ineqUAlityineqUAlity of and Comparisons of Inequality Used to compare two things which are not the same. You are bigger than I. I am taller than you.

Presentación del tema: "ineqUAlityineqUAlity of and Comparisons of Inequality Used to compare two things which are not the same. You are bigger than I. I am taller than you."— Transcripción de la presentación:

1

2 ineqUAlityineqUAlity of and

3 Comparisons of Inequality Used to compare two things which are not the same. You are bigger than I. I am taller than you. I can run faster than you. We can play better than you any day.

4 In Spanish, inequality is expressed by using one of the following formulas: más (menos) + noun + que más (menos) + adverb + que más (menos) + adjective + que

5 Here are some examples: Tú eres más bobo que yo. You are sillier than I. Mónica habla más lentamente que el payaso. Monica speaks more slowly than the clown. Tengo menos dientes que Bozo. I have fewer teeth than Bozo.

6 A Practicar There are more girls than boys. Hay _____ chicas que chicos. You are taller than Emilio. Tú eres más alto _____Emilio. I have more meetings than you. Tengo más reuniones _____tú. I earn less money than she. Gano_____ dinero que ella. más que que menos

7 The doctor is less intelligent than the nurse. El mèdico es________inteligente que la enfermera. There are fewer hospitals than doctors. Hay________ hospitales que mèdicos. Being a doctor is more difficult than speaking Spanish. Ser un médico es ______ difícil que hablar español. Pablo es less sick than his grandmother. Pablo está menos enfermo_____su abuela. menos màs que

8 Some unequal comparisons are made with comparative words mejor - better peor - worse mayor - older menor - younger Esta pizza està mejor que la otra. Mi hermano es mayor que yo. Usted escucha peor que mi perro.

9 mejor - bettermayor - older peor - worsemenor - younger Since these words are already comparisons, you DO NOT need to use más or menos with them. That would be like saying “more better” or “less younger”. Ay, caramba!

10 Comparisons of Equality When things being compared have equal characteristics, a comparison of equality is used. The book is as bad as the movie. The boy is as ugly as the girl.

11 To form the comparisons of equality using adjectives or adverbs, use the following formula: tan + adjective / adverb + como For example: El café es tan bueno como el té. (The coffee is as good as the tea.) El chico es tan alto como la chica. (The boy is as tall as the girl.)

12 To form comparisons of equality with nouns, use the following formula: tanto(-a,-os,-as) + noun + como  for example: Juan tiene tanto dinero como María. (as much money as) Él tiene tanta paciencia como ella. (as much patience as)

13 ¿TANTO, TANTA, TANTOS, TANTAS? Choose the form of tanto to agree with the noun it modifies. tanto dinero tanta paciencia tantos libros tantas plumas

14 When actions (not things) are being compared, use the following formula: verb + tanto como For example: Rosario cocina tanto como Josefina. (cooks as much as) Las naranjas cuestan tanto como las manzanas. (cost as much as)

15 If you want to add a describing word to say HOW something is done, add the adverb the same way you would in English: verb + tan + adverb + como Aquí trabajamos tan fuerte como allí. (work as hard as) El niño corre tan rápido como la niña. (runs as fast as) Ellos duermen tan poco como ella. (sleep as little as)

16 If you want to add a describing word to say HOW something is done, add the adverb the same way you would in English: verb + tan + adverb + como Aquí trabajamos tan fuerte* como allí. (work as hard as) El niño corre tan rápido* como la niña. (runs as fast as) Ellos duermen tan poco* como ella. (sleep as little as) *(notice that adverbs are neutral – not f. nor m. )

17 A Practicar You are as tall as Emilio. Tú eres _____ alto _______Emilio. You are as slow as a turtle. Tu eres _____ lento ______ una tortuga. There are as many girls as boys. Hay _____ chicas ______ chicos. I earn as much money as she. Gano_____ dinero _______ ella. tan como tan como tantascomo tantocomo

18 Un poquito más Sometimes you can use comparisons of equality together with a negative word in order to indicate inequality. Hold on to your hat!

