El Pretérito los apuntes de clase In In Spanish, there are two past tenses – the PRETERITE PRETERITE and the IMPERFECT. The The PRETERITE PRETERITE tense.

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Transcripción de la presentación:

El Pretérito los apuntes de clase

In In Spanish, there are two past tenses – the PRETERITE PRETERITE and the IMPERFECT. The The PRETERITE PRETERITE tense is used to show completed past action. The The IMPERFECT IMPERFECT tense is used to show habitual or descriptive past action.

I.AR VERBS A. The endings for REGULAR –AR verbs are: nosotros (as) amos yo é ellos, ellas, Uds. aron él, ella, Ud. ó vosotros (as) asteis tú aste

Conjugate the verb BAILAR in the preterite tense ellos, ellas, Uds. bailaron él, ella, Ud. bailó vosotros (as) bailasteis bailasteistú bailaste bailaste nosotros (as) bailamos bailamosyo bailé bailé

Translations of the preterite tense Bailé con María anoche. Bailé con María anoche.  I danced with Maria last night. OR  I did dance with Maria last night.

B. Spelling changes in –AR verbs Certain –AR verbs will have a SPELLING change Certain –AR verbs will have a SPELLING change in the YO form ONLY. in the YO form ONLY. The rest of the conjugation follows the pattern for the preterite tense. The rest of the conjugation follows the pattern for the preterite tense. The following -AR verbs will change in YO. The following -AR verbs will change in YO.  -CAR (buscar, sacar,….)  -GAR (llegar, jugar,…)  -ZAR (empezar, almorzar, …)

- CAR verbs change to –qué. Conjugate the verb BUSCAR. ellos, ellas, Uds. buscaron él, ella, Ud. buscó vosotros (as) buscasteis tú buscaste nosotros (as) buscamos yo busqué

-GAR verbs change to –gué. Conjugate the verb JUGAR. ellos,ellas,Uds. jugaron él,ella,Ud. jugó vosotros (as) jugasteis tú jugaste nosotros (as) jugamos yo jugué

ZAR verbs change to –cé. Conjugate the verb EMPEZAR. ellos, ellas, Uds. empezaron él, ella, Ud. empezó vosotros (as) empezasteis tú empezaste nosotros (as) empezamos yo empecé

C. Stem changes in –AR verbs There are NO stem changes for –AR verbs in the preterite tense. There are NO stem changes for –AR verbs in the preterite tense.

II. -ER & -IR VERBS A. The endings for REGULAR –ER & -IR verbs are: nosotros (as) imos yo í ellos, ellas, Uds. ieron él, ella, Ud. ió vosotros (as) isteis tú iste

Conjugate the verb COMER. ellos,ellas,Uds. comieron él,ella,Ud. comió vosotros (as) comisteis tú comiste nosotros (as) comimos yo comí

Conjugate the verb SALIR. ellos,ellas,Uds. salieron él,ella,Ud. salió vosotros (as) salisteis tú saliste nosotros (as) salimos yo salí

B. Spelling changes in –ER & - IR verbs Certain –ER & -IR verbs will have a SPELLING change Certain –ER & -IR verbs will have a SPELLING change in the 3 rd person singular & plural forms ONLY. in the 3 rd person singular & plural forms ONLY. The spelling change is I to Y (generally when the I is between two vowels) The rest of the conjugation follows the pattern for the preterite tense. The rest of the conjugation follows the pattern for the preterite tense. The following -ER & -IR verbs will change: The following -ER & -IR verbs will change: leer, creer, caer, oír. leer, creer, caer, oír.

Conjugate the verb LEER. ellos,ellas,Uds. leyeron él,ella,Ud. leyó vosotros (as) leísteis tú leíste nosotros (as) leímos yo leí

Conjugate the verb oír. ellos,ellas,Uds. oyeron él,ella,Ud. oyó vosotros (as) oísteis tú oíste nosotros (as) oímos yo oí

Note the additional accent marks placed on the tú, nosotros, and vosotros forms over the vowel I. The accent mark is needed in order to divide the diphthong.

C. Stem changes in –ER & -IR verbs There are NO stem changes in –ER verbs but, certain -IR verbs DO have stem changes if the verb stem changes in the present indicative. The stem change ONLY occurs in the 3 rd person singular and plural forms. The stem changes are: E to I O to U

Conjugate the verb PEDIR. ellos,ellas,Uds. pidieron él,ella,Ud. pidió vosotros (as) pedisteis tú pediste nosotros (as) pedimos yo pedí

Conjugate the verb DORMIR. ellos,ellas,Uds. durmieron él,ella,Ud. durmió vosotros (as) dormisteis tú dormiste nosotros (as) dormimos yo dormí

The requirements to have a stem change in the preterite tense are: The requirements to have a stem change in the preterite tense are: 1. Must be an –IR infinitive. 1. Must be an –IR infinitive. 2. Must have a stem change in the present indicative. 2. Must have a stem change in the present indicative.