DIAGNOSTIC, USE CONSCIOUSNESS AND AVAILABILITY OF TIMBER IN THREE MICROREGIONS OF SOUTHEAST MEXICO PROGRAMA DE ACCIÓN FORESTAL TROPICAL, A.C. Silvia del.

Presentación del tema: "DIAGNOSTIC, USE CONSCIOUSNESS AND AVAILABILITY OF TIMBER IN THREE MICROREGIONS OF SOUTHEAST MEXICO PROGRAMA DE ACCIÓN FORESTAL TROPICAL, A.C. Silvia del."— Transcripción de la presentación:

1 DIAGNOSTIC, USE CONSCIOUSNESS AND AVAILABILITY OF TIMBER IN THREE MICROREGIONS OF SOUTHEAST MEXICO PROGRAMA DE ACCIÓN FORESTAL TROPICAL, A.C. Silvia del Amo Rodríguez, Patricia Yllescas Hernández Carmen Vergara Tenorio, José Refugio Flores, Teresita Arias Chalico

2 BACKGROUND This work is about a process of knowledge and community involvement during a time period of 5 years This work is about a process of knowledge and community involvement during a time period of 5 years The actions were carried out in 3 states of Mexico: Campeche, Chiapas and Veracruz The actions were carried out in 3 states of Mexico: Campeche, Chiapas and Veracruz The project emerged as a part of the following issues: The project emerged as a part of the following issues: –Timber is an important fuel source for rural communities in Mexico –There is a need of systematized information about use, availability and consumption patterns of timber in Mexico –There is a need of thinking about the present and future use of timber in the community setting

3 RESEARCH AND ACTIONS 1. Preliminary diagnostic of use, supply and issues about timber 2. Identification of representative ecosystems regions and localities 3.Community sensibility workshop 4.Quantitative studies about consumption and availability of timber 5. Data return to communities 6. Learned lessons

4 PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION During an evaluation meeting in Catemaco Veracruz (1997), we used collective exercises to identify timber use as a main issue among community members. During an evaluation meeting in Catemaco Veracruz (1997), we used collective exercises to identify timber use as a main issue among community members.

5 IDENTIFICATION OF REPRESENTATIVE ECOSYSTEM REGIONS & LOCALITIES Campeche: - X’pujil - Gral. Manuel Castilla Brito - Unión 20 de Junio “La Mancolona” - Nuevo Campanario Chiapas: - Jerusalén - La Fortuna del Gallo Giro - Las Nubes Veracruz: - Pajapan - Jicacal - San Juan Volador

6 SENSIBILITY WORKSHOP In the workshop we showed how to build rustic stoves to improve timber use. In the workshop we showed how to build rustic stoves to improve timber use. Participants had interest for learning and using new building techniques and local materials. Participants had interest for learning and using new building techniques and local materials. The above actions promoted participation of different communities and a new project of rustic stoves was proposed. The above actions promoted participation of different communities and a new project of rustic stoves was proposed.

7 TIMBER HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION PAJAPAN, VERACRUZ HouseholdInhabitants Daily Average Consumption per Household (kg) Per capita Consumption 1710.751.53 2820.002.50 358.751.75 449.002.25 534.501.50 6511.502.30 7610.501.75 8760.85 966.251.04 Average 5.6 (+/- 0.52) 9.69 (+/-1.51) 1.70(+/-0.18)

8 SENSIBILITY WORKSHOPS Chiapas: timber use consumption was high and there was not a clear idea of the future consequences of timber supply. However, the workshop motivated the reflection on the issue and consideration of preventive measures. Campeche: we detected a general worry about timber supply for drying hot peppers. Household timber use was not considered very important. Veracruz: we identified a significant shortcut of timber supply with an increase of costs and difficulties for access.