19 For example: You are not as handsome as I am. Tú no eres tan guapo como yo. You don’t have as many girlfriends as I do. Tú no tienes tantas novias como yo. Sometimes you can use comparisons of equality together with a negative word in order to indicate inequality.

20 Write 2 comparisons of equality and 2 comparisons of inequality about any aspects of the middle school and high school.

21 of

22 Superlatives are comparisons between one thing and many others. They are used when you want to say something stands out uniquely in a certain field.

23 For example: My car is the coolest of all. I am the tallest in my family. Tiger Band is the best in Texas!

24 The structure of these comparisons in Spanish is very similar to those in English. My car is the coolest of all. Mi carro es el más chévere de todos. Subject / verb THE most important word here! What is being compared goes here. What category does the subject excel in? I am the tallest in my family. Yo soy la más alta de mi familia. All of these are relative superlatives, since the comparison relates one thing to many others.

25 ¡La banda de los Tigres es la mejor banda de Texas! el – la – los – las This article is the most important word in the sentence, because by itself, mejor only means “better”, but when placed after el – la – los – las it means THE best.

26 Para practicar: My cat is the biggest of all cats. Mi gato es el más grande de todos los gatos. My cat has the longest tail of all tails. Mi gato tiene la cola más larga de todas las colas. My grandma and grandpa the oldest in our family. Mi abuelo y mi abuela son los mayores de la famila.

27 Other superlatives are absolute, meaning they make one statement about the subject, without relating it to others. To form these superlatives, add –ísimo or –ísima to the adjective (but first drop the ending to the adjective). ¿Tu gato es grande? ¡No, es grandísimo! ¿Son guapos Brad Pitt y George Clooney? íNo, son guapísimos!

28 ¡Pero hay un problema! If the adjective ends with a –c or a –g after taking off the agreement ending, it acquires a spelling-change. Bill Gates es rico  rico  riquísimo (because otherwise, “ricísimo” sounds like “risísimo”.) La tarea de inglés es larga.  larga  larguísima. (because otherwise, “largísima” sounds like “larjísima”.

29 ¡Pero hay OTRO problema! Don’t use –ísimo if the adjective already has a lot of “s” sounds in it. perezoso  perezosísimo Instead, use other modifiers: ¡Mi gato es increíblemente perezoso!

30 Más excepciones: Very long adjectives do not acquire an additional 3 syllables with –ísimo. Instead, just add other qualifiers in front of the adjective in order to magnify it: muy  super  extremadamente Los chicos de la banda son super talentosos. Los estudiantes de francés son muy eccéntricos. Los estudiantes de la Sra. Gardner son extremadamente inteligentes.

31 Una cosa más:  Never combine the two forms of superlatives.  You can say: Los buitres son feísimos. Los buitres son los más feos de los pájaros. But you can’t say: Los buitres son los feísimos de todos.

32

33 Can you tell which comparison words complete each comparison? Tú tienes tres proyectos y yo tengo tres también. Yo tengo que hacer _________ proyectos ___________ tú. Mis amigos llegan __________ tarde ___________ yo porque llegamos juntos. Los viernes son ________________. ¡El día nunca termina! La clase de español es ___ _____ divertida _____ todas mis clases. Mi papá trabaja mucho. Mi mamá trabaja mucho. Mi papá trabaja __________ __________ mi mamá. Yo tengo 14 años. Mis padres tienen 50. Ellos son ___________ ____ yo. Pienso que The Matrix es ____ ______ película que conozco. ¡Me encanta! A veces, los chicos peces son _______________________. (incredibly immature) Las gallinas no son _______ grandes _________ los pavos. Son ______ pequeñas. tantos como tan como larguísimos la más de tanto como mayores que la mejor Increíblemente inmaduros tan comomás