Environmental Assessment & Early Warning UNEP´s experience in strengthening environmental and sustainable development indicators in Latin America and the Caribbean Kakuko Nagatani-Yoshida Division of Early Warning & Assessment UNEP Regional Office for Latin America and the Caribbean

Environmental Assessment & Early Warning Global and Regional GEO Assessments Global Regional Coming Soon: GEO Central America; GEO Caribbean; Ecosystem Assessment of Biodiversity in Mesoamerica.

Environmental Assessment & Early Warning National GEO Assessments Panamá 1999Chile 1999Cuba 2000 Perú 2000 Nicaragua 2001 Barbados 2000Costa Rica 2002Brazil 2002 Guatemala 2002 Coming Soon: GEO Mexico, St. Lucia, Haiti, Argentina, Venezuela, Cuba 2005, Honduras, etc. Goias 2002

Environmental Assessment & Early Warning GEO Cities Assessments Technical and political partners (e.g. Municipality and University) Joint project with UN-Habitat GEO Cities Regional Network 100% donor funded

Environmental Assessment & Early Warning GEO for the Youth Coming Soon: Argentina, Cuba, Colombia, Brazil, Central America, Caribbean. Network of youth groups throughout LAC – GEO For Youth Network Over 800 groups and individuals participated in the LAC project. Second phase focussing on capacity building

Environmental Assessment & Early Warning GEO Methodology and Capacity Building Capacity Building workshops Ongoing Training throughout process Revision and validation training tools Network of collaborating centres taking over capacity building (South-to-South, South-to-North)

Environmental Assessment & Early Warning GEO-LAC Work in Statistics GEO CD-ROM ”Statistics and Documents on the Environment". This inter-active CD-ROM contains more than 200 regional statistics and indicators on environmental resources and socio-economic factors and allows detailed data searches, development of graphics etc.

Environmental Assessment & Early Warning GEO “Environmental Statistics of Latin America and the Caribbean” This publication covers 180 environmental and socio- economic statistics and indicators of the region. The information is presented in five- year time series from 1970 to 1995, and annually from 1995 to 2000, and by country, sub- region and by environmental sector. GEO-LAC Work in Statistics

Environmental Assessment & Early Warning State of the Environment and its Trends Land: FAO Forest: FAO Biodiversity:World Conservation Monitoring Centre (WCMC) Freshwater:Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) Coastal and Marine areas:WCMC; FAO Atmosphere:Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC); Organización Latinoamericana de Energía (OLADE) Urban and Industrized areas: Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeño de Demografía (CELADE); Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) Natural Resources: The Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CDED) Theme and Source

Environmental Assessment & Early Warning GEO Global Regional Assessments GEO Latin America and the Caribbean 2000 GEO Latin America and the Caribbean 2003 Sub-regional Assessments Andes (03), Caribbean 2 (04), C. America (04), MERCOSUR (05) Sub-regional Youth C. America, Caribbean (04) Data and Indicators Thematic / EW Assessments Climate change (04) Health and environment (04) Marine and coastal (03) National Assessments Panama 1 & 2, Chile 1 & 2, Cuba, Peru, Nicaragua 1 & 2, Barbados, Costa Rica, Brazil, El Salvador, Mexico, St. Lucia, Guatemala, Haiti, Venezuela, Argentina, The Bahamas Sub-national National Assessments Goias (03), Bahia (04) GEO Cities Rio, Manaus, Mexico, Santiago, Buenos Aires, Bogota, Havana, Arequipa (Peru), Guatemala City, Esmeraldas (Ecuador), Montevideo, S. M. Tucuman (Argentina), Lima & Callao, Chiclayo (Peru), Cienfuegos, Holguin, Santa Clara (Cuba), Maraba, Beberibe, Itapissuma, Quirinopolis (Brazil), Queretaro (Mexico), San Salvador, Panama City, San Jose National Youth Peru, Argentina, Mexico, Uruguay, Havana, Brazil, Colombia, Capacity Building Activities in Peru and Argentina

Environmental Assessment & Early Warning Why we work with data and indicators …  Must work to eliminate numerous inconsistencies existing in the current data sets as well as to reduce unnecessary incompatibility among different data set.  Great need for user-friendly indicators that would assist decision-making processes.  Great need to improve the accessibility of data and indicators The objective of UNEP is to assist countries in the development of information system, to create a highly accessible regional data base, and to promote harmonisation of information collection in the whole region.