9 QUANTITATIVE STUDIES TMBER CONSUMPTION OR DEMAND Activities Household surveys- 60 questions 285 cases Hot pepper farmers surveys-60 questions 18 cases Bakeries surveys-60 questions 35 cases Measurement of household consumption timber 229 samples Specific weight measurement of 26 tree species 225 samples Diameter measurement of 33 tree species 203 samples

10 QUANTITATIVE STUDIES AVAILABILITY OR SUPPLY TIMBER - To determine the availability of timber we designed a simplified tree inventory method. - To sample forest and non forest area, we consulted key informants and designed campesino maps reporting land’s use and tenure types. - To carried out a forest masses inventory, we used stratified sampling. We also measured tree diameters and estimated tree ages to project tree growth and timber supply. - Totally 10,000 trees and 108 parcels were measured, covering an area of 47, 500 m 2 - Totally 10,000 trees and 108 parcels were measured, covering an area of 47, 500 m 2.

11 Landscape Geographical Unit Percentage of families that obtain timber Micro regional consumption m 3 a- 1 Productivity m 3 a- 1 Forest64905,200 Mangrove97302,090 TOTAL OF NON- PERTURBED ECOSYSTEMS 151,2207,290 Secondary vegetation 383,0801,060 Slash burn agricultural parcels 171,3800 Life fences 231,8701,960 Home gardens and roads 75700 TOTAL OF HUMAN PERTURBED ECOSYSTEMS 856,9001,220 TOTAL1008,12019,310 FOREST INVENTORY FOR PAJAPAN, VERACRUZ

12 QUANTITATIVE STUDIES TIMBER AVAILABILITY OR SUPPLY Timber is the primary source of energy for household consumption and the main source of energy for small business, in all the towns of the study Only in X’pujil-Campeche there is a substitution of timber by liquid gas. Timber is the primary source of energy for household consumption and the main source of energy for small business, in all the towns of the study Only in X’pujil-Campeche there is a substitution of timber by liquid gas. Women are at higher health risks because of continuous combustion exposition. Women are at higher health risks because of continuous combustion exposition. The main factor that influences wood accessibility is the land tenure and collective decisions on its use. The main factor that influences wood accessibility is the land tenure and collective decisions on its use. Timber extraction is NOT causing deforestation according to the following: Timber extraction is NOT causing deforestation according to the following: - Wood availability exceeds the current and future demand until 2010. - Forest areas in the study offer a higher amount of wood than the one that is currently extracted. - The current demand can be satisfied using only altered vegetation and secondary forest (acahuales). - The current demand can be satisfied using only altered vegetation and secondary forest (acahuales). - A very small proportion of wood is obtained from grown trees. The case for the dry pepper industry is different. - A very small proportion of wood is obtained from grown trees. The case for the dry pepper industry is different.

13 DATA RETURN TO COMMUNITIES 5 Reflection workshops-151 Participants 5 Reflection workshops-151 Participants Building of 151 improved rustic stoves in 10 communities: 78 in Chiapas, 30 in Veracruz and 43 in Campeche. Building of 151 improved rustic stoves in 10 communities: 78 in Chiapas, 30 in Veracruz and 43 in Campeche. Building of a small-business stove for drying pepper. Building of a small-business stove for drying pepper. Training and consolidation of a women’s group for building improved rustic stoves Training and consolidation of a women’s group for building improved rustic stoves Agreements for creating forest reserves Agreements for creating forest reserves

14 IMPROVED RUSTIC STOVES

15 SMALL BUSSINESS OVEN

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17 DATA RETURN TO COMMUNITIES Actions for a more efficient use of timber in the project, were the result of the studies in the 3 regions, the sensibility workshops, and the collaboration of community members, specially the women which modified their daily journey.

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22 SICOREL

23 SICOREL

24 SICOREL

25 LESSONS LEARNED The main lesson we learned from this project was that there is a need of socializing actions in rural areas, through participation and integration of local knowledge. This type of work implies a joint search among communities, researchers and ngo’s for creative solutions. There is an imminent need for motivate the formation of self-help groups, given the current conditions of the rural Mexican situation.

