El subjuntivo with conjunctions of time El subjuntivo is used after certain conjunctions of time to show that you are not sure when or if something will happen.

You use the indicative (not subjunctive) with the same conjunctions of time when the main clause refers to the present or the past. Use the indicative when you are certain about the outcome of the action. Use the subjunctive when you are not sure.

CuandoWhen En cuantoAs soon as Hasta queUntil Tan pronto como As soon as

TRIGGERS FOR SUBJUNCTIVE: Main clause/Independent clause (conjunction) Dependent clause FUTURE (conjunction) SUBJUNCTIVE COMMAND (conjunction) SUBJUNCTIVE CONTINGENCY (conjunction) SUBJUNCTIVE (poder, someone can do this, or is going to do this)

TRIGGERS FOR INDICATIVE (not subjunctive): Main clause/Independent clause (conjunction) Dependent clause PRESENT (conjunction) INDICATIVE PAST (conjunction) INDICATIVE HABITUAL (conjunction) INDICATIVE TRUTH (conjunction) INDICATIVE

SUBJUNTIVO (not sure of outcome)INDICATIVO (certain of outcome) FUTURE Bucearán hasta que anochezca. They will scuba dive until it gets dark. (whenever that may be) PAST Bucearon hasta que anocheció. They scuba dived (were scuba diving) until it got dark. (it definitely got dark) COMMAND Avísame cuando sepas. Let me know when you find out. (whenever that may be) HABITUAL/PRESENT Siempre me avisas cuando sabes. You always let me know when you find something out. (speaking with certainty) Will/can Vas a comer tan pronto como lleguen. You are going to eat as soon as they arrive. (whenever that may be) PAST Comimos tan pronto como llegaron. We ate as soon as they arrived. (They definitely arrived) Can/ contingency (as long as) Puedes ir al cine en cuanto termines la tarea. You can go to the movies when you finish your homework (whenever that may be) Poder, tener que, buscar Yo salí de mi casa en cuanto supe las noticas. I left my house as soon as I found out the news (all definitely happened)

Remember, words that change in the present tense, indicative YO form will change throughout the subjunctive: Conocer conozca, Amanecer amanezca, ETC

REGLA (for now anyway): If the first half of the sentence has a subjunctive trigger AND is in either the future tense or the present tense indicative, use the present tense subjunctive. If the first half of the sentence is in the past tense indicative (preterite/imperfect) USE the SAME TENSE (preterite/imperfect).

1. Diremos la verdad tan pronto como ____________________. (saber) 2. Saldré con mi novio cuando lo ___________________ (ver) 3. Comiste en cuanto____________________ de la casa. (llegar) 4. Busqué mi llavero tan pronto como _____________________. (abrir) el coche. 5. Correremos por el sendero hasta que nos___________________. (comer) un cocodrilo

1.Vamos a caminar por el sendero hasta que ______________________ (ver) la montaña. 2.Máximo y Pedro van a visitar el zoológico tan pronto como ____________________(poder). 3.Josefina y Andrea siempre hablan hasta que ________________________________(amanecer). 4.Carmía y yo bucearemos cuando _______________________________(obtener, like tener!) dinero.

5.Normalmente estudiamos cuando __________________________(tener) tiempo. 6.Puedes pasar tiempo con tus amigos en cuanto ________________________(limpiar) tu habitación. 7.Viajé a México cuando _______________________(recibir) unos boletos de regalo. 8.Escríbeme una carta tan pronto como __________________(aprender) a escribir en árabe.

Ejemplo: comer / encontrar un abrelatas: Yo comeré tan pronto como encuentre un abrelatas. 9. Ella/ Ir de compras / aprender a manejar el coche __________________________________________________ _______________________ 10. Mi hermana/ Buscar un trabajo / saber sus planes del verano (saber is irregular!) __________________________________________________ _____________________________ 11.Tú /Ayudar a la gente sin hogar / tener tiempo __________________________________________________ ______________________

12. Mis amigos y yo / Practicar el español / entender la tarea ________________________________________________ _____________________________ 13. Tú / Darme un libro / usar tu tarjeta de Barnes and Noble. ________________________________________________ _____________________________ 14. Ustedes / Poder descansar / terminar los quehaceres. ________________________________________________ _____________________________

15. I will help you as soon as I find my book. _______________________________________ __________________________ 16.We can begin when the TV program finishes. _______________________________________ __________________________ 17.Well dance until the sun comes up! _______________________________________ __________________________

1.Its sad that he has no friends. _______________________________________ __________________________ 2.I doubt that you work hard to get good grades. _______________________________________ __________________________ 3. Its true that I wash dishes. _______________________________________ __________________________

4.Its not true that he takes care of the dog. __________________________________________ _______________________ 5.Its a shame that the city has so much pollution. __________________________________________ _______________________ 6.I dont think that the humpback whale spends time with the sharks. __________________________________________ _______________________

7.Lets leave when she finishes her project. __________________________________________ _______________________ 8.I want to play soccer until the doctor tells me no. __________________________________________ _______________________ 9.We swam in the fresh water lake until our parents called us. __________________________________________ _______________________