Imperfect In this presentation, we will look at another way of talking about the past.

3 Preterite: Remember this? We’ve already learned one way of talking about the past: the preterite. It’s used to describe single actions that started and ended in the past. Examples: Tomaron el examen el lunes pasado. Gabriela recibió la mejor nota de todos los estudiantes. El año pasado, fui a Costa Rica de vacaciones. Lo pasé muy bien. Pedro se levantó, fue al baño, y se duchó.

4 Imperfect What about…? … actions that happen more than once in the past? I used to live in Peoria. Every Christmas the whole family would get together for a big dinner.

5 Imperfect Or how about…? … actions that started in the past but didn’t finish (as far as we know): I was walking to work when I saw an accident. She was tired and hungry.

6 The imperfect These ideas – actions repeated in the past unfinished actions in the past descriptions about the past are expressed using the IMPERFECT verb tense Think about it: “perfect” means “complete,” so when a past action is incomplete, it is “imperfect.”

7 Uses of the imperfect Use the imperfect to express actions, conditions, and events that: Occurred simultaneously (While they were fishing, they talked about the soccer game.) Were interrupted (As I was studying, my brother entered the room.) Were repeated or habitual (I used to play tennis as a child.)

8 Uses of the imperfect (cot’d) The imperfect is also used to describe: Weather, time, and age (It was 10:00 at night, there was a terrible storm out, and we were afraid. My mother was very short, was 40 years old, and worked constantly.) Action in progress (We were watching the butterflies.) Description (She was hungry, and there was nothing in the refrigerator.) Emotional/mental/physical state (I didn’t feel well.)

9 OK, what are the forms? Finally! The imperfect tense is probably the easiest form to learn because there are only three irregulars. There are two sets of endings… -AR: add –aba to the base ER/IR: add –ía to the base

10 Some examples, please! hablarcantar hablabacantaba hablabascantabas hablabacantaba hablábamoscantábamos hablabancantaban Easy, huh? Just add the –s to make the the tú form,-mos for nosotros, and –n for ellos/ellas. Don’t forget the accent on the nosotros form!

11 How about for –ER & -IR? comervivir comía vivía comías vivías comía vivía comíamosvivíamos comían vivían Same way… just add the –s to make the the tú form,-mos for nosotros, and –n for ellos/ellas. Don’t forget the accent on the all the forms!

12 Let’s try a few forms! Estar: yo _________ tú _________ ella ________ nosotros _________ ellos __________

13 Estar… yo estaba tú estabas ella estaba nosotros estábamos ellos estaban How about volver?

14 Volver… yo volvía tú volvías ella volvía nosotros volvíamos ellos volvían Volver is a stem-changing verb in the present, but stem-changing verbs don’t change in the imperfect! How about conocer?

15 Conocer… yo conocía tú conocías ella conocía nosotros conocíamos ellos conocían Conocer is irregular in the present, but not in the imperfect! How about decir?

16 Decir… yo decía tú decías ella decía nosotros decíamos ellos decían Decir is stem-changing and irregular in both the present and the preterite, but it’s regular in the imperfect! How about levantarse?

17 Levantarse… yo me levantaba tú te levantabas ella se levantaba nosotros nos levantábamos ellos se levantaban Reflexive verbs work the same as in the present – don’t forget to put the reflexive pronoun in front of the verb! How about those three irregulars?

18 S Ser, ir, ver serirver eraibaveía erasibas veías eraiba veía éramosíbamos veíamos eranibanveían That’s all, folks – no other irregular imperfect forms in Spanish.

19 A piece of cake! The forms are that simple! We’ll look at the differences between the two past forms – the preterite and the imperfect – in a later slide show.

20 SIR WADE: Uses of the Imperfect 1.Simultaneous Activity: Mientras yo iba a la escuela en el autobús, leía mi libro. 2.Interrupted Activity: Yo tomaba el sol cuando de repente empezó a llover. 3.Repeated/Habitual Activity: El bebe siempre lloraba, pero Miguel seguía con su tarea. 4.Weather: Me encantaba cuando hacia sol. Time: Era las once de la mañana cuando llego mi primo. Age: Cuando yo tenia cinco anos, íbamos al parque para hacer un picnic. 5. Action In Progress: El estudiante prestaba atención mientras la profesora hacia un experimento. 6. Description: Las mariposas tenían muchos colores vivos y eran hermosas. 7. Emotional, Mental, Physical State: Cuando mi perro se murrio yo estaba muy triste.

21 And now, some questions! 1.What does the preterite describe? 2.What’s the difference between “perfect” past and the “imperfect” past? 3.What are the uses of the imperfect? (There are 7.) 4.What are the endings of imperfect verbs? 5.What are the 3 irregular verbs? Give their conjugations.