UNIDAD I-B PASADO PERFECTO MATERIAL DE ESTUDIO Y REVISIÓN Prof. Jendry E. Barrios O. LAR-2015-I UNIDAD I-B PASADO PERFECTO INGLÉS II II-0431

ESTRUCTURA Sujeto Had Participio Pasado Complemento Suj. Had worked here before You He She It We They CONTRACCIONES Had ’d

USO Algo que ocurrió antes de un momento específico en el pasado (Ej: Para 1998, Carlos ya se había graduado de abogado; en 1997, Oprah Winfrey ya había actuado en una película de Hollywood) Un evento que ocurrió antes de otro (Ej: Cuando empezó a llover, ya Ana había llegado a casa; para el momento en el que Adriana llegó al cine, la película había empezado) Already,yet, ever y never se usan para enfatizar la acción que ocurrió primero (Ej: Anoche vi “Los Vengadores”. Nunca antes la había visto.) Cuando la relación de tiempo entre dos eventos es clara, se puede expresar ambas acciones con el pasado simple (Ej: Después que tomé una ducha, me acosté a leer un libro / Después que había tomado una ducha, me acosté a leer un libro)

EJEMPLOS Algo que ocurrió antes de un momento específico en el pasado By 1998, Carlos had already graduated from high school. By 2006, Rita and Hameda had gotten married. Algo que ocurrió antes de un momento específico en el pasado By the time I got home, the rain had stopped. When you called me, I had just taken a shower. Un evento que ocurrió antes de otro Judy had already finished her homework when her father got home. I saw The Avengers last night. I had never seen it before. Already, yet, ever, never enfatizan la acción que ocurrió primero Bill has still not arrived. James has not finished his homework yet. Acciones incompletas a nuestra expectativa I met her before she started to work here / I had met her before she started to work here. After we saw the movie, we went out to eat pizza / After we had seen the movie, we went out to eat pizza. After, before, as soon as  pasado simple en ambas acciones

NEGACIÓN Sujeto Had+ Not Participio Pasado Complemento Suj. Had Not Pdo. Comp. I had not worked here before You He She It We They CONTRACCIONES Had + Not Hadn’t

EJEMPLOS I had not been married before. I hadn’t been married before. I had been married before. He had not traveled a lot. He hadn’t traveled a lot. He had traveled a lot. They had not seen that movie. They hadn’t seen that movie. They had seen that movie.

INTERROGACIÓN CERRADA Had Sujeto Participio Pasado Complemento Had Suj. Part. Pdo. Comp. I been here before? you he she it we they

EJEMPLOS It had been hot all these days. Had it been hot all these days? Yes, it had. / No, it hadn’t. They had lived here for 5 years. Had they lived here for 5 years? Yes, they had. / No, they hadn’t. You had finished your homework. Had you finished your homework? Yes, I had. / No, I hadn’t. She had been to Miami 3 times. Had she been to Miami 3 times? Yes, she had. / No, she hadn’t.

INTERROGACIÓN ABIERTA Palabra Interr. Had Suj. Part. Pdo. Comp. Where had I been when it started to rain? you he she it we they Palabra interrogativa Had Sujeto Participio Pasado Complemento PALABRAS INTERROGATIVAS What Which When Who Where How Why How long

EJEMPLOS Rita had lived in Texas for 5 years. How long had Rita lived in Texas? Peter had been to Miami before. Where had Peter been before? By 2002, Rita had moved to London. What had Rita done by 2002? Adam had just eaten breakfast when the phone rang. Who had just eaten breakfast when the phone rang?

EJERCICIOS DE CONSOLIDACIÓN OJO: Mantén presionada la tecla CTRL y haz click en el enlace para dirigirte a la página web correspondiente. Unidad I completa (Descargar del Blog) Pasado Perfecto I. (Aquí) Pasado Perfecto II. (Aquí) Pasado Perfecto III. (Aquí) Pasado Perfecto IV. (Aquí) Pasado Perfecto V. (Aquí) Pasado Perfecto / Pasado Simple I. (Aquí) Pasado Perfecto / Pasado Simple II. (Aquí) Pasado Perfecto / Pasado Simple III. (Aquí) Pasado Perfecto / Pasado Simple IV. (Aquí)

PASADO SIMPLE VERBO TO BE

ESTRUCTURA Sujeto To Be Complemento I was sick yesterday You were He She It We They Sujeto Verbo TO BE en pasado Complemento OJO: El verbo TO BE en pasado lo debes traducir como ‘era’ o ‘estaba’. Ejemplo: I was sick yesterday / Yo estaba enfermo ayer.

USO Estados pasados (Estaba cansado, eran niños)

EJEMPLOS John was sick yesterday. We were tired after the game. I was born in Ciudad Ojeda. The students were on strike for their rights. Carlos was busy this morning. It was hot and sunny last Saturday.

NEGACIÓN Sujeto To Be NOT Complemento I was not sick yesterday You were He She It We They Sujeto Verbo TO BE en pasado + NOT Complemento CONTRACCIONES Was + Not Wasn’t Were + Not Weren’t

EJEMPLOS Amanda was in Maracaibo yesterday. They were busy. Amanda was not in Maracaibo yesterday. Amanda wasn’t in Maracaibo yesterday. They were busy. They were not busy. They weren’t busy. It was cloudy last Saturday. It was not cloudy last Saturday. It wasn’t cloudy last Saturday.

