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Preterit versus the Imperfect

Publicada porMaría Mercedes Contreras Díaz Modificado hace 5 años

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Presentación del tema: "Preterit versus the Imperfect"— Transcripción de la presentación:

1 Preterit versus the Imperfect

2 Preterit To conjugate regular –er/-ir verbs
To conjugate regular -ar verbs in the preterite, é aste ó amos asteis aron To conjugate regular –er/-ir verbs í iste ió imos isteis ieron

3 Preterit-tense Generally speaking, the preterit is used for actions in the past that are seen as completed. Use of the preterit tense implies that the past action had a definite beginning and definite end. Juan habló de la una hasta las dos. Juan spoke from one to two o'clock. (clearly stated beginning and end)

4 Preterit It is important to realize that the beginning and the end may not always be clearly stated. Juan habló dos horas. Juan spoke for two hours. (implied beginning and end) Juan habló con la estudiante. Juan spoke with the student. (implied beginning and end)

5 Timeline present

6 preterit Rule #1 Used to describe actions in the past, especially if the beginning or the end of the action is given. Anoche comimos a las 8 de la noche

7 preterit Rule #2 To describe an action in the past that changed or interrupted a situation. En 1993 mi familia fue a vivir a California.

8 Ayer pasé el día con mis abuelos.
preterit Rule #3 Used to describe actions in the past, when accompanied by such expressions as “ayer, anoche, el lunes pasado, el año pasado, todo el día, una vez, la semana pasada, hoy” Ayer pasé el día con mis abuelos. Hoy estudié todo el día.

9 Some words and phrases indicate specific time frames, and therefore signal the use of the preterite. Pink packet pages 3-4 ayer (yesterday) anteayer (the day before yesterday) anoche (last night) desde el primer momento (from the first moment) durante dos siglos (for two centuries) el otro día (the other day) en ese momento (at that moment) entonces (then)

10 Preterit trigger words
esta mañana (this morning) esta tarde (this afternoon) la semana pasada (last week) el mes pasado (last month) el año pasado (last year) hace dos días, años (two days, years ago) ayer por la mañana (yesterday morning) ayer por la tarde (yesterday afternoon)

11 Imperfect tense

12 Stop Light! Imperfect Regular Verbs
-ir -aba -ábamos -ía -íamos -ía -íamos -íais -abais -ías -ías -abas -íais -ía -ían -ía -aba -aban -ían

13 Irregular Verbs Ir iba ibas íbamos ibais iban Ser era eras éramos
erais eran Ver veía veías veíamos veíais veían

14 Imperfect “would or use to”
Generally speaking, the imperfect is used for actions in the past that are not seen as completed. Use of the imperfect tense implies that the past action did not have a definite beginning or a definite end. Repeated action. “would or use to” Las niñas hablaban en inglés. The girls used to speak in English. (no definite beginning or end)

15 Pink packet page 5 Timeline
present

16 Pink packet page 5 Timeline
present

17 Other words and phrases indicate repetitive, vague or non-specific time frames, and therefore signal the use of the imperfect. a menudo (often) a veces (sometimes) cada día (every day) cada semana (every week) cada mes (every month) cada año (every year) con frecuencia (frequently) siempre (often) Tantas veces (so many times) Todas las semanas (every week) Todos los días (everyday) Todo el tiempo (all the time) Varias veces (several times)

18 Other words and phrases indicate repetitive, vague or non-specific time frames, and therefore signal the use of the imperfect. por un rato (for awhile) siempre (always) tantas veces (so many times) todas las semanas (every week) todos los días (every day) todo el tiempo (all the time) varias veces (several times) (every year)

19 Imperfect tense uses: Stop Light Rule #1
To describe a past actions without any indication of their beginning or end. Like saying “used to” or “would” A Jordan le gustaba jugar al basquetbol

20 Imperfect tense uses.. Stop light rule #2
2. A past action that was continuous or kept happening Jorge hacía la tarea todos los días.

21 Imperfect tense uses.. Stop light rule #3
3. A continuous action with an action that has a defined beginning and end. Mi hermano aspiraba la alfombra cuando mi padre salió de la casa.

22 Beginning with rule #4 NON-NEGOTIABLE!!

23 Imperfect tense uses.. Stop light rule #4
4. To tell what the time was in the past. Era la una de la mañana. Eran las dos menos cuarto. Era de noche. 4. To tell what the weather was like in the past. Hacía frío en Chicago en 1889. Estaba nevando cuando yo nací.

24 Imperfect tense uses.. Stop light rule #5
5. To describe people, places or situations in the past. La catrina, doña Josefa de Gonzáles era una mujer rica. George Washington tenía el pelo canoso y era muy inteligente. Abraham Lincoln llevaba un sombrero negro y era muy serio.

25 Imperfect tense uses.. Stop light rule #5
Describe places in the past En 1889, Paris era una ciudad importante en Francia y tenía una población muy grande. Cuando yo era niña, mi dormitorio tenía muchos animales de peluche y siempre estaba limpio.

26 Imperfect tense uses.. Stop light rule #5
Describe situations/events in the past Cuando era niño, los partidos de los Bears eran divertidos. Mis fiestas de cumpleaños eran muy populares.

27 Imperfect tense uses.. Stop light rule #6
To describe someone’s age in the past with tener. Albert Einstein tenía 22 años cuando era profesor. Tú tenías 10 años cuando jugabas al tenis.

28 Imperfect tense uses.. Stop light rule #7
To describe on going physical, mental, or emotional states in the past. Juan estaba contento. Leo estaba triste. Hector tenía hambre. Luis tenía sed.

29 Imperfect tense uses.. Stop light rule #8
To refer to the future With “ir+a+infinitive” Iba a montar a caballo. Ibas a hacer ejercicio. Ibais a viajar a Nueva York.

30 Imperfect uses.. 9. To form the past progressive tense
ESTAR (imperfect-tense) + Present Participle Estar Estaba Estábamos Estabas Estabais Estaba Estaban Yo estaba cantando. = I was singing -ar, add -ando -iendo -er, add + -iendo -ir, add

31 Imperfect Progressive Tense
cantar estaba cantando estabas cantando estábamos cantando estabais cantando estaban cantando comer estaba comiendo estabas comiendo estábamos comiendo estabais comiendo estaban comiendo vivir estaba viviendo estabas viviendo estábamos viviendo estabais viviendo estaban viviendo

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