El presente de indicativo: I work. I am working. I do work.
To form the present indicative tense you…. … drop the –ar, -er, -ir ending of the infinitive and add the following endings: AR Yoo Túas Él Ellaa Ud. Nosotros(as)amos Vosotros(as) áis Ellos Ellas an Uds. ER Yoo Túes Él Ellae Ud. Nosotros(as)emos Vosotros(as) éis Ellos Ellas en Uds. IR Yoo Túes Él Ellae Ud. Nosotros(as)imos Vosotros(as) ís Ellos Ellas en Uds.
Certain verbs are irregular in the present tense but they do follow patterns…. Certain verbs have irregular “YO” forms but then are normal: poner pones pone ponemos ponéis ponen hacer haces hace hacemos hacéis hacen traer traes trae traemos traéis traen salir sales sale salimo salís salen pongohagotraigosalgo caer caes cae caemos caéis caen caigo
Certain verbs are irregular in the present tense but they do follow patterns…. Certain verbs have irregular “YO” forms but then are normal: caber cabes cabe cabemos cabéis caben dar das da damos dais dan estar estás está estamos estáis están quepodoyestoy saber sabes sabe sabemos sabéis saben sésé
Certain verbs are irregular in the present tense but they do follow patterns…. Certain verbs have irregular “YO” forms and are stem changers: Tener tienes tiene tenemos tenéis tienen tengo venir vienes viene venimos venís vienen vengo decir dices dice decimos decís dicen digo
The verb “oír” has an irregular “yo” form and also adds a “y” in all forms except for “nosotros” and “vosotros”. In addition, an accent mark is added to the “í” in the verb endings: Oír oyes oye oímos oís oyen oigo
The verb “haber” has irregular forms except for “vosotros” in the present tense. Haber he has ha hemos han habéis
The verbs “ser” and “ir” have irregular forms in the present tense… Ser soy eres es somos sois son Ir voy vas va vamos vais van
Certain verbs stem change in the present tense in all persons except for “nosotros” and “vosotros”. These verbs are also known as shoe verbs…. o>ue (volver)e>ie (preferir) e>i (pedir) pido pides pide pedimos pedíspedís piden prefieres prefiero prefiere preferimos preferís prefieren vuelvo vuelves vuelve volvemos volvéis vuelven
Certain verbs have spelling changes in the “YO” form in the present tense but they do follow patterns…. Certain verbs have spelling changes in the “YO” forms but then are normal: recoger recoges recoge recogemos recogéis recogen traducir traduces traduce traducimos traducís traducen recojotraduzco Verbs that end in -ger and -gir, change g > j Verbs that end in a vowel and -cer or -cir, change c > zc
Certain verbs have spelling changes in the “YO” form in the present tense but they do follow patterns…. Certain verbs have spelling changes in the “YO” forms but then are normal: distinguir distingues distingue distinguimos distinguís distinguen distingo Verbs that end in -guir drop the u in the yo form convencer convences convence convencemos convencéis convencen convenzo Verbs that end in a consonant plus -cer, change c > z
Verbs that end in -uir add a y before the ending except in nosotros and vosotros…. construir construyo construyes construye construyen construís Verbs that end in -uir, change i > y in ALL persons except nosotros and vosotros construimos
Verbs that end in -iar and -uar add an accent to the í and to the ú except in nosotros and vosotros esquiar esquío esquías esquía esquiamos esquiáis esquían actuar actúo actúas actúa actuamos actuáis actúan
Special verbs and verbal expressions in the present tense:soler + an infinitive “Soler” means to be “in the habit of” or “to be accustomed to” (like: acostumbrarse). Therefore, NEVER use “soler” in the preterit tense. soler suelo sueles Suele solemos soléis suelen + an infinitive
Special verbs and verbal expressions in the present tense:hace + time + que + present. Hace + time + the present is used to tell “how long something has been going on”. Hace seis años que vosotros estudiáis español. (You have been studying Spanish for 6 years.) ¿Cuánto tiempo hace que nosotros estudiamos español? (How long have we been studying Spanish?)
Special verbs and verbal expressions in the present tense:haber. 1. Haber can be used to show exsitence (There is / There are ): Hay 24 estudiantes en la clase. (There are 24 students in the class.)
Special verbs and verbal expressions in the present tense:haber. 2. Haber can be used to show necessity impersonally: Hay que estudiar para el examen. (It’s necessary [One must] study for the test.)
Special verbs and verbal expressions in the present tense:haber. 3. Haber de can be used to show necessity as a synonym of “tener + que + the infinitive”: He de ayudar a mi madre esta tarde. (I need to help my mom this after noon.)