Dinámica ¿Cuales su nombre? ¿Cuales es la plaga que le molesta más?

Presentación del tema: "Dinámica ¿Cuales su nombre? ¿Cuales es la plaga que le molesta más?"— Transcripción de la presentación:

1 Manejo integrado de plagas para los programas de cuidado y educación temprana de niños

2 Dinámica ¿Cuales su nombre? ¿Cuales es la plaga que le molesta más?
¿Qué le gustaría aprender hoy día?

3 Manejo integrado de plagas para los programas de cuidado y educación temprana de niños
UC Berkeley Center for Environmental Research and Children’s Health This Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Toolkit was funded by the California Department of Pesticide Regulation (DPR) and developed by the University of California (UC), San Francisco School of Nursing’s California Childcare Health Program, in collaboration with the UC Berkeley Center for Environmental Research and Children’s Health, the UC Statewide IPM Program, and DPR. The contents of this document do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of DPR, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. Este proyecto fue realizado gracias a los fondos provenientes de forma total o parcial, de una subvención otorgada por el Departamento de Reglamentación de Pesticidas de California (DPR). El contenido de este documento no refleja necesariamente las opiniones o normas de DPR. La mención de nombres comerciales o marcas de productos no constituye un aval o recomendación para el uso de los mismos.

4 ¿por quÉ estamos hoy aquí?
Objetivo: Proteger la salud de los niños, personal y del medio ambiente. Gol!

5 Al final de hoy usted podrá:
Identificar los requerimientos para los centros del cuidado de niños, como esta especificado en la Ley de Escuelas Saludables de California Definir que es una plaga, que es un pesticida, y que es el manejo integrado de plagas Explicar por qué los niños son vulnerables a los riesgos de salud de los pesticidas Describir los efectos en la salud de los niños y el personal expuesto a pesticidas y plagas comunes What are the five things we hope you’ll take away from this presentation? There’s a strong relationship between pest, pesticides, children, and health and integrated pest management methods are designed with this in mind. This presentation will teach you how you control pests both inside and outside of your center. It will also teach you what IPM is and isn’t, and how you can implement an IPM program in your center. In addition to this information being about best practices, it’s also about the law. Today we’ll learn more about the Healthy Schools Act and what your responsibilities are in order to be compliant with it.

6 Al final de hoy usted podrá:
5. Desarrollar e implementar medidas y prácticas de IPM en su programa 6. Identificar métodos simples y baratos de IPM para prevenir o controlar plagas comunes 7. Inspeccionar su centro de cuidado de niños por la presencia de plagas; o por las condiciones que pueden atraer plagas usando la lista de IPM 8. Compartir la información y los recursos de IPM con el personal y los padres.

7 resumen Ley de Escuelas Saludables B. Historial
Plagas Pesticidas Los riesgos para la salud de los niños y el medio ambiente por causa de los pesticidas C. Manejo Integrado de Plagas Before we dive into the content, let’s just take a quick look at what we’re going to talk about today. We’ll start with some background information on the Healthy Schools Act. Then we’ll move on to talk about pests, pesticides, and their relationship to children’s and environmental health. Finally, we’ll move from the theoretical to the practical and talk about integrated pest management and what you can do to implement in your facility.

8 Ley de escuelas saludables (HSA)
La Ley de Escuelas Saludables requiere que todos los centros del cuidado de niños: Mantengan registros acerca del uso de pesticidas; Mantengan registros de personas que se tiene que avisar cuando se usan pesticidas Avisen a los padres y al personal antes de usar pesticidas y Coloquen carteles de advertencia en las áreas donde los pesticidas se van, o han sido aplicados/usados Has anyone heard of the Healthy Schools Act? What can you tell me about it? In 2007, California Law AB 2865 extended the Healthy Schools Act to child care centers. Many ECE providers are unaware of their responsibilities under the HSA. The information on this slide is just a brief introduction to the material covered and the regulations of the healthy schools act. You’ll find a Health and Safety Note on the Healthy Schools Act in your packet and it’s your responsibility to read through it and be familiar with the detailed requirements. Who is responsible for helping to implement the Healthy Schools Act? The California Department of Pesticide Regulation (DPR) is responsible for helping schools and child care centers implement IPM practices. You may request information from the California DPR about starting an IPM program in an ECE facility by contacting The California Department of Pesticide Regulation’s Growing Up Green Program. Contact information is available online at 