26 LESSONS LEARNED Diagnostic Diagnostic Finance Finance Demonstration as part of the sensibility and appropriation process Demonstration as part of the sensibility and appropriation process Local promoters as facilitators in the process Local promoters as facilitators in the process Timber availability-preventive actions Timber availability-preventive actions Learning and teaching process Learning and teaching process Women’s participation Women’s participation

27 ACKNOWLEDGMENS FMCN, CECADESU-SEMARNAT, Banco Mundial, Red de Desarrollo Sustentable, SAGARPA. FMCN, CECADESU-SEMARNAT, Banco Mundial, Red de Desarrollo Sustentable, SAGARPA. Enrique Riegelhaupt, José María Ramos Prado, José Andrés Ramos Prado, Diego Reygadas Prado, Silvia Purata Velarde, Juan Manuel Frausto Leyva, Martha Araceli Tovar. Hugo Cessa Bernardi, Juan Guzmán Pérez, Felipe Guzmán, Gilberto MartínezCruz, Nicolas Álvarez Montejo, José Moisés Rodríguez Castellanos, Angélica M. Aguilar Sánchez, Elfego Martínez, Isidro Martínez Lorenzo, Javier Rivera Soria de Campeche, Axel Trolle Tadeo, Antonio Rosas Marcelino, Isidra Pantaleón Martínez, Hipolita Martínez Martínez, Claudia Antonio Martínez, y Ángela Martínez Martinez. Julio Aguilar Méndez, Fabián Balam Dzib, Rufino Castro, José Refugio Cervantes, Javier Molina Cortés, Onésimo Cordero, Vicente García Izquierdo, Beatriz Gordillo, Jaime Gordillo Aguilar, Mauricio Gutierrez Guzmán, Juan Guzmán Pérez, Pedro Gutierrez Molina, Simón Herrnández Martínez, Gonzálo López Pérez, Eleazar Martínez García, Elfego Martínez González, Vinicio Martínez Velázquez, Miguel Meneses Guzmán, Antonio Molina, Cecilia Nájera, Miguel Pérez Arcos, Jeremías Pérez, Carlos Pérez Entzin, Lucía Pérez Entinz, Sebastiana Pérez Entzin, Wlfrano Pérez Rodríguez, y Diego Ramírez y Guzmán. Enrique Riegelhaupt, José María Ramos Prado, José Andrés Ramos Prado, Diego Reygadas Prado, Silvia Purata Velarde, Juan Manuel Frausto Leyva, Martha Araceli Tovar. Hugo Cessa Bernardi, Juan Guzmán Pérez, Felipe Guzmán, Gilberto MartínezCruz, Nicolas Álvarez Montejo, José Moisés Rodríguez Castellanos, Angélica M. Aguilar Sánchez, Elfego Martínez, Isidro Martínez Lorenzo, Javier Rivera Soria de Campeche, Axel Trolle Tadeo, Antonio Rosas Marcelino, Isidra Pantaleón Martínez, Hipolita Martínez Martínez, Claudia Antonio Martínez, y Ángela Martínez Martinez. Julio Aguilar Méndez, Fabián Balam Dzib, Rufino Castro, José Refugio Cervantes, Javier Molina Cortés, Onésimo Cordero, Vicente García Izquierdo, Beatriz Gordillo, Jaime Gordillo Aguilar, Mauricio Gutierrez Guzmán, Juan Guzmán Pérez, Pedro Gutierrez Molina, Simón Herrnández Martínez, Gonzálo López Pérez, Eleazar Martínez García, Elfego Martínez González, Vinicio Martínez Velázquez, Miguel Meneses Guzmán, Antonio Molina, Cecilia Nájera, Miguel Pérez Arcos, Jeremías Pérez, Carlos Pérez Entzin, Lucía Pérez Entinz, Sebastiana Pérez Entzin, Wlfrano Pérez Rodríguez, y Diego Ramírez y Guzmán.

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