INTERROGACIÓN CERRADA Verbo TO BE pasado Sujeto Complemento To Be Sujeto Complemento Was I sick yesterday? Were you he she it we they

EJEMPLOS Amanda was in Maracaibo yesterday. They were busy. Was Amanda in Maracaibo yesterday? Yes, she was. / No, she wasn’t. They were busy. Were they busy? Yes, they were. / No, they weren’t. It was cloudy last Saturday. Was it cloudy last Saturday? Yes, it was. / No, it wasn’t.

INTERROGACIÓN ABIERTA Palabra Interrogativa To Be Sujeto Complem. Where was I yesterday? were you he she it we they Palabra interrogativa Verbo TO BE en pasado Sujeto Complemento PALABRAS INTERROGATIVAS What Which When Who Where How Why

EJEMPLOS Rita is in Cabimas yesterday. Peter was sad last Sunday. Where was Rita yesterday? Peter was sad last Sunday. How was Peter last Sunday? He was born in 1999. When was he born? John was in the kitchen. Who was in the kitchen?

EJERCICIOS DE CONSOLIDACIÓN I OJO: Mantén presionada la tecla CTRL y haz click en el enlace para dirigirte a la página web correspondiente. Unidad II, Pág. 92, 93 y 65. (Descargar del Blog) Cliquea la opción correcta. (Aquí) Escribe was o were para completar las oraciones. (Aquí) Elige la forma correcta del verbo to be en pasado. (Aquí) Cliquea la forma correcta del verbo to be en pasado. (Aquí) Completa con was, was not, were o were not. (Aquí) Completa con was o were y cliquea la opción correcta. (Aquí) Sigue las instrucciones. (Aquí)

PASADO SIMPLE Verbos Regulares e Irregulares

ESTRUCTURA Sujeto Verbo Pasado Complemento I worked yesterday You He She It We They Sujeto Verbo en pasado Complemento OJO: Los verbos regulares se caracterizan por formar su pasado añadiendo -ed/-d a la forma base. Ejemplo: Work – Worked.

USO Acciones y eventos pasados (terminados). Normalmente se requiere una expresión de tiempo que indique cuándo ocurrió la acción. Ejemplo: ayer, la semana pasada, el mes pasado, hace dos horas, esta mañana, hace dos meses, etc.

VERBOS REGULARES E IRREGULARES Los verbos regulares se caracterizan por formar su pasado añadiendo -ed/-d a la forma base. Los verbos irregulares forman su pasado sin seguir ninguna regla. Hay que aprenderlos de memoria.

EJEMPLOS I played soccer yesterday. Jonathan saw a good movie last night. Miranda went to Miami last month. The students learned about the simple past a few minutes ago. Carlos studied for his biology test last week. Carmen came to the party last Saturday. I flew to Texas last weekend. He bought a digital camera yesterday. There was a huge strike downtown last week.

NEGACIÓN Sujeto Did + Not Forma Base Complemento I did not (didn’t) work yesterday You He She It We They Sujeto DID + NOT (Didn’t) Forma base del verbo Complemento CONTRACCIONES Did + Not Didn’t

EJEMPLOS Amanda went to Maracaibo yesterday. Amanda did not go to Maracaibo yesterday. Amanda didn’t go to Maracaibo yesterday. They played soccer last week. They did not play soccer last week. They didn’t play soccer last week. Jonathan saw a good movie last Saturday. Jonathan did not see a good movie last Saturday. Jonathan didn’t see a good movie last Saturday.

INTERROGACIÓN CERRADA Did Sujeto Forma base del verbo Complemento Did Sujeto Forma Base Complemento I work yesterday? you he she it we they

EJEMPLOS Amanda went to Maracaibo yesterday. Did Amanda go to Maracaibo yesterday? Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t. They played soccer last week. Did they play soccer last week? Yes, they did. / No, they didn’t. Jonathan saw a good movie last Saturday. Did Jonathan see a good movie last Saturday? Yes, he did. / No, he didn’t.

INTERROGACIÓN ABIERTA Palabra Interrogativa Did Sujeto Forma Base Complem. Where did I work yesterday? you he she it we they Palabra interrogativa Did Sujeto Forma base del verbo Complemento PALABRAS INTERROGATIVAS What Which When Who Where How Why

EJEMPLOS Rita went to Cabimas yesterday. Where did Rita go yesterday? Peter played soccer last Sunday. When did Peter play soccer? He came to Venezuela in 1999. When did he come to Venezuela? John grew up in Las Vegas. Who grew up in Las Vegas? * * Cuando se formula la pregunta con WHO acerca del sujeto, no se utiliza el auxiliar DID y el verbo se deja en pasado.

EJERCICIOS DE CONSOLIDACIÓN II OJO: Mantén presionada la tecla CTRL y haz click en el enlace para dirigirte a la página web correspondiente. Unidad II Completa. (Descargar del Blog) Escribe los verbos y las oraciones en pasado simple. (Aquí) Completa las oraciones con el pasado simple de los verbos en paréntesis. (Aquí) Escribe el pasado de los verbos. (Aquí) Cambia las oraciones a la forma negativa. (Aquí) Completa con el pasado simple de los verbos. (Aquí) Mira el vídeo y completa las oraciones. (Aquí) Sigue las instrucciones. (Aquí)