Environmental Assessment & Early Warning

Limited availability and accessibility of data  Difference in definitions, concepts, measurement methods and technologies, etc.  Data “copy right” issues: statistics and georeferenced  Numerous data and reporting requirements from international, sub-regional and national organizations (too many reports and indicators)  Limited institutional capacity in general Why we wish that we could avoid working with data and indicators….

Environmental Assessment & Early Warning  ILAC Indicators and methodological sheets  GEO SIEAN  GEO Regional Data Portal and Tracking System  Interagency collaboration Our efforts

Environmental Assessment & Early Warning  “Desarrollar e implementar un proceso de evaluación para dar seguimiento al avance en el logro de los objetivos del desarrollo sostenible, incluyendo los resultados del Plan de Acción de Johannesburgo, adoptando sistemas de indicadores de sostenibilidad, a nivel nacional y regional, que respondan a las particularidades sociales, económicas y políticas de la región”.  “Develop and implement an assessment process to follow up the progress made towards attaining sustainable development objectives, including the results of the Johannesburg Plan, adopting national and regional sustainability indicators that respond to the region's unique social, economic and political features” ILAC: Guiding principle on Assessment and indicators

Environmental Assessment & Early Warning METAS DE GUÍA / PROPÓSITOS INDICATIVOSIndicador Diversidad Biológica Aumento en la superficie boscosa Asegurar el manejo sostenible de los recursos forestales de la región, reduciendo significativamente las tasas actuales de deforestación. Proporción de la superficie cubierta por bosques 1 Territorio bajo áreas protegidas Incrementar significativamente la superficie del territorio regional bajo áreas de protección, considerando en su definición zonas de transición y corredores biológicos. Porcentaje de Áreas Protegidas con respecto al territorio total 1 Recursos Genéticos – Distribución equitativa de los recursos Adoptar marcos de regulación para el acceso a los recursos genéticos así como para la participación justa y equitativa en los beneficios derivados de su utilización, compatibles con el Convenio sobre la Diversidad Biológica. Existencia de leyes nacionales relacionadas con el acceso a recursos genéticos y la repartición de beneficios Diversidad Marina Asegurar la conservación y uso adecuado de los recursos marinos de los Países de la Cuenca del Caribe, en particular en los ecosistemas marino- costeros. Áreas costeras – marinas protegidas con respecto al área marino y costeras totales Ejemplo de indicadores propuestos/Examples of proposed indicators GUIDING GOALS / INDICATIVE PURPOSESIndicator Biological Diversity Increase of forest area Ensure the sustainable management of forest resources in the region, significantly reducing present deforestation rates. Proportion of land area covered by forest 1 Territory included in protected areas Increase significantly the territory in the region under protected area regimes and, when defining them, include buffer zones and biological corridors. Protected areas as percentage of total land area 1 Genetic Resources – Equitable Sharing of Benefits Adopt regulatory frameworks for access to genetic resources, as well as for fair and equitable sharing of the benefits derived from their use, compatible with the Convention on Biological Diversity. Existence of national laws related to access to genetic resources and benefit sharing Marine biodiversity Ensure the conservation and proper use of the Caribbean Basin Countries’ marine resources with particular emphasis on marine and coastal ecosystems. Protected marine/coastal areas as percentage of total marine and coastal areas

Environmental Assessment & Early Warning

Environmental Assessment & Early Warning HOJA METODOLÓGICA Indicadores del ILAC (Las áreas sin sombrear corresponden a aquellas que deben ser llenados a nivel nacional)

Environmental Assessment & Early Warning Submitted to the Forum of Ministers of Environment of Latin America and the Caribbean (November 2003, Panama City) By the Goverment of Costa Rica (Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Energía), the Development Observatory of the University of Costa Rica, with help of UNEP Proposal for an Environmental Statistics & Indicators Project for the Forum