9 Ley de escuelas saludables (II)
La HSA promueve que los centros: Usen métodos de IPM Usen pesticidas aprobados por HSA Eviten usar pesticidas NO aprobados ¡Mantener a las plagas afuera! Retirar el acceso a comida, agua, y refugio Trampas Tapar aberturas y grietas Materiales aprobados (aceite de menta) Limpiadores/ desinfectantes Beyond notification and record-keeping, the HSA also informs pest-management practices. It encourages the use of IPM methods (which we’ll soon go over) and, when necessary, and warns against using non-exempt pesticides. Sprays Nebulizadores

10 ¿ quÉ es lo que Hsa manda? Dueños de Propiedad
Si el dueño de una propiedad donde hay un centro de cuidado de niños usa pesticidas; éste debe proveer una notificación escrita al centro ECE al menos con 120 horas de anticipación antes de rociar el pesticida. Profesional del Control de Plagas (PMP) Si un centro de cuidado de niños contrata un PMP, el personal debe informar at PMP que el centro debe cumplir con HSA. El PMP debe notificar al centro 120 horas antes de aplicar pesticidas NO aprobados. Si el dueño de una propiedad contrata a un PMP, el dueño debe notificar al PMP que un centro de cuidado de niños se encuentra en la propiedad. The Healthy Schools Act has very specific requirements for property owners and pest management professionals. It’s important to be aware of these so you know what to expect in your child care center. Para una lista completa de sus responsabilidades, fíjese en la Nota de Salud y Seguridad de CCHP en la Ley de Escuelas Saludables.

11 ¿QuÉ es una plaga? Una plaga es cualquier organismo vivo que produce daño o malestar, o transmite o produce enfermedades. Who can tell me what a pest is? Let audience throw out some ideas before you click and show them the definition. Then, before showing the image with all of the pests, ask audience for some examples of pests. A pest can also be something that is simply where it is not wanted, such as clover in a grass play area. Rats, mice, cockroaches, house flies, raccoons, skunks, pigeons, squirrels, ticks, ants, weeds, and bacteria are all examples of different types of pests. Make sure something is really a pest before you remove it. It’s important to remember: something that is a pest in one situation can play an important role in the environment in other settings. For example, Yellowjackets in ECE yards can sting, causing mild to highly allergic and life threatening reactions, but they also eat large numbers of caterpillars, house flies and other pest insects.

12 ¿CuÁles son las plagas mÁs comunes dentro de los centros de cuidado de niños en California?
What indoor pests are you dealing with or have you dealt with? Ask staff about their experiences? People like to share their stories but make sure to cap it at a few comments! Bradman, A. , Dobson, C., Leonard, V. & Messenger, B. (2010). Pest Management and Pesticide Use in California Child Care Centers, Center for Children’ s Environmental Health Research, School of Public Health, UC Berkeley at apps.cdpr.ca.gov/schoolipm/childcare/pest_mgt_childcare.pdf.

13 ¿CuÁles son las PLAGAS mÁs comunes en las afueras de los centros de cuidado de NIÑOS en California?
What outdoor pests are you dealing with or have you dealt with? Ask staff about their experiences? People like to share their stories but make sure to cap it at a few comments! Bradman, A. , Dobson, C., Leonard, V. & Messenger, B. (2010). Pest Management and Pesticide Use in California Child Care Centers, Center for Children’ s Environmental Health Research, School of Public Health, UC Berkeley at apps.cdpr.ca.gov/schoolipm/childcare/pest_mgt_childcare.pdf.

