El pretérito vs. El imperfecto

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Transcripción de la presentación:

El pretérito vs. El imperfecto

El pretérito The PRETERITE is used for: isolated, completed actions actions that took place at a specific point in time a series of completed actions the beginning or end of an action

Verbs with different meanings in the preterite: saber (sup) = found out poder (pud) = managed to querer (quis) = tried no querer = refused tener (tuv) = got, received conocer = met FOR THE FIRST TIME HUBO-there was, there were (reporting a fact) Hubo un fuego. There was a fire.

El pretérito -Anoche Carmen fue al supermercado. -Compró una caja de detergente y unos productos congelados. -El dependiente puso todo en una bolsa. -Cuando llegamos, la profesora sacó su pintura y sus pinceles y empezó a pintar. -La película empezó a las siete.

*-eron for stems with -j ¿Recuerdas? El pretérito -ar -er/-ir new ending stem-chg yo é í e tú aste iste iste él/ella/Ud. ó ió o Nosotros amos imos imos ellos/ellas/uds. aron ieron ieron* *-eron for stems with -j

El pretérito Frequently used words: anoche ayer anteayer una vez el/la ___ pasado(a) esta mañana/tarde/noche el otro día

El imperfecto The imperfect is used for: a continuous, habitual, or repeated action in the past--the moment when the action began or ended is unimportant. description in the past, giving background information or setting the scene describing weather, telling age, time, or dates in the past

Since most mental processes involve duration or continuance, verbs that deal with mental activities or conditions are most often expressed in the imperfect tense. creer = to believe pensar = to think desear = to want preferir = to prefer querer = to want poder = to be able saber = to know tener ganas de = to feel like

Por ejemplo: Él sabía lo que preferíamos. Yo tenía ganas de salir. Él creía que yo estaba enfermo.

El imperfecto -Carmen iba al supermercado con frecuencia. -Estaba nublado. -Tenía quince años. -Era el 5 de octubre. -Eran las cinco y media. -La casa era muy grande.

ENGLISH CLUES!!! -USED TO…. (I used to talk in class.) -WAS +…ING (Jack was hiking in the woods.) -WERE +…ING (We were fishing in the pond.)

**Irregulars: ser (era), ver (veía), ir (iba)** ¿Recuerdas? El imperfecto -ar -er/-ir yo aba ía tú abas ías él/ella/Ud. aba ía nosotros ábamos íamos ellos/ellas/uds. aban ían **Irregulars: ser (era), ver (veía), ir (iba)**

El imperfecto Frequently used words: a veces cada con frecuencia/frecuentemente de vez en cuando siempre generalmente muchas/varias veces todos(as) los/las ____

A sentence may have two or more verbs in the past A sentence may have two or more verbs in the past. The verbs may be in the same tense or in different tenses. Laura llegó ayer y Pepe la vio. both verbs describe simple actions that began and ended at a specific time in the past Durante los inviernos, Adela iba a las montañas a esquiar, pero yo trabajaba. both verbs describe habitual or continuous actions Yo estudiaba cuando Julia entró. ‘estudiaba’ describes the background; ‘entró’ expresses the action or event that interrupted the ongoing action

Compare *Ellos iban al cine todos los sábados. *Ellos fueron al cine el sábado pasado. *Siempre se sentaban en la primera fila. *Ayer se sentaron en la última fila. *Todas las noches se acostaban tarde. *Anoche se acostaron temprano.

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