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Apuntes 24-25 de abril El pretérito pluscoamperfecto (The past perfect) Antes de cumplir los cinco años, yo ya había viajado a Europa. Before turning five, I had already traveled to Europe. Ellos nunca habían comido calamares antes de ayer. They had never eaten squid before yesterday.
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To form the past perfect (el pretérito pluscoamperfecto), you combine the imperfect tense of the verb HABER with a past participle. HABER (imperfect) (yo) había (nosotros/as) habíamos (tú) habías(vosotros/as) habíais (Ud., él/ella) había(Uds., ellos/as) habían
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The past perfect is often used with the adverb ya (already) to indicate that an action had already occurred before another action. Mi amigo ya había trabajado para Google antes de trabajar para Microsoft. My friend had already worked for Google before working for Microsoft. Cuando tú llegaste, nosotros ya nos habíamos ido. When you arrived, we had already left.
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El pretérito perfecto de subjuntivo (The present perfect subjunctive) Esperamos que te hayas divertido. We hope that you have enjoyed yourself. Es triste que los Marineros hayan perdido tantos partidos. It’s sad that the Mariners have lost so many games.
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The present perfect subjunctive (el presente perfecto de subjuntivo) is formed by combining the present subjunctive of the verb HABER with a past participle. HABER (present subjunctive) (yo) haya(nosotros/as) hayamos (tú) hayas(vosotros/as) hayáis (Ud., él/ella) haya(Uds., ellos/as) hayan
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The same rules govern the use of the present perfect subjunctive as the present subjunctive. Compare the following: Estoy contento que Uds. vengan a la fiesta. I’m happy that you guys are coming to the party. Estoy contento que Uds. hayan venido a la fiesta. I’m happy that you guys have come to the party. No creo que hagas gimnasia. I don’t believe that you work out. No creo que hayas hecho gimnasia. I don’t believe that you’ve worked out.
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