14 ¿QuÉ problemas causan las plagas?
Problemas de salud Esparcen bacterias Dañan los edificios Alergias Provocan asma Las ratas comen alambres Padres y personal se molestan cuando ven plagas So we’ve seen some of the pest problems in childcare facilities, but why do we care? How are pests bad for children? There are three major categories of concern with pests. The first one is health problems. Pests such as cockroaches or mice can spread bacteria. For instance, a roach can walk across the toilet or in the trash on uncooked meat or rotting food and then across plates and tables where we eat. Pests can also cause allergies or asthma. Roaches can trigger asthma because when they shed their skin to grow, they release a “dander” much like a cat. This has been shown to be an asthma trigger. Mice have also been shown to trigger asthma because of their fur and urine smells. Pests can also cause building damage. Rats can through wires, which can be an electrical danger. Mold and termites can damage the structural integrity of a building. Parents and staff are upset when they see pests, and often want to get rid of them as quickly as possible. Termitas y moho destruyen edificios

15 ¿QuÉ son los pesticidas?
Ejemplos: Spray para cucarachas y hormigas Bombas para pulgas Veneno para ratas Herbicidas Naftalina Tiza insecticida We’ve seen that pest problems exist in child care centers. Now let’s take a look at one traditional solution to pests (pesticides) and why this is no longer the recommended method of pest management. Later today, we’ll go through and learn about what is recommended! What are pesticides? Can anyone come up with a definition? Think about why we use pesticides… A pesticide is a poison that is designed to kill or control living things such as weeds, bugs, spiders, or anything that you do not want to live in your child care facility or yard. All pesticides are potentially harmful. This is particularly the case if the label instructions are not followed precisely. Pesticides should be used as a last resort. Pesticide sprays and foggers are especially harmful and should be avoided in child care programs. Can anyone think of some examples of pesticides? Show pesticide examples. Today, we’ll teach you safer, non-toxic alternatives to pest management. Los pesticidas son venenos diseñados para matar o controlar seres vivos.

16 Preocupaciones en el uso de pesticidas
Salud Poblaciones vulnerables Daño ambiental La resistencia de las plagas Inmediatas Síntomas como gripe Sarpullido en la piel Problemas respiratorios Largo Plazo Asma Cáncer Daño al cerebro y sistema nervioso Daño al sistema inmunológico Interrupción del sistema endocrino There are many concerns associated with pesticide-use. In fact, risk from exposure may outweigh the benefit of killing pests. One significant concern is health outcomes. Many studies have shown that exposure to pesticides can cause immediate reactions, and we know that there can also be long-term health problems. Exposure to pesticides over a long time may also cause sickness or affect development. New studies show that children regularly exposed to low levels of pesticides may not be poisoned or get sick right away, but they may suffer from health problems that don’t show up for many years. This image is from a study from Mexico on exposure to pesticides. Children ages 4-5 years old in two different communities were asked to draw a picture of a person. On the left are children’s drawings who lived in the foothills where pesticide were not used and on the right are children’s drawings who lived in the valley where pesticide use was used widely. You can see the difference in the drawings of the kids. E A Guillette, M M Meza, M G Aquilar, A D Soto, and I E Garcia, (1998), An anthropological approach to the evaluation of preschool children exposed to pesticides in Mexico. Environ Health Perspect.,106(6)

17 Preocupaciones en el uso de pesticidas
Salud Poblaciones vulnerables Daño ambiental La resistencia de las plagas • Niños • Mujeres embarazadas • Personas mayores • Personas con problemas respiratorios Though exposure to pesticides can be harmful to anyone, it’s particularly harmful to certain, more sensitive populations. Children are at the top of this list, but pregnant women, the elderly, and anyone with breathing or lung problems are also at a higher risk.

