9.1 Irregular preterites ANTE TODO  You already know that the verbs ir and ser are irregular in the preterite.  You will now learn other verbs whose preterite forms are also irregular. They have irregular stems that must be memorized.  They are sometimes referred to as “combo” verbs because the one set of endings is memorized and apply to –ar/-er/-ir verbs.

9.1 Irregular preterites  They have one set of irregular endings that are the same for –ar, -er, and –ir verbs.  Except for the “yo” form and the Ud./el/ella form, the endings are the same as –er/-ir verbs. -e, -iste, -o, -imos, -isteis, -ieron exception: -eron (with “j” verbs)

9.1 Irregular preterites Preterite of tener, ver and decir tener (u-stem) venir (i-stem) decir (j-stem) SINGULAR FORMS yo tuvevinedije tú tuvistevinistedijiste Ud. / él / ella tuvovinodijo PLURAL FORMS nosotros/as tuvimosvinimosdijimos vosotros/as tuvisteisvinisteisdijisteis Uds./ ellos / ellas tuvieronvinierondijeron

9.1 Irregular preterites  The following verbs observe similar stem-changes to tener, venir, and decir. INFINITIVE U-STEM PRETERITE FORMS poder pud- pude, pudiste, pudo, pudimos, pudisteis, pudieron poner pus- puse, pusiste, puso, pusimos, pusisteis, pusieron saber sup- supe, supiste, supo, supimos, supisteis, supieron estar estuv- estuve, estuviste, estuvo, estuvimos, estuvisteis, estuvieron

9.1 Irregular preterites  The following verbs observe similar stem-changes to tener, venir, and decir. INFINITIVE I-STEM PRETERITE FORMS querer quis- quise, quisiste, quiso, quisimos, quisisteis, quisieron hacerhic- hice, hiciste, hizo, hicimos, hicisteis, hicieron Note: Hizo is a spelling change, otherwise it would not sound like the rest of the verb. (Hico)

9.1 Irregular preterites  The following verbs observe similar stem-changes to tener, venir, and decir. INFINITIVE J-STEM PRETERITE FORMS traer traj- traje, trajiste, trajo, trajimos, trajisteis, trajeron conducir conduj- conduje, condujiste, condujo, condujimos, condujisteis, condujeron traducir traduj- traduje, tradujiste, tradujo, tradujimos, tradujisteis, tradujeron

9.1 Irregular preterites ¡ATENCIÓN!  The endings of these verbs are the regular preterite endings of –er/–ir verbs, except for the yo and Ud. forms.  Note that these two endings are unaccented.

9.1 Irregular preterites ¡ATENCIÓN!  Most verbs that end in –cir are j-stem verbs in the preterite. For example: producir → produje, produjiste, etc.

9.1 Irregular preterites  Notice that the preterites with j-stems omit the letter i in the ellos, ellas, and ustedes form. Mis amigos trajeron comida a la fiesta. Ellos comieron muchos dulces.

9.1 Irregular preterites SINGULAR FORMS yo di tú diste Ud. / él / ella dio PLURAL FORMS nosotros/as dimos vosotros/as disteis Uds. / ellos / ellas dieron Preterite of dar

9.1 Irregular preterites  The endings for dar are the same as the regular preterite endings for –er and –ir verbs, except that there are no accent marks. (You already know “ver.” Just change the “v” to “d” for the verb “dar.) La camarera me dio el menú. The waitress gave me the menu. Le di a Juan algunos consejos. I gave Juan some advice. Los invitados le dieron un regalo. The guests gave him/her a gift. Nosotros dimos una gran fiesta. We gave a great party.

9.1 Irregular preterites  The preterite of hay (inf. haber) is hubo (there was; there were). It is not used to express existence. It is used to express that something happened/occurred. Hubo un accidente. There was an accident.

9.1 Irregular preterites ¡INTÉNTALO! Escribe en cada espacio en blanco la forma correcta del pretérito del verbo que está entre paréntesis. 1. (querer) tú ____13. (venir) yo ____ 2. (decir) usted ____ 14. (poder) tú ____ 3. (hacer) nosotras ____ 15. (querer) ustedes ____ 4. (traer) yo ____ 16. (estar) nosotras ____ 5. (conducir) ellas ____ 17. (decir) tú ____ 6. (estar) ella ____ 18. (saber) ellos ____ 7. (tener) tú ____ 19. (hacer) él ____ 8. (dar) ella y yo ____20. (poner) yo ____ 9. (traducir) yo ____ 21. (traer) nosotras ____ 10. (haber) ayer ____22. (tener) yo ____ 11. (saber) usted ____ 23. (dar) tú ____ 12. (poner) ellos ____ 24. (poder) ustedes ____