1 El Pretérito de los verbos 2 Presente vs. Preterito:  Up to now we’ve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis,

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THE PRETERITE TENSE Preterite Up to now we’ve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening.

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1 El Pretérito de los verbos 2 I went to the store. I bought a shirt. I paid in cash. ***NOTES*** El Pretérito: is a past tense (“-ed”) talks about what.

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Transcripción de la presentación:

1 El Pretérito de los verbos

2 Presente vs. Preterito:  Up to now we’ve talked about actions that happen in the present, that happen on a regular basis, or that are happening right now. These verbs are in the simple present.  Next we’re going to learn how to talk about the past in Spanish. One way is to talk about an action that started and finished in the past. This tense is called the preterite.

3 Ejs: I played soccer yesterday. I bought a shirt on Sunday. I traveled to Spain last summer. El Pretérito: is a past tense (“-ed”) talks about what happened is a completed action that started and finished; “over and done with.”

4 In English, a regular preterite form looks like this:  walk > walked  play > played  say > said  drive > drove Others are irregular (unpredictable):  go > went  be > was, were

5 The pretérito takes time expressions in the past that signify the action is a completed past action: Anocheel año pasado Ayerel mes pasado Anteayerel verano pasado el viernes pasado la semana pasada

6 The stem for regular verbs in the pretérito is the infinitive stem. Tomartom- Hablarhabl- Caminar camin- Comprar compr Cantar cant-

7 Pretérito endings for -ar verbs are: -é -aste -ó -amos -aron

8 REMEMBER: accents on the “yo” form and the “él / ella / Ud.” form -ar “nosotros” form is the same in present and pretérito

9 (-ar verbs) tomé tomaste tomó tomamos tomaron Por ejemplo: tomar

10 (-ar verbs) hablé hablaste habló hablamos hablaron Por ejemplo: hablar

11 (-ar verbs) trabajé trabajaste trabajó trabajamos trabajaron Por ejemplo: trabajar

12 ¿Qué hicieron las personas ayer? I. Escriban usando el pretérito y traduzcan en inglés: 1. Yo / hablar 2. Julio / trabajar 3. Nosotros / estudiar 4. Los chicos / jugar 5. Tú y Anita / escuchar 6. Tú / mirar

13 ¿Qué hicieron las personas? I. Escriban usando el pretérito y traduzcan en inglés: 1. Tú / trabajar / ayer 2. Ana / estudiar / anoche 3. Mis amigos y yo / viajar / el verano pasado 4. Yo / comprar ropa / el viernes pasado 5. Los chicos / jugar al baloncesto / anteayer

14 Most verbs that are stem-changing (o /u to ue; e to ie) do not stem change in the preterit ex: almorzar (o-ue) Present = tú almuerzas Pret. = almorzaste ex: (jugar) (u – ue) Present = ellos juegan Pret. = jugaron ex: (pensar) (e-ie) Present = yo pienso Pret. = pensé Stem Change Verbs:

15 Verbs ending in -car, -gar, and -zar have a spelling change in the “yo” form of the pretérito. buscar tocar practicar pagar jugar llegar almorzar empezar comenzar Unos Irregulares:

16 The “yo” form of the pretérito changes to conserve the sound of the infinitive: -car -gar -zar “-qué” “-gué” “-cé” “tocé” “jugé” “rezé”

17 (-car verbs) practiqué practicaste practicó practicamos practicaron Por ejemplo: practicar

18 (-car verbs) busqué buscaste buscó buscamos buscaron Por ejemplo: buscar

19 (-gar verbs) jugué jugaste jugó jugamos jugaron Por ejemplo: jugar

20 (-gar verbs) pagué pagaste pagó pagamos pagaron Por ejemplo: pagar

21 (-zar verbs) almorcé almorzaste almorzó almorzamos almorzaron Por ejemplo: almorzar

22 (-zar verbs) empecé empezaste empezó empezamos empezaron Por ejemplo: empezar

23 I. Escriban usando el pretérito: 1. (llegar) Yo ___ temprano a clase ayer. 2. (empezar) Yo ____ la tarea despues de la cena anoche. 3. (pagar) Yo ____ la cuenta al restaurante el viernes pasado. 4. (sacar) El año pasado, yo ____ buenas notas en todas mis clases. 5. (tocar) El mes pasado, yo ___ la guitarra al concierto.

24 Pretérito endings for –er / -ir verbs are the SAME: -í -iste -ió -imos -ieron Nota: The 3 rd per. sing. accents the “o” NOT the “i”

25 ER verbs that are stem-changing (o to ue; e to ie) do not stem change in the preterit (they have regular forms) ex: volver (o-ue) = to return Present = yo vuelvo Pret. = yo volví ex: (perder) (e-ie) = to lose Present = ella pierde Pret. = perdió *Ver = to see omits the accent mark on endings ex: vi, viste, vio, vimos, vieron Stem Change Verbs:

26 (-er verbs) comí comiste comió comimos comieron Por ejemplo: comer

27 (-er verbs) volví volviste volvió volvimos volvieron Por ejemplo: volver

28 (-ir verbs) abrí abriste abrió abrimos abrieron Por ejemplo: abrir

29 (-ir verbs) escribí escribiste escribió escribimos escribieron Por ejemplo: escribir

30 Practiquen las formas de los verbos de –er y –ir en el pretérito y escriban una frase completa y traduzan las frases en inglés: 1. Yo / comer 2. Juan / abrir 3. Mis amgios / escribir 4. Tú / vivir 5. Anita y tú / aprender 6. Ana / vender 7. Uds. / correr 8. Nosotros / salir 9. Yo / ver

31 Rewrite from the present to the preterit con las expresiones del tiempo en el preterito: 1. Salgo de mi casa a las ocho de la mañana. 2. Uds. escriben una composición en español hoy. 3. Anita y yo saludamos a nuestros amigos. 4. Rosita vive en la ciudad de México. 5. Mis hermanitas estudian por la noche. 6. Tú bebes mucho café esta noche.

32 Traduzcan la pregunta en español y contesten también: 1. At what time did you watch TV yesterday? 2. Did Juan speak on the phone with his friend last night? 3. What did you all eat for dinner the day before last? 4. Where did they see a movie last weekend?

33  Write a 100 word minimum story on the following topic. Be creative. Invent characters. Include an intro, body and conclusion answering who, what, when, where and why. Vary your verbs.  “Yo sé lo que hiciste tú el verano pasado.”