THE NATIONAL CLIMATE ACTION PLAN OF COSTA RICA Pascal Girot Ministry of Environment and Energy

Contents Alignment of internacional policy instruments Costa Rica’s current and future climate risks Costa Rica’s Climate Policy Framework Adaptation Plan Process Adaptation Policy

Adaptation and the alignment of multilateral policy instruments INTERNATIONAL NATIONAL Sustainable Development Agenda 2015-2030 (Sustainable Development Goals) Sendai Framework for Action on Disaster Risk Reduction 2015- 2030 UNFCCC Paris Agreement(2021--- ) National Development Plan 2015- 2018 (Revised every 4 years) National Policy on Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 National Climate Change Strategy (2010-2021) Intended National Determined Contribution (2015)

Costa Rica’s vulnerability to extreme climate events The impact of hydrological events continues to increase. Between 2005-2016, extreme climate events have created economic losses totaling 1.62 Billion US Dollars( 2011) It is estimated that 78.2% of these damages are in public infrastructure, while the rest is private property. Infrastructure has experienced the biggest impact, followed by power distribution networks, agriculture and housing; four vital activities for country development. If the country continues to follow its current path, according to some studies, in 2030 losses will amount to more than 7 Billion US Dollars, accounted since 2006, and could reach by 2050 almost 30 Billion US Dollars.

Long Standing Analysis of Exposure and Vulnerability Since the 1990s, the National Meteorological Institute has published over 40 reports on adaptation Most focus on characterization and mapping of vulnerability Many report include concrete recommendations on the integrated management of water resources ( since 2005)

Milestones in Costa Rica’s Sustainable Development Pathway Carbon Neutrality Goal established(2007) C-Neutral Brand launched 53% forest cover 99% Electricity coverage 92% Electricity generation from renewables National Climate Change Strategy launched (2009) Action Plan for the National Climate Change Strategy (2011) Costa Rica starts to build a National Sustainable Development Agenda, based on Biodiversity Conservation, Forestry and Renewable Energy 1997 1990 2000 2007 2010 2015 Environmental Service Payments launched (1997) INDC Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (2015) Priority sectors for Mitigation: Transport Agriculture and Livestock Energy Waste Third National Communication presented to the UNFCCC (2014) Strategy for Ecosystem based Adaptation by the National Protected Area System –SINAC (2015) El país no viene construyendo sus contribuciones nacionales desde hace 2 años, tiene 2 décadas trabajando en las mismas. El país comprende desde los años 90s que dentro de su situación geográfica y de recursos como país, su riqueza yace en capital ambiental y por ende se da a la tarea construir un esquema para incrementar ese capital, mediante una agenda verde. A finales de los 90 se pone en marcha PSA, a inicios del presente siglo se empieza a consolidar la palabra eco turismo, el financiamiento forestal y Costa Rica se presenta un como una economía de servicios regional. A la fecha el país a invertido en esta agenda más de U$D 500 MM. Como parte de su reinvención se en el 2007 plantea una meta ambiciosa del Carbono Neutralidad y para el 2010 se dan los primeros pasos hacia una marca país de C-Neutral. Hoy en día dado este reto el país y el nuevo que representan las Contribuciones Nacionales, toma ambos y los replantea de una manera que a continuación comentaremos….. KEY INSTITUTIONS CREATED National Forestry Finance Fund created (FONAFIFO) Eco-tourism Consolidation of National Protected Areas System (SINAC) Service oriented economy Environmental impact assessments (SETENA) (1998) Long Standing Policy on Renewable Electricity production –today 97% of electricity comes from renwables(1946-2016)

Adaptation Goals in Costa Rica’s INDC Costa Rica assumes, for 2016-2030, the following commitments in adaptation: Develop a National Adaptation Plan Synergies with Disaster Risk Reduction Policy Promoting Community Based Adaptation Strengthening Ecosystem-Based Adaptation Link to Local Land Use Planning and Territorial Adaptation Adaptation of Public Infrastructure Ecosystem Health and Adaptation Capacity Building, Technology Transfer and financing Adaptation

PNA (NAP) Costa Rica Política (Marco Conceptual) NAP MESAS DE TRABAJO ADAPTACIÓN TRANSFORMATIVA Política (Marco Conceptual) Biodiversidad/ Infraestructura GIRH/ Turismo Agro-productivo/ Salud NAP MESAS DE TRABAJO Cómo se trabaja a nivel Regional-Local Piloto Regional Huetar Norte/ ESPARZA (SETENA) Plan Regulador y Plan Estratégico Desarrollo Humano Guía Práctica cómo trabajar adaptación Escenarios Climáticos (IMN) SETENA Insumos para planificar (IMN)

Objectives of Costa Rica’s National Adaptation Plan Overall Objective Strengthen the country’s capacities to increase adaptive capacities in all sectors, strengthen resilience and reduce vulnerability to climate chang, contributing to sustainable development goals, through planned actions that aim to minimize the negative impacts and enhance the positive impacts to build greater resilience to climate change. Specitic Objectives: Establish the overall conceptual framework for climate change Adaptation in Costa Rica Establish the institutional framework under which the Climate Action Plan in Adaptation will opérate Define the general guidelines for the development and implementation of sectoral and territorial Adaptation plans Define cross-cutting actions across sectors and territories, required for a more effective Climate Action Plan in Adaptation. Establish a calendar for the formulation of sectoral and territorial Adaptation plans.

SECTORAL AND TERRITORIAL ADAPTATION PLANS National Development Plan Sectoral Breakdown Regional/Territorial Adaptation Plans

MESAS DE TRABAJO COMITÉ DIRECTIVO PNA DCC, MINAE, MIDEPLAN, CNE, IMN CONSEJO PRESIDENCIAL AMBIENTAL CONSEJO SECTORIAL AMBIENTAL COMITÉ DIRECTIVO PNA DCC, MINAE, MIDEPLAN, CNE, IMN MESAS DIRECCIÓN ESTRATÉGICA: Agro y pesca Turismo Infraestructura Recurso Hídrico Biodiversidad Y Bosque Salud MESAS DE TRABAJO TEMAS TRANSVERSALES: GESTIÓN DEL RIESGO, ENFOQUE DE GÉNERO, MÉTRICA, SENSIBILIZACIÓN, PUEBLOS Indigenas Fuente: Dirección Cambio Climático, Abril 2017

AGROPECUARIO-PESCA Y RECURSO HÍDRICO AGROPECUARIO Y PESCA SEPSA-MAG RECURSO HÍDRICO Comité Hidrológico

Costa Rica’s Draft Adaptation Policy NAP 1. Climate Services and Capacity Developement 2. Land Use Planning and Regional and Local Plans 3. Ecosystem Services for Adaptation 4. Adaptation in Public Services 5. Adaptation in Productive Sectors 6. Financial Security and Investment

Thank you! Any questions? pascalgirot@gmail.com pgirot@minae.go.cr www.cambioclimaticocr.com