Capítulo 1 Adjetivos (Adjectives)

Words that describe people and things are called ADJECTIVES (adjetivos): 1. In Spanish, most adjectives have both masculine and feminine forms. The masc. form usually ends in –o The fem. form usually ends in –a Masculine adjective are used to describe masc. nouns. Marcos es ordenado y simpático. Marcos is neat and friendly.

Fem adj. are used to describe fem nouns. Marta es ordenada y simpática. Marta is neat and friendly. Adjectives whose masc. form ends in –dor have a fem form that ends in –dora. Juan es trabajador. Juan is hardworking. Luz es trabajadora. Luz is hardworking.

Adjectives that end –e (or a consonant) describe both masc. and fem nouns. Anita es inteligente. Anita is intelligent. Pedro es inteligente también. Pedro is intelligent also. Adjectives that end in –ista describe both masc. and fem nouns. Tomás es deportista. Tomás is sports-minded. Marta es deportista también. Marta is sports-minded too.

MasculineFeminine ordenado trabajador paciente deportista ordenada trabajadora paciente Deportista Examples

To make an adjective plural: 1. If it ends in a vowel, just add an –s after the vowel La muchacha es morena. Las muchachas son morenas. 2. If the adj. ends in a consonant, add an –es to make it plural El muchacho es joven. Los muchachos son jóvenes.

Agreement 1. Adjectives must agree in gender (masc/fem) and number (sing/pl) with the noun they are describing. 1. La muchacha es baja. 2. El amigo es mexicano. 3. Las alumnas son bajas. 4. Los amigos son mexicanos. 2. When an adj. describes a group including both masculine and feminine nouns, use the masculine plural form. 1. El profesor Davis y la profesora Sala son unos profesores buenos.

Placement of adjectives In Spanish, adjectives usually come after the noun they describe. Margarita es una muchacha bonita. Margarita is a pretty girl Notice how bonita followed muchacha in the previous sentence. Did you notice that in the English sentence the adjective came before the noun?

Here’s a simple pattern you can follow when writing a sentence in Spanish. Subject Verb article/noun adjective (if available) Saraesuna muchachamuy bonita Pabloesun alumnointeligente La Sra. Ortiz esuna profesoramuy buena

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1. El muchach____ es inteligent___ y seri____.