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Extending the record of fish regime change using fish assemblages from Peruvian archaeological sites Dan Sandweiss University of Maine November 2003
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From Anchovies to Sardines and Back: Multidecadal Change in the Pacific Ocean Francisco P. Chavez, John Ryan, Salvador E. Lluch-Cota, Miguel Ñiquen C. Science 299, 217 (2003) From the Abstract: “In the Pacific Ocean, air and ocean temperatures, atmospheric carbon dioxide, landings of anchovies and sardines, and the productivity of coastal and open ocean ecosystems have varied over periods of about 50 years. In the mid-1970s, the Pacific changed from a cool ‘anchovy regime’ to a warm ‘sardine regime.’ A shift back to an anchovy regime occurred in the middle to late 1990s.”
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Lo Demás Inka Period fishing site 200 km south of Lima, Peru Occupied ca. 1480-1540 A.D.
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The Inka Empire Began ca. 1440 A.D. Conquered Chincha ca. 1479 A.D. Fell to Spaniards 1532 A.D. (Lo Demás) Machu Picchu
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1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 cal AD 1480 1540 1 sigma calibrated range Sector IV Sector I Lo Demás: Sector I Chronological data
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Lo Demás Airphoto 1942 Courtesy: Servicio Aerofotográfico Nacional del Perú El Cumbe Cemetery B
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Photo view Lo Demás Sector I
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