¿Qué son los verbos irregulares?

Presentación del tema: "¿Qué son los verbos irregulares?"— Transcripción de la presentación:

1 ¿Qué son los verbos irregulares?

2 Irregular verbs in Spanish
What is an irregular verb in Spanish?

3 An irregular verbs are…
Those that do not follow the standard model of conjugation in the verb. The regular verb conjugation never modifies its root, always will remain for conjugation in the all tenses. Aquellos que no siguen el modelo estándar de la conjugación en el verbo. La conjugación de verbos regulares nunca modificará su raíz, esta siempre quedará para conjugarse en todos los tiempos verbales.

4 question Why the 10 most powerful common Spanish verbs are irregular? Because directly as a of their commonness and high frequency of use. Any verb that is common gets used a great deal, and therefore becomes subject to twisting, contortion, slanging and bending. The more it is used, the more it is changed and the more likely one of its forms or conjugations gets morphed into something else. Se debe directamente a su carácter de uso común o de alta frecuencia en su uso. Cualquier verbo que es de uso común, llegará a utilizarse mucho; por lo tanto, este quedará sujeto a diferentes flexiones, modismos, modificaciones y deformaciones lingüísticas. Cuanto más se utiliza estos verbos, más se cambian y es más probable que una de sus formas o conjugaciones se transforme en otra cosa.

5 The ten most important Spanish verbs – top 10
Ser – to be, when referring to what something is. Estar – to be, when referring to how something is. Very important for constructing phrases like “I am doing” (progressive tenses). Ir – to go, an especially important verb because it is used to construct the forms like “going to” as in “I am going to do something” This acts as an easy and useful way to express a future tense. Tener – to have (to hold). Also important for common phrases like I am cold, I am hot, I am hungry, I am twenty. Spanish speakers “have cold” or “have heat” rather than “are cold/hot, hungry, etc.

6 The ten most important Spanish verbs – top 10
5. Haber – to have. This verb and its conjugations are used to form phrases like “I have gone, I had gone, you would have gone, they will have gone…, etc. These are called compound sentences. Because haber is used as “a tool” to build these other tenses it is called an auxiliary verb. 6. Hacer – to do or to make. There are lots and lots of idiomatic expressions with this verb and a few tricky conjugations. 7. Querer – to want. This is a great verb to master because you can tack any other verb infinitive after it, and this will enable to make lots of phrases. Each new infinitive verb that you learn, will form another word that you can use. Verbs that function this way are called “modal verbs”, and another two follow in this list – deber and poder.

7 The ten most important Spanish verbs – top 10
8. Deber – to have to. Another useful and versatile (able to adapt or be adapted to many different functions or activities) modal verb. 9. Poder – to be able to. Another powerful modal verb to add to your inventory. 10. Decir – to say.

8 question How should I learn the Spanish verb tenses?
One at a time, slowly, from the most essential and commonly used ones to the least so, in order. Place great value on using popular media in the language you’re trying to learn in order to learn that language – TV shows, movies, cartoons, books, news articles, etc. The sooner you can learn just enough Spanish (and it won’t take much) to at least get started in understanding those sources and talking to people in Spanish via language exchanges, the better.  Once you can start doing those things the rate at which you will be learning Spanish will increase significantly.

9 five important steps to learn the ten most common Spanish verbs
Learn the verbs in patterns – Most of the verbs in each group follow similar patterns. So each one that you learn then reinforces the learning of the next verb. As the patterns recur, you will start identify and become familiar with them. Learn the endings – Part of learning the verb patterns described above is learning the verb endings. Spanish verbs all have unique endings for each pronoun (I, you, he, she, we, they, etc) Spanish Speakers drop the pronouns – This is because each of the verbs related to theses pronouns has a unique ending for (I, you, we, you all) (personal pronoun). It is implicit in the verb conjugation Do a verb table day - These ten important Spanish verbs take longer than regulars, because they have their unique quirks and twists. Use ‘em or lose ‘em – The more you practice the better you will get.

