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Simple, isolated action that is totally completed in the past (happened once) Beginning or end of action Happened a specific number of times Happened at or during a specific time Main action or event MOVED THE STORY FORWARD
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Entonces De momento Aquella semana Anteayer En febrero El lunes Una vez Anoche La semana pasada El 25 de julio De repente Por fin Una noche Durante
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Repeated, habitual actions (“used to, was, would”) Descriptions in the past Ongoing actions (you don’t know when they started or stopped) Telling time in the past ◦ Eran las dos
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Age in the past Mental or physical state of being in the past ◦ Verbs like: saber, conocer, querer, creer, estar, and tener are usually imperfect Background information DOESN’T MOVE THE STORY FORWARD
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Generalmente Constantemente Siempre Frecuentemente Normalmente Todas las tardes Cada semana De costumbre A menudo A veces Con frecuencia Por lo general Regularmente De vez en cuando
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Well, it was Tuesday, and I was walking through the park. As I was following a path through the trees, I suddenly fell to the ground. I tripped over a rock. I laughed to myself because I was afraid someone would have seen me fall.
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If we want to say… was ___ing or used to do ◦ We use the IMPERFECT If we want to say… did once, aka talked (with the _____ed) ◦ We will use the PRETERITE
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Something was happening, when an action ‘interrupted’ it. ◦ The ongoing action is imperfect, and the action that ‘interrupts’ is preterite. In a long narrative. ◦ The part that seems to be descriptive, background info is imperfect, while actions and specific events are preterite.
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While I was walking in Florida, I saw a gator (el caimán). Mientras caminaba en Florida, vi a un caimán. (interruption of an ongoing action)
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I left Florida, and went to Belize. It was sunny when I arrived! Salí de Florida, y fui a Belize. Hacía mucho sol cuando llegué. (action, weather, action)
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A few Spanish verbs have different meanings in the imperfect and the preterite tenses: SABER CONOCER QUERER NO QUERER PODER
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Imperfect – “knew” ¿Sabías que el concierto empezaba tarde? Did you know that the concert began late? Preterite – “found out, learned” Sí, supe ayer que empezaba tarde. Yes, I found out that it began late.
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Imperfect – “knew (somebody)” Pedro conocía muy bien a esa actriz. Pedro knew that actress very well. Preterite – “met (somebody) for the first time” Luis la conoció el año pasado. Luis met her last year.
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Imperfect – “wanted to” Luis quería comprar las entradas hoy. Luis wanted to buy the tickets today. Preterite – “tried to, attempted to” Yo quise comprarlas, pero me enfermé. I tried to buy them but I got sick.
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Imperfect – “didn’t want to” No querían ver esa obra de teatro. They didn’t want to see that play. Preterite – “refused to” No quisieron ver esa obra de teatro. They refused to see that play.
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Imperfect – “was able to, could” Ella podía aprender la letra de la canción. She was able to learn the letter of the song. Preterite – “managed to, succeeded in” Ella pudo aprender la letra de esa canción. She succeeded in learning the letter of that song.
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