¡Bienvenidos a la clase de I y II Corintios!

Oración

Extracto

Receso

¿Cuál es la mejor congregación del NT?

¿Cuál es la peor. Quizás es esta, pero es iglesia de Dios ¿Cuál es la peor? Quizás es esta, pero es iglesia de Dios. El hecho de tener problemas serios no significa que no es iglesia de Dios. ¿Qué nos dice eso acerca de algunas congregaciones que decimos que no son congregaciones?

La importancia de restaurar la iglesia del NT ¿Cuál restauramos? ¿Una congregación en particular? De Corinto--¡no creo!

¿Que tal si hablamos de establecer una congregación bíblica?

Vamos a hablar de una congregación de la biblia: Su vida congregacional Sus debilidades y frustraciones Sus éxitos y dones Sus desafíos y logros Una congregación…como la tuya y la mía

Contexto geográfico, histórico, y cultural

Corinth view of excavations, harbor and bay Corinto desde el espacio, isthmus

Corinth view of excavations, harbor and bay Corinto, mapa de los alemanes

Corinth gulf from north Acrocorinth To add to the strategic advantage of the city’s location, the spectacular fortress of Acrocorinth overlooked the city from nearly 2000 ft. (600 m) above sea level, and was said to be impenetrable. Corinth gulf from north

Diolkos south of canal Diolkos south of canal Corinth Diolkos Because of the distance around the Peloponnesus and rough seas at the southern tip, the ancients used a slipway called the Diolkos to drag light ships across from one gulf to the other. They would remove the cargo from the ship, drag the ship and cart the goods across the Isthmus, and reload the ship with the cargo on the other side. The cargo of larger ships was transferred to ships waiting on the other side. Part of this road, built in 600 B.C., is still visible on the western side of the isthmus, excavated by the Greek Archaeological Society from 1956 to 1962. Diolkos south of canal

Diolkos south of canal Diolkos south of canal

Diolkos south of canal Diolkos south of canal

Diolkos falling into canal

Corinth Canal from east with ship Canal de Corinto con barco 4 millas de largo, 25 metros de ancho, 8 metros de profundidad

Corinth Canal from east with ship

Corinth area from north Acrocorinth Corinth area from north

Corinth Lechaion harbor with Acrocorinth The Lechaion Harbor Lechaion was the northern ancient port of Corinth, situated on the Corinth gulf. It connected Corinth with the western world, especially Italy. In the 5th century B.C., Lechaion housed the Corinthian fleet and was later used by the Macedonians and the Romans for military purposes. Because of its importance, the port grew into a city of its own, housing various temples and remaining occupied for many centuries. The city of Corinth was connected to its port via the Lechaion road. Corinth Lechaion harbor with Acrocorinth

Corinth theater and Acrocorinth The Theater The Corinth theater was built in the 5th or 4th century B.C. and renovated in the 1st century A.D. and again under Hadrian. This theater was transformed into an arena during the 3rd century A.D. with the removal of the first ten rows of seats. Frescoes of wild-beast hunts and gladiatorial contests were added and it was used for wild-beast shows. By the end of the 3rd century, it had become a site for mock sea battles, filled with water. Corinth theater and Acrocorinth

Corinth Temple of Apollo and Acrocorinth

Corinto

Corinth plain and excavations from Acrocorinth Corinth excavations Corinth plain and excavations from Acrocorinth

Corinth view of excavations, harbor and bay Corinth excavations Corinth view of excavations, harbor and bay