18 Preocupaciones en el uso de pesticidas
Salud Poblaciones vulnerables Daño ambiental La resistencia de las plagas Contaminación del agua y aguas subterráneas Envenenamiento de animales acuáticos In addition to human health, pesticides are also a concern for environmental health. Pesticide use can contaminate ground water and surface water, and poison aquatic animals.

19 Preocupaciones en el uso de pesticidas
Salud Poblaciones vulnerables Daño ambiental La resistencia de las plagas Las plagas pueden ser resistentes There is a risk that pest populations will become resistant to pesticides, which means you’ll need to use stronger pesticides to achieve the same effects. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pest_resistance_labelled_light.svg

20 Lo que sabemos acerca de los efectos a largo plazo de los pesticidas
El uso de pesticidas se hizo popular en los 1940’s. Muchos pesticidas son nuevos, y no han estado en el mercado por mucho tiempo; por ello no sabemos sus efectos a largo plazo. This “toxic iceberg” illustrates what we know about the long term effects of pesticides. Since chemical exposures proliferate much faster than their toxicities can be understood, the true dimensions of the toxic threat will always be underestimated by "currently available knowledge". Also, it’s hard enough to know about the effects of a single pesticide, but it’s even harder to know about the effects of their combination and interactions. Physicians for Social Responsibility, Los Angeles: Physicians for Social Responsibility, Los Angeles (2003) In Harm’s Way at

21 ¿por qué son los niños mÁs vulnerables?
1. Altas exposiciones Contacto frecuente con la tierra o el piso, donde los pesticidas se juntan o combinan Actividades boca a boca Dietas poco variadas Comen, beben, y respiran más por cada Kg. Pasan gran parte de su tiempo en espacios cerrados vs. niño adulto Children have a special vulnerability to pesticides: they breathe the air closer to the ground level where pesticides are applied, are more likely to put their hands in their mouths or rub their eyes without washing their hands, and spend most of their time indoors. They have a less varied diet (as demonstrated by the image at the right), and eat, drink, and breath about two times as much per kilogram as adults. Un niño promedio come 6.9 veces más manzanas diariamente que un adulto.

22 ¿Por qué son los niños mÁs vulnerables?
1. Altas exposiciones Contacto frecuente con la tierra o el piso, donde los pesticidas se juntan o combinan Actividades boca a boca Dietas poco variadas Comen, beben, y respiran mas por cada Kg. Pasan gran parte de su tiempo en espacios cerrados Children have a special vulnerability to pesticides: they breathe the air closer to the ground level where pesticides are applied, are more likely to put their hands in their mouths or rub their eyes without washing their hands, and spend most of their time indoors. They have a less varied diet (as demonstrated by the image at the right), and eat, drink, and breath about two times as much per kilogram as adults. Si un pesticida está presente en el aire, comida o agua; una cantidad mayor será absorbida por un niño que por un adulto; en proporción a la talla y peso del niño.

23 ¿Por qué son los niños mÁs vulnerables?
2. Metabolismo Vías metabólicas no desarrolladas Reacción al medio ambiente todavía no se encuentra presente No reconocen peligros No pueden leer etiquetas Se meten en todo In addition to having a higher exposure, children also have a harder time breaking down toxins. Their bodies — and their defenses against toxins — are still developing. Because they’re young and unable to read labels, or understand warnings, they don’t recognize the hazards of going near areas where pesticides have been applied. In the US, almost 44,000 children under the age of 6 were poisoned by pesticides in 2008. En el 2008, el Centro de Control de Venenos de los Estados Unidos reportó 43,526 casos de posibles envenenamientos en niños menores de 6 años por causa de pesticidas. Bronstein, A. C., Spyker, D. A., Cantilena, L. R., Green, J. L., Rumack, B. H., & Giffin, S. L. (2009) Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers’™ National Poison Data System (NPDS): 26th Annual Report. Clinical Toxicology, 47(10),

