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ENGRANAJES
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RUEDAS RECTAS ENGRANAJE RECTO Valores Caracteristicos:
Número de dientes, z Módulo, m en mm Paso= m
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NOMENCLATURA DIMENSIONES: Diámetro medio: D= m z
Diámetro de cabeza: D= m (z+2) Diámetro de fondo: D= m (z-2,5)
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RUEDAS RECTAS ENGRANAJE RECTO
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Geometría de las ruedas rectas
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RUEDAS RECTAS FUERZAS GENERADAS Fuerza Tangencial: Ft = Mt / R
Fuerza Radial: Fr = Ft Tg , ángulo de contacto. Valor habitual, =20º
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RUEDAS HELICOIDALES Valores Caracteristicos: Número de dientes, z
Módulo, m en mm Paso= m a, ángulo de hélice. Valores habituales de 15º 20º DIMENSIONES: Diámetro medio: D= ma z Diámetro de cabeza: D= ma (z+2) Diámetro de fondo: D= ma (z-2,5) Módulo aparente: ma = m / cos a
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RUEDAS HELICOIDALES FUERZAS GENERADAS Fuerza Tangencial: Ft = Mt / Ra
Fuerza Radial: Fr = Ft Tg a Tg a = Tg / Cos a Fuerza axial: Fr = Ft Tg a
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RUEDAS CONICAS Valores Caracteristicos: Número de dientes, z
Módulo, m medio en mm Paso= m 1 - 2, ángulos de paso. Ejes perpendiculares: 1 + 2 = 90º DIMENSIONES: Diámetro medio: D= m z Diámetro de cabeza: D= m (z+2) Diámetro de fondo: D= m (z-2,5)
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RUEDAS CONICAS FUERZAS GENERADAS Fuerza Tangencial: Ft = Mt / Rmedio
Fuerza Radial: Fr = Ft Tg Cos Fuerza axial: Fr = Ft Tg Sen
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Aplicación de los diferentes tipos de ruedas
En la figura se muestra una batidora industrial, en la que podemos ver los diferentes tipos de engranajes.
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Engranaje, tornillo sin fín
a.) de dientes cilíndricos b.) doble envolvente.
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Pasos diametrales preferidos
Pasos diametrales preferidos para cuatro clases de dientes
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Pasos diametrales Pasos diametrales estándares comparados con el tamaño del diente. Se supone un tamaño real
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Addendum, Dedendum and Clearance
Table Formulas for addendum, dedendum, and clearance (pressure angle 20°, full-depth involute.) Text Reference: Table 14.2, page 623
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Pitch and Base Circles Figure Pitch and base circles for pinion and gear as well as line of action and pressure angle. Text Reference: Figure 14.8, page 624
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Involute Curve Figure 14.9 Construction of involute curve.
Text Reference: Figure 14.9, page 625
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Contact Ratio Figure Illustration of parameters important in defining contact ratio. Text Reference: Figure 14.10, page 629
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Line of Action Figure Details of line of action, showing angles of approach and recess for both pinion and gear. Text Reference: Figure 14.11, page 629
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Backlash Figure 14.12 Illustration of backlash in gears.
Text Reference: Figure 14.12, page 632
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Recommended Minimum Backlash
Table Recommended minimum backlash for coarse-pitch gears. Text Reference: Table 14.3, page 633
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Externally Meshing Spur Gears
Figure Externally meshing spur gears. Text Reference: Figure 14.13, page 635
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Internally Meshing Spur Gears
Figure Internally meshing spur gears. Text Reference: Figure 14.14, page 635
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Simple Gear Train Figure 14.15 Simple gear train.
Text Reference: Figure 14.15, page 636
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Compound Gear Train Figure 14.16 Compound gear train.
Text Reference: Figure 14.16, page 636
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Example 14.7 Figure 14.17 Gear train used in Example 14.7.
Text Reference: Figure 14.17, page 637
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Allowable Bending Stress vs. Brinell Hardness
Figure Effect of Brinell hardness on allowable bending stress for two grades of through-hardened steel [ANSI/AGMA Standard 1012-F90, Gear Nomenclature, Definition of Terms with Symbols, American Gear Manufacturing Association, ] Text Reference: Figure 14.18, page 638
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Contact Stress vs. Brinell Hardness
Figure Effect of Brinell Hardness on allowable contact stress for two grades of through-hardened steel. [ANSI/AGMA Standard 1012-F90, Gear Nomenclature, Definition of Terms with Symbols, American Gear Manufacturing Association, ] Text Reference: Figure 14.19, page 639
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Forces on Gear Tooth Figure Forces acting on individual gear tooth. Text Reference: Figure 14.20, page 640
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Bending Stresses Figure Forces and length dimensions used in determining bending tooth stresses. (a) Tooth; (b) cantilevered beam. Text Reference: Figure 14.20, page 641
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Lewis Form Factors Table Lewis form factors for various numbers of teeth (pressure angle 20°, full depth involute). Text Reference: Table 14.4, page 642
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Spur Gear Geometry Factors
Figure Spur gear geometry factors for pressure angle of 20° and full-depth involute. [ANSI/AGMA Standard 1012-F90, Gear Nomenclature, Definition of Terms with Symbols, American Gear Manufacturing Association, ] Text Reference: Figure 14.21, page 643
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Application Factor Table Application factor as a function of driving power source and driven machine. Text Reference: Table 14.5, page 643
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Size Factor Table Size factor as a function of diametral pitch or module. Text Reference: Table 14.6, page 644
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Load Distribution Factor
Figure Load distribution factor as function of face width and ratio of face width to pitch diameters. Commercial quality gears assumed. [From Mott (1992).] Text Reference: Figure 14.23, page 645
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Dynamic Factor Figure Dynamic factor as function of pitch-line velocity and transmission accuracy level number. Text Reference: Figure 14.24, page 645
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Helical Gear Figure 14.25 Helical gear. (a) Front view; (b) side view.
Text Reference: Figure 14.25, page 651
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Pitches of Helical Gears
Figure Pitches of helical gears. (a) Circular; (b) axial. Text Reference: Figure 14.26, page 652
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Motor Torque and Speed Figure Torque and speed of motor as function of current for industrial mixer used in case study. Text Reference: Figure 14.28, page 655
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