Preterite Spanish Preterite In Spanish there are two past tenses. The preterite is one of the past tenses in Spanish.

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Transcripción de la presentación:

Preterite Spanish

Preterite In Spanish there are two past tenses. The preterite is one of the past tenses in Spanish

Preterite The Preterite is one way is to talk about an action that started and finished in the past.

Preterite In English, a preterite form looks like this: – walk > walked – play > played – say > said – drive > drove – be > was, were Some are regular (predictable): play > played Others are irregular (unpredictable): go > went

Preterite In this presentation, well look at the regular preterite endings. Heres a typical one: –y–yo hablé –t–tú hablaste –é–él habló –n–nosotros hablamos –e–ellos hablaron

Forms The endings for –AR verbs are: – yo - é – tú - aste – él - ó – nosotros - amos – ellos - aron Notice the accent marks on the yo and él forms. They are very important! Also notice that the nosotros form is the same in both the present and the preterite.

Lets Practice! Visitar – yo _______ – tú _______ – él _______ – nosotros _______ – ellos _______

Charlar yo visité tú visitaste él visitó nosotros visitamos ellos visitaron

Otro verbo, por favor! Cenar – yo _______ – tú _______ – él _______ – nosotros _______ – ellos _______

Cenar yo cené tú cenaste él cenó nosotros cenamos ellos cenaron

And now, a few trickier ones… sacar – yo _______ – tú _______ – él _______ – nosotros _______ – ellos _______

Sacar yo saqué tú sacaste él sacó nosotros sacamos ellos sacaron Verbs whose bases end in –car make a spelling change in the yo form only: cé > qué Its a spelling change to retain the original pronunciation.

Otro verbo semejante… pagar – yo _______ – tú _______ – él _______ – nosotros _______ – ellos _______

Pagar yo pagué tú pagaste él pagó nosotros pagamos ellos pagaron Verbs whose bases end in – gar make a spelling change in the yo form only: gé > gué

Un grupo más… almorzar – yo _______ – tú _______ – él _______ – nosotros _______ – ellos _______

Almorzar yo almorcé tú almorzaste él almorzó nosotros almorzamos ellos almorzaron Verbs whose bases end in –zar make a spelling change in the yo form only: zé > cé

Almorzar (o > ue) yo almorcé tú almorzaste él almorzó nosotros almorzamos ellos almorzaron Almorzar is a stem-changing verb, but stem-changers in – ar and –er do not change in the preterite.

Seriously? Try this one! Comenzar (e > ie) – yo _______ – tú _______ – él _______ – nosotros _______ – ellos _______

Comenzar (e > ie) yo comencé tú comenzaste él comenzó nosotros comenzamos ellos comenzaron

OK, how about the reflexives? sentarse (e > ie) – yo _______ – tú _______ – él _______ – nosotros _______ – ellos _______

Sentarse (e > ie) yo me senté tú te sentaste él se sentó nosotros nos sentamos ellos se sentaron Reflexive verbs change in the very same way. Just dont forget the reflexive pronoun before the main verb.

What about –ER & –IR verbs? The endings are identical for –er & -ir: Comer – yo comí – tú comiste – él comió – nosotros comimos – ellos comieron Escribir – yo escribí – tú escribiste – él escribió – nosotros escribimos – ellos escribieron

Take a closer look! -ar-er / -ir -é-í -aste-iste -ó-ió -amos-imos -aron-ieron The endings are very similar, except that the –er/-ir verb endings always contain an –i- and the –ar verb endings never do.

Lets practice! Conocer – yo _______ – tú _______ – él _______ – nosotros _______ – ellos _______

Conocer – yo conocí – tú conociste – él conoció – nosotros conocimos – ellos conocieron

Otro verbo, por favor! Recibir – yo _______ – tú _______ – él _______ – nosotros _______ – ellos _______

Recibir – yo recibí – tú recibiste – él recibió – nosotros recibimos – ellos recibieron

A ver! The verb ver is a little bit unusual because it does not take accent marks: – yo vi – tú viste – él vio – nosotros vimos – ellos vieron

Dos verbos irregulares Hacer Yo hice Tú hiciste Él hizo Nosotros hicimos Ellos hicieron Ir / Ser Yo fui Tú fuiste Él fue Nosotros fuimos Ellos fueron

Lets practice Ayer yo (fue /fui)__________a visitar a mis amigos en la ciudad. Nosotros (fuimos / fueron)___________al mercado. Allí (hicimos / hicieron)____________cosas interesantes. Vimos aretesanía y comimos platos regionales. Mis amigos me (hicimos / hicieron)_________ caminar por toda la ciudad. Yo (hizo / hice) ________ un tour de la catedral y me gustó mucho. ¡Qué divertido (fui / fue)_________ la excursión!

Lets practice Ayer yo fui a visitar a mis amigos en la ciudad. Nosotros fuimos al mercado. Allí hicimos cosas interesantes. Vimos aretesanía y comimos platos regionales. Mis amigos me hicieron caminar por toda la ciudad. Yo hice un tour de la catedral y me gustó mucho. ¡Qué divertido fue la excursión!

Volver (o > ue) – yo _______ – tú _______ – él _______ – nosotros _______ – ellos _______

Volver (o > ue) – yo volví – tú volviste – él volvió – nosotros volvimos – ellos volvieron – Stem-changing –er verbs do not change in the preterite!

And stem-changing –IR verbs? Do you remember that –ir verbs are special in the –ndo form because they make a vowel change? – dormir (o > ue) >> durmiendo – servir (e > i) >> sirviendo – preferir (e > ie) >> prefiriendo Well, guess what? They change in the él/ellos form only: – yo dormí – tú dormiste – él durmió – nosotros dormimos – ellos durmieron

Another example Vestirse (e > i) –y–yo me vestí –t–tú te vestiste –é–él se vistió –n–nosotros nos vestimos –e–ellos se vistieron

Un momento, por favor… Here are three more: Pedir (e > i) –é–él pidió –e–ellos pidieron Preferir (e > ie) –é–él prefirió –e–ellos prefirieron Servir (e > i) –é–él sirvió –e–ellos sirvieron

Lets practice! Gloria ______ (llegar) a la oficina a las 8 y ______ (empezar) a trabajar. Primero, _______ (terminar) una carta. Después, _______ (escribir) un informe. Luego, _____ (pedir) el almuerzo.

Qué tal salió? Gloria llegó a la oficina a las 8 y empezó a trabajar. Primero, terminó una carta. Después, escribió un informe. Luego, pidió el almuerzo.

Uno más, por favor! Tú ______ (salir) de casa a las 7,30, ______ (llegar) a la oficina a las 8, y ______ (comenzar) a trabajar. Primero, _______ (leer) varias cartas. Después, _______ (escribir) un informe. Luego, _____ (pedir) el almuerzo. Por fin, ________ (ver) a muchas personas y ________ (hablar) con ellas. _________ (volver) a casa a las 4,30

Qué tal salió? Tú saliste de casa a las 7,30, llegaste a la oficina a las 8, y comenzaste a trabajar. Primero, leiste varias cartas. Después, escribiste un informe. Luego, pediste el almuerzo. Por fin, viste a muchas personas y hablaste con ellas. Volviste a casa a las 4,30.

Thats all, folks!