Corinth excavations from Acrocorinth Historical Background Early occupation (at least since the 10th century B.C.) has been found on the site of Corinth. The site was continuously settled throughout history, with the longest break in civilization of this early city during Early Helladic II. The Dorians founded the Classical city, which was one of the major commercial centers of the ancient world beginning in the 8th century B.C. Its glory spanned both the Greek and Roman empires, for it was perfectly situated at the narrowest part of the Isthmus, a level piece of limestone four miles wide connecting mainland Greece with the southern peninsula (Peloponnesus). Corinth had a port on either side of the Isthmus—Lechaion on the Corinth gulf and Cenchrea on the Saronic gulf—and thus held control of the crossroads between the land and seas. Corinth served as headquarters for the Greeks during the Persian War. It remained a prominent city but still inferior to Athens. Kypselos and Periander ruled Corinth in the 7th and early 6th centuries, and the Macedonians held power in the 4th and 3rd centuries B.C. Corinth was a member of the Achaean League for a while but still faced great defeat in battles raging from the 4th through 2nd centuries B.C. The city came to an end in 146 B.C. when Corinth was defeated by Rome. Julius Caesar founded a Roman colony here in 44 B.C. Most of its citizens were former slaves from Rome, but some businessmen also came. The city grew to economic and cultural prosperity as the capital city of the Roman province of Achaia (2nd century A.D.). It held its own during the attacks of the Herulians in the 3rd century A.D., but Alaric took Corinth in 396 A.D. Earthquakes finally brought it down in 522 and 551 A.D., beginning a steady decline. Until the 7th century, it held the seat of the governor, and the 11th century A.D. even saw a hint of revival. However, the Normans took the city in 1147 A.D., and it continued to pass from hand to hand until Greece gained control of Corinth in the 18th century. Corinth excavations from Acrocorinth

Corinth excavations from Acrocorinth Biblical Significance Acts 18:1 (KJV) “After these things Paul departed from Athens, and came to Corinth.” He stayed in Corinth for at least a year and a half during his second missionary journey (ca. 51 A.D.; Acts 18). He lived with Priscilla and Aquilla, who were tentmakers like himself (Acts 18:2-3). They are frequently referenced in his writings. Paul taught in the synagogue every Sabbath. Eventually the Jews opposed him, and he turned to preaching to the Gentiles at the home of Titius Justus, a man who lived next to the synagogue (Acts 18:4-7). Timothy and Silas arrived from Macedonia to join Paul. It was probably the news that Timothy brought from Thessalonica that prompted Paul to write the first epistle to the Thessalonians. He likely wrote the second epistle soon after. A number of the Corinthians believed in Jesus as a result of Paul’s preaching: Acts 18:8 (KJV) “And Crispus, the chief ruler of the synagogue, believed on the Lord with all his house; and many of the Corinthians hearing believed, and were baptized.” 1 Corinthians 1:14-16 (KJV) “I thank God that I baptized none of you, but Crispus and Gaius; Lest any should say that I had baptized in mine own name. And I baptized also the household of Stephanas: besides, I know not whether I baptized any other.” Acts 18:9-10 (KJV) “Then spake the Lord to Paul in the night by a vision, Be not afraid, but speak, and hold not thy peace: For I am with thee, and no man shall set on thee to hurt thee: for I have much people in this city.” Thus this city was Paul’s focus for his second missionary journey. Later in his stay, the Jews falsely accused him before the proconsul of Achaia, Gallio (spring 53 A.D.). But Gallio knew that it was only a Jewish quarrel, and he refused to judge Paul (Acts 18:12-17). Acts 18:18 (KJV) “And Paul after this tarried there yet a good while, and then took his leave of the brethren, and sailed thence into Syria, and with him Priscilla and Aquila states that Paul stayed longer after the accusation, and then sailed for Syria.” Corinth excavations from Acrocorinth

Corinth excavations from northwest Biblical Significance (cont.) Paul wrote two epistles to the Corinthians. The first he wrote from Ephesus in the spring of 57 A.D. (1 Corinthians 16:5-9) and the second from Macedonia in the fall of 57 A.D. Titus and two others carried the second letter to Corinth in preparation for the collection for the Jerusalem church. In his absence many other teachers had visited Corinth and caused division among the Corinthians. Acts 20:1-3 (KJV) “And after the uproar was ceased, Paul called unto him the disciples, and embraced them, and departed for to go into Macedonia. And when he had gone over those parts, and had given them much exhortation, he came into Greece, And there abode three months. And when the Jews laid wait for him, as he was about to sail into Syria, he purposed to return through Macedonia.” This three-month stop during Paul’s third missionary journey was in Corinth. At this time he wrote Romans (spring of 58). Corinth excavations from northwest

