El subjuntivo español: una introducción

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1 El subjuntivo español: una introducción
Quiero que Ud. pase por el Control de Agricultura.

2 The Spanish Subjunctive
Notice the following examples: Luis va a Cartagena. Luis is going to Cartagena. (Certainty: indicative) Recomiendo que Luis vaya a San Andrés. I recommend that Luis go to San Andrés. (Uncertainty: subjunctive)

3 ¿Que significan estos tres verbos?
Hagan Ahora: ¿Que significan estos tres verbos? INFINITIVO SUBJUNTIVO hablar llamar So how do you think the Spanish subjunctive is formed? reclamar

4 Objetivo: ¿Como se forma el subjuntivo?
7/5/2019 Objetivo: ¿Como se forma el subjuntivo? Step 1: Start with the yo form of the verb in the present tense (this applies to all three conjugations): hablo como vivo If we are careful to begin with this step, verbs with irregular stems and yo forms will be included and will not be considered irregular in the subjunctive: conocer → conozco oír → oigo tener → tengo decir → digo pedir → pido traer → traigo dormir → duermo perder → pierdo venir → vengo hacer → hago querer → quiero ver → veo

5 Objetivo: ¿Como se forma el subjuntivo?
7/5/2019 Step 2: Take off the final o of the yo form: habl o com o viv o Step 3: Add the “opposite” endings: For -ar verbs: Add -er verb endings. habl e habl emos habl es habl e habl en Notice that the first- and third-person singular forms are identical.

6 The forms of the subjunctive
7/5/2019 The forms of the subjunctive Step 3: Add the “opposite” endings: For -er and -ir verbs: Add -ar verb endings to both. com a com amos com as com a com an viv a viv amos viv as viv a viv an Again, first- and third-person singular forms are identical.

7 The forms of the subjunctive
7/5/2019 The forms of the subjunctive -car c  qu -gar g  gu -zar z  c buscar llegar empezar busque llegue empiece busques llegues empieces busque llegue empiece busquemos lleguemos empecemos busquen lleguen empiecen

8 There are only six truly irregular verbs…..

9 D = _____ I = _____ S = _____ DAR dé demos des dé den IR vaya vayamos vayas vaya vayan SER sea seamos seas sea sean

10 H = _____ E = _____ S = _____ HABER haya ESTAR esté estemos estés esté estén SABER sepa sepamos sepas sepa sepan

11 What do you notice about these subjunctive sentences?
Queremos que ustedes vengan a la fiesta. Recomiendas que yo compre la bicicleta. Es importante que prestes atención. Ella espera que todos saquen buenas notas. Yo sugiero que ustedes miren esa película. How many clauses are there? How many subjects are there? How many verbs does each sentence have? What connects the clauses?

12 How many clauses are there? How many subjects are there?
Queremos que ustedes vengan a la fiesta. Main Clause Secondary Clause RULE #1: Most subjunctive sentences will have one subject in the main clause and a different subject in the secondary clause. The attitude of the subject in the main clause is what triggers the use of the subjunctive in the secondary clause.

13 How many verbs are there?
Queremos que ustedes vengan a la fiesta. Verb 1 Verb 2 Which verb is in the indicative? Which verb is in the subjunctive?

14 Queremos que ustedes vengan a la fiesta.
Indicative Verb Subjunctive Verb RULE #2: Most subjunctive sentences have two verbs: a verb in the indicative in the main clause and a verb in the subjunctive in the secondary clause.

15 What connects the two clauses?
Queremos ustedes vengan a la fiesta. que RULE #3: Most subjunctive sentences have a relative pronoun (such as que or quien) that links the main (indicative) clause to the secondary (subjunctive) clause

16 Let’s Recap A subjunctive sentence includes:
1. A main clause and a secondary clause 2. Two Verbs 3. “que” or “quien” to link the two clauses

17 Here are the WEIRDO Verbs:

18 W is for Wishes & Wants Wishes and Wants are expressed by a number of verbs in Spanish, but here are some of the most common: Querer to want Necesitar to need Esperar to wait Pedir to ask for Desear to desire Preferir to prefer Exigir to demand Mandar to order Insistir to insist

19 W is for Wishes & Wants Ana espera que su novio la invite a cenar.
Yo prefiero que llames después de las nueve. Nadie quiere que los pobres sufran.

20 W is for Wishes & Wants Ana espera que su novio la invite a cenar.
Yo prefiero que llames después de las nueve. Nadie quiere que los pobres sufran.

21 E is for Emotions Here are some emotion verbs in Spanish: Alegrarse to be happy Sentir to feel Encantar to be delighted Temer to fear Enojarse to be angry Gustar to like Sorprender to surprise Lamentar to regret Tener miedo to be afraid

22 E is for Emotions Yo estoy alegre que Laura no tenga problemas.
¿Te gusta que ellos traigan la música? La Sra. Gallejo siente que todos no participen.

23 I is for Impersonal Expressions
Es + adjective phrases are known as impersonal expressions. Es bueno Es malo Es curioso it is good it is bad it is curious Es necesario Es triste Es importante it is necessary it is sad it is important

24 I is for Impersonal Expressions
Es importante que prestes atención. Es necesario que se porten bien en la escuela. Es raro que Elena no quiera explicar.

25 R is for Recommendations
R is for recommendations, requirements, and requests. Here are some of these verbs: Decir to tell Prohibir to prohibit Rogar to beg Exigir to demand Desear to desire Suplicar to plead Sugerir to suggest Recomendar to recommend

26 R is for Recommendations
¿Recomiendas que yo compre la bicicleta? Yo sugiero que ustedes miren esa película. La profesora dice que hagamos un proyecto.

27 D is for Doubt & Denial D is for Doubt and Denial. Here are some of these verbs: Dudar to doubt Negar to deny No creer to not believe No pensar to not think No estar seguro to not be sure No suponer to suppose not

28 D is for Doubt & Denial Yo dudo que Marcos venga a tiempo.
Amanda niega que salga con Mario. Nosotros no pensamos que ellos hagan las paces.

29 O is for Ojalá Ojalá is a Spanish expression which means I wish, I hope, it would be nice, God willing. It comes from Arabic originally where it meant “May God grant.”

30 O is for Ojalá Ojalá que haga sol.
Ojalá que tengamos suficiente tiempo. Ojalá que haya sillas.

31 REVIEW W E I R D O

32 REVIEW W Wishes and Wants

33 E Emotions

34 Impersonal Expressions

35 R Recommendations Requests Requirements

36 D Doubts and Denials

37 O Ojalá