Environmental Assessment & Early Warning  Estimular el desarrollo de un conjunto medular de indicadores aprovados por el Foro de Ministros que ya se encuentran disponibles en los países que puedan ser usados para medir el progreso hacia las metas de la ILAC  Foster the development of a core set of indicators approved by the Forum of Ministers which are readily available in the countries that can be used to measure progress towards the goals of the Latin American and Caribbean Initiative for Sustainable Development. The Proposal

Environmental Assessment & Early Warning  Desarrollar metodologías comunes para medir las variables e indicadores del conjunto medular en consulta con los expertos nacionales  Develop common methodologies to measure the variables and indicators in the core set in consultation with national experts. The Objective of the Proposal

Environmental Assessment & Early Warning  Iniciar el desarrollo de un proyecto de fortalecimiento de las capacidades institucionales y promover el acopio y armonización de datos ambientales en el ámbito nacional dentro del marco del Foro de Ministros  Initiate the development of a project to strengthen capacities and promote the collection and harmonization of environmental variables and indicators at the national level within the framework of the Forum of Ministers. The Objective of the Proposal

Environmental Assessment & Early Warning  Compilar estadísticas e indicadores nacionales para alimentar un sistema de información ambiental regional que le permita al Foro de Ministros monitorear el progreso hacia el logro de las metas de la ILAC y otras iniciativas regionales  Collect the national statistics and indicators and input them into a regional environmental information system that allows the Forum of Ministers to monitor progress towards achievement of the goals of the ILAC and other regional initiatives. The Objective of the Proposal

Environmental Assessment & Early Warning

Hectáreas de áreas urbanas verdes con respecto a la población urbana Extracción pesquera Existencia de comisiones nacionales de emergencia o de grupos de respuesta inmediata a desastres Energía consumida de fuentes renovables Consumo de CFC que agotan la capa de ozono Áreas costero-marinas protegidas con respecto al área costero-marina total Existencia de leyes nacionales relacionadas con el acceso a los recursos genéticos y la repartición de beneficios Proporción de Hogares con acceso a tenencia segura Áreas de cuenca bajo manejo Años de vida perdidos por discapacidades como consecuencia de enfermedades de origen hídrico (DALY)

Environmental Assessment & Early Warning Desechos recogidos y depuestos adecuadamente Generación de Desechos sólidos Tasa de morbilidad atribuible a enfermedades respiratorias agudas Morbilidad VIH/SIDA Índice de crecimiento del número de pequeñas industrias Gasto Social Población con ingresos inferiores a la paridad del poder adquisitivo de un dólar por día Uso de energía por $1000 del PIB Compañías certificadas ISO Informes del Estado del Ambiente Existencia de consejos nacionales de desarrollo sostenible Total de horas de la enseñanza de la ciencia ambiental en la educación primaria Sistema Estadístico Ambiental Proporción de la población que utiliza combustibles sólidos

Environmental Assessment & Early Warning El Proceso del Desarrollo de Estadísticas e Indicadores Ambientales del Foro Decisión del Foro y establecimiento del Grupo de Trabajo sobre indicadores ambientales coordinado por Costa Rica (Foro, Brasil) Financiamiento del Banco Mundial para iniciar los trabajos del desarrollo de indicadores en ALC Aprobación de la Iniciativa Latino Americana y Caribeña para el Desarrollo Sostenible (Johannesburgo) Oct Dic Ago Desarrollo de la matriz de indicadores ILAC y el diagnostico sobre las variables e indicadores ambientales requeridos por la ONU Ene Reunión del Grupo de Expertos (Costa Rica) Ago Preparación de propuesta de los indicadores medulares y el proyecto regional para presentación al Foro Sep Presentación de la propuesta al Foro para aprobación Nov Implementación del proyecto regional incluyendo recolección de los indicadores medulares en los 33 países de ALC, capacitación nacional, desarrollo de herramientas y sistemas de información nacional etc. Dic

Environmental Assessment & Early Warning

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