Renaissance and Reformation The Renaissance (Chapter 12-Section 1) (pages 398-403)

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What was the Renaissance? Renaissance meant “rebirth” Renaissance significa “renacimiento”

What was the Renaissance? It was a revival of the ancient Greek and Roman worlds. Era un renacimiento del antiguo mundo de los griegos y de los romanos.

What was the Renaissance? A secular viewpoint which created the enjoyment of material things Un punto de vista secular, que creó el disfrute de las cosas materiales

What was the Renaissance? An age of recovery from the plague, political instability, and decline of church power Una época de recuperación de la peste, la inestabilidad política, la disminución del poder de la iglesia

What was the Renaissance? Believed in individual ability – the new social ideal Creía en la capacidad individual - el nuevo ideal social “men can do all things if they will” (Leon Batista Alberti)

What was the Renaissance? Art reflected religious and secular themes, the human body, and classical antiquity El arte refleja los temas religiosos y seculares, el cuerpo humano, y la antigüedad clásica

Italian States Milan Florence Venice

Italian States - Milan Trade route for coastal cities to Alpine passes Ruta comercial de las ciudades costeras de los pasos alpinos

Italian States - Milan Ruled by the Visconti family until 1447 Gobernado por la familia Visconti hasta el 1447

Italian States - Milan Francesco Sforza conquered Milan and became the new duke Francesco Sforza conquistó Milán y se convirtió en el nuevo duque

Italian States - Milan Built a strong centralized state Se construyó un fuerte estado centralizado Efficient tax system created large revenues Eficiente sistema fiscal creado grandes ingresos

Italian States - Venice rich, in the north rico, en el norte linked Asia and western Europe conectaba Asia y Europa occidental

Italian States - Venice In theory – a republic with an elected doge En teoría - una república con un elegido dux do" - pronounced doe, as in "doe a deer a female deer" "ge" - pronounced softly like the French word je as in "je suis" or gelatine/gelagnite

Italian States - Venice In reality – ruled by elite, wealthy, merchant aristocrats En realidad - gobernado por élites, ricos, aristócratas comerciante

Italian States - Venice Trade made them an international power Comercio hizo un poder internacional

Italian States - Florence Ruled by small, wealthy group of merchants Gobernado por un grupo pequeño, rico de comerciantes.

Italian States - Florence 1434 – Cosimo de’Medici took control – family ruled until late 1400s. 1434 - Cosimo de' Medici tomó el control - familia gobernada hasta último 1400s.

Italian States - Florence Florence began to experience an economic decline; people tired of the Medicis Florencia comenzó a experimentar una declinación económica; la gente se cansó del Medicis

Italian States - Florence Girolamo Savonarola, Dominican preacher, condemned Medici family & gained many supporters Girolamo Savonarola, predicador dominicano, condenó la familia de Medici y ganó muchos partidarios

Italian States - Florence The Medici family lost some of their control. La familia de Medici perdió algo de su control.

Italian States - Florence Girolamo Savonarola, angered the Church and died a heretic in 1498 Girolamo Savonarola, encolerizado la iglesia y muerto un heretic en 1498

Italian States - Florence The Medici family came back to power - briefly. La familia de Medici se volvió al poder- brevemente

Italian Wars France Spain Italy

Italian Wars Pope Innocent VIII offered Naples to Charles, who had a vague claim through his paternal grandmother, Marie of Anjou Papa Innocent VIII ofreció Nápoles a Charles, que tenía una demanda vaga a través de su abuela paternal, Marie de Anjou

Italian Wars Northern Italian states asked Charles I of Spain for help Los estados italianos norteños pidieron a Charles I de España para su ayuda resulted in a 30-50 year war dado lugar a una guerra de 30-50 años

Italian Wars 1527-unpaid soldiers and mercenaries sacked Rome; ended Italian war and left Spain as a dominant force in Italy 1527 soldados y mercenarios sin pagar destruyó a Roma; terminó la guerra en Italia y España se hizo una fuerza dominante en Italia

Renaissance Society Nobility Peasants/Townspeople Family/Marriage

Renaissance Society-Nobility 2-3% of the population 2-3% de la población held important political posts ocupaban los postes políticos importantes Advisers to the king Consejeros al rey

Renaissance Society-Nobility The Book of the Courtier -- Baldassare Castiglione noble was born, not made el noble nació, no fue hecho

Renaissance Society-Nobility The Book of the Courtier -- Baldassare Castiglione Noble had to be a warrior, but knowledgeable in the classics Tuvo que ser un guerrero, pero bien informados en las obras clásicas

Renaissance Society-Nobility The Book of the Courtier -- Baldassare Castiglione Noble had to follow a certain standard of conduct El noble tuvo que seguir cierto estándar de la conducta

Renaissance Society-Peasants 85-90% of the population 85-90% de la población

Renaissance Society-Peasants Peasants became legally free from the feudal system, but made up a large percentage of the poor urban population Los campesinos hicieron legalmente libres del sistema feudal, pero compusieron un porcentaje grande de la población urbana pobre

Renaissance Society-Townspeople 30-40% of urban population Tiered society: Patricians-trade, industry, banking Burghers-shopkeepers, artisans, guild masters, guild members Workers and unemployed

Renaissance Society-Family Arranged marriages by age of 3 – strengthened business and family ties Uniones dispuestas por la edad de 3 - lazos consolidados del negocio y de la familia

Renaissance Society-Family Father-husband was at the center el Padre-marido estaba en el centro Controlled finances, wife did not share Decisions affected all aspects of children’s life Children became adults when father went before a judge to free them