24 ¿DÓnde se encuentran los pesticidas?
Campos de Agricultura Esparcimiento de pesticidas Frutas y vegetales Productos domésticos Just to give you an idea of how pervasive and present pesticides are in our daily lives, let’s look at where they can be found. This helps us think about where we need to put our attention and energy to make sure that children have the lowest pesticide-exposure possible. Pesticides can be used outside, such as in gardens. They are also commonly used in and around buildings such as homes and classrooms. Centros de cuidado de niños y escuelas Viviendas públicas Agua contaminada Sanborn et al. Identifying and Managing Adverse Environmental Health Effects: 4 Pesticides. CMAJ May 28, 2002: 166 (11):

25 ¿CuÁles son las vías de exposición en los niños?
Por la comida Por la respiración A través de la piel A través de la placenta (en el útero) We’ve seen where pesticides can be found – let’s take a look at ways that they can get into children’s bodies Most pesticide exposure is through the skin—the largest organ—and children have much more skin surface area for their size than adults. Similarly, their higher respiratory rate means they inhale airborne pesticides at a faster rate. Although pesticides contaminate air, soil, food, water, and surfaces, studies that examine children’s pesticide exposure indicate that the largest number and highest concentrations of chemicals often accumulate in household dust. Because children’s breathing zones are closer to the ground, they incur greater exposure to pesticides in carpets and dust than adults. Some pesticides can linger indoors for months and years.

26 ¿QuÉ tan común es el uso de pesticidas?
Informe del Control de Plagas en Centros de Cuidado de Niños en California Existencia de plagas 90% Usan cualquier pesticida 55% Usan spray o nebulizadores 47% Usan al menos una técnica de IPM 65% Saben de IPM 25% The Department of Pesticide Regulation funded a survey of child care centers in California that will be released shortly. This table outlines what the survey found. Before we show you, does anyone have any guesses about what percent of child care centers in California have pest problems? What about use pesticides? Despite what we know about the consequences of using pesticides, we’re still using them. Notice especially that 55% of centers are using pesticides, and 47% are using sprays or foggers which are the most dangerous, and uncontained form of pesticides. We have a problem: We just learned how harmful pesticides can be, especially to children, and now we see that over half of the child care centers surveyed use them. This leads us to our next slide.. Bradman, A. , Dobson, C., Leonard, V. & Messenger, B. (2010). Pest Management and Pesticide Use in California Child Care Centers, Center for Children’ s Environmental Health Research, School of Public Health, UC Berkeley at apps.cdpr.ca.gov/schoolipm/childcare/pest_mgt_childcare.pdf.

27 ¿Qué es el MANEJO integrado de plagas?
Es un enfoque de sentido común para: Prevenir problemas de plagas 1. manteniendo a las plagas afuera y 2. quitando su comida, agua y albergue. • Controlar el problema de plagas 1. usando técnicas sin químicos; 2. usando pesticidas menos tóxicos cuando sea necesario y 3. reduciendo el uso de pesticidas dañinos/ tóxicos. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is an approach to controlling pests in safer, more effective, and longer-lasting ways. It focuses on using common sense to prevent and manage pest problems. IPM works because combined approaches for pest management are more effective in the end than a single approach, like spraying pesticides.  

28 EDUCACIÓN, COMUNICACIÓN, Y POLÍTICAS
Sprays Nebulizadores Pesticidas Comunes Intervención Toxicidad Pesticidas Menos Tóxicos Gel de Sílice Tierra de Diatomeas Acido Bórico QUÍMICOS Aspirar Tablas pegajosas Trampas con resortes Matamoscas FÍSICO – MECÁNICO Usar tapas a presión en los basureros Mantener contenedores de comida bien cerrados Eliminar desorden y agua empozada Limpiar las migas inmediatamente SALUBRIDAD Masillar grietas y rajaduras Reemplazar mosquiteros rotos Reparar caños que gotean Burletear (aislar) puertas PREVENCIÓN GENERAL Prevención Entrenar padres y personal Adoptar técnicas de IPM Contratar a PMP con experiencia de IPM EDUCACIÓN, COMUNICACIÓN, Y POLÍTICAS

