1 El Pretérito de los verbos 2 I went to the store. I bought a shirt. I paid in cash. El Pretérito: is a past tense (“-ed”) talks about what happened.

Presentación del tema: "1 El Pretérito de los verbos 2 I went to the store. I bought a shirt. I paid in cash. El Pretérito: is a past tense (“-ed”) talks about what happened."— Transcripción de la presentación:

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2 1 El Pretérito de los verbos

3 2 I went to the store. I bought a shirt. I paid in cash. El Pretérito: is a past tense (“-ed”) talks about what happened is a completed action

4 3 The stem for regular verbs in the pretérito is the infinitive stem. Tomartom- Hablarhabl- Comercom- Beberbeb- Abrirabr- Salirsal- 1.

5 4 Pretérito endings for -ar verbs are: -é -aste -ó -amos -asteis -aron

6 5 Pretérito endings for –er / -ir verbs are: -í -iste -ió -imos -isteis -ieron

7 6 REMEMBER: accents on the “yo” form and the “él / ella / Ud.” form -ar / -ir “nosotros” form is the same in present and pretérito

8 7 (-ar verbs) tomé tomaste tomó tomamos tomasteis tomaron Por ejemplo: tomar

9 8 (-er / -ir verbs) comí comiste comió comimos comisteis comieron Por ejemplo: comer

10 9 (-er / -ir verbs) abrí abriste abrió abrimos abristeis abrieron Por ejemplo: abrir

11 10 Unos Verbos Irregulares…: dar ver ser ir di, diste, dio, dimos, disteis, dieron vi, viste, vio, vimos, visteis, vieron fui, fuiste, fue, fuimos, fuisteis, fueron * compound verbs are conjugated the same as the basic verbs (oponer, mantener, etc.) * all verbs ending in –ducir are conjugated just like producir * dar / ver / ser / ir have NO accents 2.

12 11 Verbs ending in -car, -gar, and -zar have a spelling change in the “yo” form of the pretérito. buscar tocar practicar pagar jugar llegar almorzar empezar comenzar Irregular “yo” form: 3.

13 12 The “yo” form of the pretérito changes to conserve the sound of the infinitive: -car -gar -zar “-qué” “-gué” “-cé” “tocé” “jugé” “rezé”

14 13 (-car verbs) practiqué practicaste practicó practicamos practicasteis practicaron Por ejemplo: practicar

15 14 (-gar verbs) jugué jugaste jugó jugamos jugasteis jugaron Por ejemplo: jugar

16 15 (-zar verbs) almorcé almorzaste almorzó almorzamos almorzasteis almorzaron Por ejemplo: almorzar

17 16 Verbs ending -ir that have a stem change in the present tense, also have a stem change in the pretérito in the 3 rd person forms: 4. Stem-change verbs: E -- I: O -- U: convertir, servir, repetir, sentir, seguir, pedir dormir, morir

18 17 servíservimos servisteservisteis sirviósirvieron Servir: dormídormimos dormistedormisteis durmiódurmieron Dormir:

19 18 ** Unas notas importantes…: * reír / sonreír follow this rule, but they have accents on all forms except 3 rd plural * verbs with stems ending in –ñ drop the i in the 3 rd singular and plural * gruñir / ceñir / reñir

20 19 The following verbs are simply irregular in the pretérito. They have irregular stems, and share a common set of irregular endings. These endings are: 5. Verbos Irregulares: -e -iste -o -imos -isteis -ieron

21 20 Los Verbos Son…: andar estar tener caber haber poder poner saber hacer querer venir anduv- estuv- tuv- cup- hub- pud- pus- sup- hic- * quis- vin- * The 3 rd person singular form of hacer is hizo

22 21 Additional verbs are also irregular in the pretérito. They have a “j” in their stems, and also share a common set of irregular endings. These endings are: Verbos Irregulares (cont.): -e -iste -o -imos -isteis -eron

23 22 Estos Verbos Son…: decir traer producir dij- traj- produj- dijedijimos dijistedijisteis dijo dijeron Decir: trajetrajimos trajistetrajisteis trajo trajeron Traer:

24 23 6. Verbs ending in –er / -ir with a vowel directly in front of the ending (“double-vowel” verbs) insert a “y” in the third person singular and plural forms * all other forms have an accent over the “i” * traer / atraer are exceptions to this rule * -guir verbs are exceptions to this rule * -uir verbs follow the rule, but do not have accents over the –i in all other forms

25 24 Ejemplos de este tipo de verbo: Caer Creer Leer Oír Poseer -í, -iste, -yó, -ímos, -ísteis, -yeron

26 25 caícaímos caístecaísteis cayócayeron Caer: creícreímos creístecreísteis creyócreyeron Creer: leíleímos leísteleísteis leyóleyeron Leer: oíoímos oísteoísteis oyóoyeron Oír:

27 26 Los Usos del pretérito: * talks about a single action / event or a completed action / event in the past * conocer, saber, tener, querer, poder change their meaning in the pretérito Conocer – to meet Saber – to find out Tener – to have / receive Querer – to try / to refuse Poder – to manage to