Corinth west shops Corinth west shops

Corinth north stoa from west The northern agora may date to the 1st century A.D. It had 40 units which served as shops or commercial offices. Corinth north stoa from west

Corinth Temple of Apollo from west

Corinth Temple of Apollo

Acrocorinth Temple of Aphrodite The Aphrodite Temple The Aphrodite temple, of which only a few stones remain today, once sat atop the Acrocorinth. Aphrodite was the Greek goddess of love and beauty. Strabo mentioned this Classical temple in his writings (8.6.21): “The sanctuary of Aphrodite was so wealthy that it possessed as temple-slaves more than a thousand prostitutes who were dedicated to the goddess both by men and by women. And so, by reason of them, the city was thronged and enriched; for the sailors spent their money easily, and on that account the proverb says: ‘Not for every man is the voyage to Corinth.’” Acrocorinth Temple of Aphrodite

Corinth bema and Acrocorinth

Corinth bema Corinth bema The Roman tribunal where Paul was dragged before Gallio has been uncovered in the center of the agora. This was the bema, where Roman officials would appear before the public. An inscription mentioning riots in Achaia and Gallio’s name, from which we are able to date Gallio’s proconsulship to between 51 and 52 A.D., was found in Delphi. A church was built atop the bema in Christian times. Corinth bema

Corinth Erastus inscription context Near the agora, an inscription was found that mentions a man named Erastus, who laid the pavement at his own expense. This inscription almost certainly refers to the Erastus who Paul described as the treasurer of the city in the epistle to the Romans. Corinth Erastus inscription context—Rom. 16:23

Corinth Erastus inscription Romans 16:23 (KJV) “Gaius mine host, and of the whole church, saluteth you. Erastus the chamberlain of the city saluteth you, and Quartus a brother.” Corinth Erastus inscription

I Corintios quizás es la segunda carta, porque parece que ya les escribió antes (I Cor. 5:9) 2 Corintios quizás es la cuarta, si entendemos 2:3 a referirse a una tercera carta, o tal vez es la segunda.

I Corintios (¿La segunda [5:9]?) Fecha: D.C. 54-55 Audiencia: La iglesia de Corinto Contexto: Una ciudad entregada a idolatría y pecado. Tenía su propio verbo, corinthiadzesthai, que era “vivir como un corintio.” Lugar de escribir: Efeso (16:8)

Temas de I Corintios Unidad El verdadero evangelio de Cristo solo La pureza cristiana La adoración y el culto Los dones La resurrección

2 Corintios (¿La cuarta?) Fecha: D.C. 56 Audiencia: La misma iglesia de Corinto Lugar de escribir: Macedonia (Filipo, Tesalónica, o Berea)

Temas de 2 Corintios El sufrimiento, la debilidad, y la consolación El verdadero apostolado El verdadero evangelio versus el falso La transformación completa del cristiano La generosidad

Chiste del papa y Shlomo Hechos 18 v. 2 Los judios sacados de Roma Chiste del papa y Shlomo Debate para ver si los judíos tendrían que irse de Roma. Tres rondas, con el papa como juez, pero sin palabras. 3 dedos del Papa, y 1 de Shlomo Un dedo haciendo el círculo por la cabeza, y un dedo de Shlomo apuntando al suelo. Pan y vino, y una manzana

v. 5 suneicheto totalmente entregada a predicar v. 6 katharos Limpio, puro. v. 6 ahora voy a los gentiles, como cap. 13. v. 9 Por qué ahora dijo esto a Pablo, cuando estaba entregado y tuvo mucho éxito. Altibajos normales. v. 10 Suena como Elias en I Reyes 18:14-18 v. 12 La inscripción de Galión, afirmando que era proconsul de Acaya en 51-52 AD, que confirma la historia y la fecha.

El fin del segundo viaje misionero Cap. 18:18-22

Segundo viaje misionero