10 THE TOP 10 IRREGULAR VERBS What do they have in common?
SER ESTAR IR TENER HABER HACER QUERER DEBER PODER DECIR Their infinitives end with –er 7 of them have 5 letters in their structure Frequent use

11 Learn the verbs in patterns
Most of the verbs in each group follow similar patterns. Every time you learn an irregular verb reinforces the learning of the next verb. As the patterns recur, you will start identify and become familiar with them.

12 Irregular Stem Changing I - Group
Querer (to want) (e-ie) Hacer (to do) Ser (to be) Entender (to understand) (e-ie) Haber (to have) Estar (to be) Poder (to be able to) (o-ue) Ir (to go) Tener (to have) (e-ie) Pedir (to ask for) (e-i) Decir (to tell)

13 What idea do you think is relevant to describe stem changing verbs in spanish?
The simple present tense is used in Spanish in all the cases it is used in English. Spanish also often uses it for actions in progress, when English uses the present progressive: ¿Qué haces? (What are you doing?)

14 VERBOS CON CAMBIO DE RADICAL
STEM CHANGING VERBS VERBOS CON CAMBIO DE RADICAL

15 Verbos con cambio en el radical
Stem Changing Verbs Verbos con cambio en el radical There is a fairly large group of verbs in Spanish that undergo changes in their stem when conjugated in the present tense. These changes occur only in the first and second persons singular and third persons singular and plural. There are three types or classes are called “boot” verbs. Because when a line is drawn around the forms that change, the resulting shape vaguely resembles a boot or high-top shoe; thus, these verbs are sometimes informally called “boot” or “shoe” verbs.

16 Respond to the following trivia
As a group respond the following trivia (click here)

17 Stem changing verb – shoe verbs
Video (click here) Yo - I Nosotros - we Vosotros – you all Tú - you Usted – you Él – he Ella - she Ustedes – you Ellos – they Ellas - they

18 Irregular Verbs – STEM CHANGING VERBS VERBOS CON CAMBIOS DE RADICAL
(e-ie)= querer, entender (e-i)= pedir (o-ue)= poder (u-ue)= jugar Hybrid Verbs: (e-ie, Yo – go) = tener, vengo Yo - I Nosotros - we Vosotros – you all Tú - you Usted – you Él – he Ella - she Ustedes – you Ellos – they Ellas - they

19 3 types of stem changing verbs
(o- ue (u-ue) (e-ie) (e-i)

20 entender – to understand soñar – to dream defender – to defend
almorzar - to have lunch poder – to be able to, to can to return entender – to understand soñar – to dream pedir – to order competir – to compete germir- to grieve, to groan, to moan. defender – to defend encontrar – to find referir – to refer recordar – to remember

21 Empezar - start

22 Type 1: e  ie entiendo entiendes entiende entendemos entendéis
We’ll use entender, to understand, as an example of this type. entiendo entiendes entiende entendemos entendéis entienden entender The stem undergoes the change only when stressed.

23 What it is the difference between querer and preferir?
1 v. tr. 1   Tener el deseo, la voluntad o la intención de hacer o conseguir una cosa: quiero ir a la peluquería esta tarde; quiero creerte, pero no puedo. 2   Sentir afecto, cariño o amor hacia una persona o cosa. amar. 3   Se usa para preguntar la cantidad de dinero que hay que pagar por una cosa: ¿cuánto quiere por la mesa? 4   Se usa para pedir educadamente a una persona lo que se expresa: ¿quieres traerme esto, por favor?; ¿me querrías dejar algo de dinero? 5   Pedir o requerir una cosa que es necesaria o conveniente: estos pantalones quieren un lavado. 6   Dar ocasión o motivos alguien para que suceda alguna cosa negativa o le ocurra a él o a otra persona: estudiando tan poco quieres que te suspendan; este parece querer dejarnos en la calle.

24 Querer – to want Modal Verb – What is it ? (click here)

25 What it Is the difference between querer and preferir?
Querer - To Want: To have a strong feeling to have (something); wish (to possess or do something); desire greatly: Examples: She wants a glass of water. They want to leave. Synonym: desire. Preferir - To Prefer: To choose or be in the habit of choosing as more desirable or as having more value: Example: prefers coffee to tea.

26 STEM CHANGING (E-IE) EMPEZAR, ENTENDER, QUERER, PREFERIR Y PENSAR
To start, understand, want, prefer, and to think

27 To want and to prefer uses
Querer y preferir To want and to prefer uses

28 Expressing desires and preferences
The verbs querer and preferir Expressing desires and preferences Querer and preferir are important stem-changing verbs that have multiple uses.

29 Both querer and preferir can be used with an infinitive directly after them
We start with an appropriate person and number of querer or preferir . . . and then add any infinitive. estudiar estudiar leer quiero queremos escribir comer quieres queréis viajar aprender quiere quieren bailar dormir Rafael quiere esquiar, pero su novia prefiere patinar. Rafael wants to ski, but his girlfriend prefers to skate.

30 When used with a thing as the direct object, querer means to want.
quiero quieres quiere queremos queréis quieren When used with a thing as the direct object, querer means to want.

31 ¿Quiere un sándwich de pollo?
Sí, y quiero papas fritas también, por favor.

32 When used with a person as the direct object, querer means to love.
quiero quieres quiere queremos queréis quieren When used with a person as the direct object, querer means to love.

33 Quiero mucho a su hija, señor Vega.

34 Preferir, of course, means to prefer.
prefiero prefieres prefiere preferimos preferís prefieren Preferir, of course, means to prefer.

35 Prefiero una hamburguesa por favor.
¿Prefiere un sándwich de pollo o una hamburguesa? Prefiero una hamburguesa por favor.

36 Question Why verb conjugations in Spanish so important and why it’s beneficial to you to devote a lot of time to learning them? Being able to properly conjugate verbs is the key to learning the Spanish language.  It’s also 80% of the hard work.  Master it and you’re most of the way there already, the rest are things that are relatively minor by themselves and easily learned.

37 Thinking and planning PENSAR

38 Question Why thinking and planning are necessary skills to succeed in this XXI Century? See the following video (click here)

39 The verb pensar is another very useful stem-changing verb.
Thinking and planning pienso piensas piensa pensamos pensáis piensan The verb pensar is another very useful stem-changing verb.

40 Pensar en means “to think about.”
Thinking and planning Pensar en means “to think about.” 1. Gabriela siempre piensa en sus estudios. Gabriela is always thinking about her studies. 2. Pensamos en el bienestar de la familia. We’re thinking about the wellbeing of the family. 3. ¿En qué piensas? What are you thinking about?

41 Pensar basically means “to think.”
Thinking and planning Pensar basically means “to think.” Me gusta ir al parque para pensar y descansar. I like to go to the park to think and rest.

42 Thinking and planning I think that his novels are wonderful.
Pensar de means “to think of” (to have an opinion about.) ¿Qué piensas de las novelas de Márquez? What do you think of Márquez’s novels? Pensar que means “to think that” (in answer to the above question, for example.) Yo pienso que sus novelas son maravillosas. I think that his novels are wonderful.

43 Thinking and planning Pensar also has a special use . . .
Pensar + infinitive = to plan to do something Pensamos escuchar música en el parque esta tarde. We’re planning to listen to music in the park this afternoon.

44 Respond to the following questions about thinking and planning
¿Qué piensas hacer después de clase? Después de clase, yo pienso . . . ¿Qué piensas hacer este fin de semana? Este fin de semana, pienso . . . ¿Qué piensan hacer Uds. (tú y tu familia) en las vacaciones de verano? En las vacaciones de verano, pensamos . . .

45 Tener (to have), Venir (to come, arrive)
Hybrid verbs Tener (to have), Venir (to come, arrive)

46 TWO HYBRID VERBS (E-IE) (I-GO)
TENER (TO HAVE) (e-ie) tengo tenemos tienes tenéis tiene tienen VENIR (TO COME) (e-ie) vengo venimos vienes venís viene vienen

47 Irregular Verbs – STEM CHANGING VERBS VERBOS CON CAMBIOS DE RADICAL (Yo –go) and (e-i)
ie venir – to come, arrive vengo venimos Yo - I Nosotros - we vienes venís Vosotros – you all Tú - you Usted – you Él – he Ella - she Ustedes – you Ellos – they Ellas - they viene vienen

48 Irregular Verbs – STEM CHANGING VERBS VERBOS CON CAMBIOS DE RADICAL (Yo –go) + (e-ie)
Tener (to have) Yo - I tengo tenemos Nosotros - we tienes tenéis Vosotros – you all Tú - you Usted – you Él – he Ella - she Ustedes – you Ellos – they Ellas - they tiene tienen

49 Tener TO HAVE / TO HOLD

50 Expresiones Idiomáticas Idiomatic Expressions
Estados Físicos Physical Statements Estados Mentales Mental Statements Expresiones Idiomáticas Idiomatic Expressions Tener frío, calor To be hot, cold Tener la culpa de .. To be guilty Tener cuidado de .. To be cautious.. Tener éxito, suerte To be successful, To be lucky Tener cansancio To be tired Tener miedo (de) To be afraid (of) Tener la razón To be right Tener hambre To be hungry Tener celos, envidia To be jealous, envy Tener en cuenta To take into account or in consideration Tener sed To be thirsty Tener prisa To be in a hurry Tener ganas de To feel like Tener tos, fiebre, dolor de cabeza To have a cough, to have fever, to have a headache or to be hurting Tener vergüenza To be ashamed Tener ___ años to be ____ years old Tener sueño To be sleepy Tener confianza, lástima To have confidence To feel compassion Tener que + infinitive To have to + infinitive Tener presente que Remember that.. Tener mala cara To be bad mood Tener pensado + infinitive To have thought + infinitive Tener dinero, To be rich

51 tengo tienes tiene tenemos tenéis tienen
Tener Tener tengo tienes tiene tenemos tenéis tienen

52

53 Click here Vocabulary

54 QUIZ USES OF TENER EXERCISES Click Here Vocabulary
Click Here Ejercicios

55 What's the difference between an auxiliary verb and a main verb?
An auxiliary verb (also known as a helping verb) is a verb (such as tener, estar) come before the main verb in a sentence. Together the auxiliary verb and the main verb form a verb phrase.

56 Haber (auxililary – tool verb)
To have (auxiliary verb)

57 Conjugation “haber” auxiliary or tool verb

58 Verbs with irregular “yo” forms
Some verbs in Spanish are irregular in the first person singular of the present tense. These verbs are called Grupo “yo”

59 Verbos irregulares en español – I group (yo - verbs)
conocer dar Conocer (to know, be acquainted/familiar with) (conozco) Dar (to give) (doy) Saber (to know) (se) conozco conocemos doy damos conoces conocéis da dáis conoce conocen das dan

60 Yo Verbs: hacer caer hago hacemos haces hacéis hace hacen caigo caemos
Hacer – to do, to make Decir – to tell Poner - to put Salir – to go out, to leave Valer – to be worth, cost, get, earn Venir – to come, to arrive Caer - to fall Oír –to hear Traer - to bring hago hacemos haces hacéis hace hacen caer caigo caemos caes caéis cae caen

61 Hacer To do / to make

62 Idioms (idiomatic expressions) with “hacer”
Idioms or idiomatic expressions in Spanish (click here) Expresiones idiomaticas (click here) 14 Expresiones coloquiales (click here)

63 hago haces hace hacemos hacéis hacen
Hacer (to do / to make) Hacer hago haces hace hacemos hacéis hacen

64

65

66 WHAT IT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN VERBS WITH “YO” FORMS AND VERBS WITH IRREGULAR PRESENT-TENSE FORMS?

67 Verbs with irregular “present tense” forms
This type of verbs are irregular in the whole structure of the verb

68 IRREGULAR PRESENT TENSE FORMS
Decir – To tell Estar – To be Ir – to go

69 Why the Verbs Ser, Estar and Ir, are the Three “Enemigos” for those that are learning the Spanish language? Ser, estar, ir ( Click Here )

70 Video Rap – Music (click here)
Ser, estar & ir Video Rap – Music (click here)

71 Irregular Stem Changing I - Group
Querer (to want) (e-ie) Hacer (to do) Ser (to be) Entender (to understand) (e-ie) Haber (to have) Estar (to be) Poder (to be able to) (o-ue) Ir (to go) Tener (to have) (e-ie) Pedir (to ask for) (e-i) Decir (to tell)

72

73 Ir (to go)

74 The student is good-looking.
Chuy is good-looking today. The Professor Walls is old. That old she is today!

75 IR + A TO GO TO

76 Ir + a ( to go to) near future (proximamente)
When to use “near future” in the Spanish language? Near Future means: A short time from now = próximamente Video (click here) Practice Test - Quizlet (click here)

77 IR + A ( TO GO + TO)

78 What does it mean Spelling- changing verbs?

79 Verbos irregulares con terminaciones -er
hacer – to do (irregular) querer – to want (e-ie) tener – to have (e-ie) poder – be able to (o-ue) ver – to see (I group) entender – to understand (e-ie) saber – to know (I group) mover – to move (o-ue) traer – to bring (I group) poner – to put (I group) oler – to smell (o – ue) perder – to loose (e-ie) ser /estar – to be

80 Verbos irregulares con terminaciones -er
Hacer hago haces hace hacemos hacéis hacen Traer traigo traes trae traemos traéis traen Tener tengo tienes tiene tenemos tenéis tienen Poner pongo pones pone ponemos ponéis ponen Saber sé sabes sabe sabemos sabéis saben Ver veo ves ve vemos véis ven I Group Verbs Querer quiero quieres quiere queremosqueréis quieren Entender entiendo entiendes entiende entendemos entendéis entienden Mover muevo mueves mueve movemos movéis mueven Poder puedo puedes puede podemos podéis pueden Oler huelo hueles huele olemos oléis huelen Perder pierdo pierdes pierde perdemos perdéis pierden Stem Changing Verbs

81 Verbos irregulares con terminaciones -Ir
oir– to listen (I group) salir – to exit (I group) sonreír – to smile venir – to come adquirir – to acquire dormir – to sleep ir – to go decir– to tell elegir – to choice pedir – to ask seguir – to follow sentir – to feel Ver este video

82 Verbos irregulares con terminaciones -Ir
oír oigo oyes oye oímos oís oyen salir salgo sales sale salimos salís salen sonreír sonrío sonríes sonríe sonreímos sonreís sonríen venir vengo vienes viene venimos venís vienen adquirir adquiero adquieres adquiere adquirimos adquirís adquieren dormir duermo duermes duerme dormimos dormís duermen ir voy vas va vamos vais van decir digo dices dice decimos decís dicen elegir elijo eliges elige elegimos elegís eligen pedir pido pides pide pedimos pedís piden seguir sigo sigues sigue seguimos seguís siguen sentir siento sientes siente sentimos sentís sienten

83 Identify : Regular or Irregular Verb
TO MISTAKE TO FORGIVE TO LOOSE TO WIN TO LOVE TO THANK TO DREAM TO LAUGH TO CRY TO FEEL TO LIVE TO LEAVE SALIR

84 Complete with the correct conjugation the following verbs
Exercises Click Here

85 Usos del verbo ser, estar , tener y números
Video (click here) ¿Quién es usted? ¿Cuál es su nombre? ¿De dónde es usted? ¿De dónde eres? ¿Cuál es su/tú numero de teléfono?

86 SPELLING CHANGING VERBS

87 Song interpretation - questions
Enrique Iglesias Lyrics and song (click here) Questions to respond: What does it mean Viejo in the Latin perspective? Do you think this song is a sentimental or a romantic song? Explain your reasons In your opinion, do you think the singer is talking about his own life? why? Who is Enrique Iglesias and what do you know about him an his life? What part of the lyrics, did you enjoy it most and why?

88 PALABRAS MAS FRECUENTES en el español
HIGH FRQUENCY WORDS

89 PALABRAS FRECUENTES PRACTICA Newspaper - Analysis

90 Stem changing verbs & Reflexive verbs Verbos con cambio de radical
Video Los Verbos Irregulares * Video Verbos Reflexivos (click here)