29 Información básica de IPM
Prevención Mantener a las plagas afuera Retirar la comida, agua y el potencial refugio de plagas 2. Inspección y Monitoreo 3. Identificación de Plagas 4. Control y Manejo de problemas existentes Though the pyramid may look complicated, IPM can be boiled down to a few nuts and bolts: Prevention Inspect and Monitor Identify Pests Manage existing pest problems Out of all of the strategies, prevention is the key to IPM. In practice, many of the strategies we describe in these categories are used in more than one category of IPM. For example, keeping ants out of your building is an important prevention strategy, but it is also a strategy used when managing an ant infestation.

30 Prevención: mantenga A LAS plagas afuera
Selle o bloquee los espacios entre las puertas. Instale burletes. Mensaje a recordar: Cierre vías de acceso para que las plagas no ingresen a sus instalaciones. Create physical barriers on the outside of the building so pests cannot enter the facility: Prevention is always the preferred way to manage pests in an IPM program. It is a popular misconception that pest infestations (i.e. cockroaches and rats) are the sole result of uncleanliness. While uncleanliness may exacerbate an infestation, the problem itself is often due to a structural issue (i.e., cracks in the walls, leaky pipes, excessive moisture from to plants situated too close to the structure). Selle aberturas alrededor de caños Parche huecos en las mallas

31 Prevención: RETIRE el agua y comida de Las plagas
Limpie lo que quede de comida antes que las plagas estén atraídas a las sobras Elimine problemas de salubridad y de basura Mensaje a recordar: Las plagas necesitan agua y comida para sobrevivir. Elimina su acceso a éstos; y les estará quitando su alimentación! Elimine agua empozada, lavaderos atorados y caños que goteen Like any living being, pests needs three things to survive: food, water, and shelter. Without food, water or shelter, pests will leave or die. Taking away these things, one-by-one, is the best and safest way to control pests! Guarde comida y materiales de arte en envases sellados

32 Prevención: RETIRE el refugio de las plagas
Reemplace cajas de cartón con contenedores de plástico con tapas Mensaje a recordar: Sin un refugio, las plagas hacen maletas y se van a su nuevo hogar fuera de su centro de cuidado de niños. Cockroaches love cardboard boxes. They lays their eggs in cells and eat the paste. ¡Organice! El desorden les da a las plagas lugares para esconderse y para encubrir su presencia

33 Use la Lista de Control de IPM buscando:
Inspección Use la Lista de Control de IPM buscando: plagas señales de plagas y el daño que ocasionan y condiciones que puedan atraer plagas. Use checklist to focus on problem areas and find any evidence of pest problems. The IPM Checklist is available on the CCHP website under publications/training curriculum.

34 Identificación El siguiente paso es identificar qué clase de plaga tiene. Use las Notas de Salud y Seguridad de CCHP para entender el ciclo de vida de las plagas, su comida y su refugio. El programa IPM a nivel estado es un gran recurso: Norway Rat roof rat house mouse When you practice IPM, you have to identify the pests in your facility and know their characteristics and life cycles. If you don’t know which pests are present, you may use the wrong management approach, choose the wrong pesticide, or treat too often or at the wrong time and do more harm than good. Use H&S Notes to help with identification -Pest prevention begins with correct identification of the pest and knowledge of its needs and entry points. Available food, water, hiding places and entry points must be eliminated for long-term suppression of a pest. Food: What foods do they eat? Water: What are their sources of water? Shelter: How do they get inside? Where do they hide? Do they burrow or find their way into existing cracks and holes? Do they enter a building on cardboard boxes or in food? What damage does a pest cause? Life cycle of pests: How long does it take for a pest to grow to adulthood and reproduce? At what stage of its life cycle does it cause the most problems? How fast do the pests reproduce?

35 MONITOREO Mensaje a recordar: ¡El monitoreo es un proceso continuo!
Inspeccione las instalaciones regularmente por plagas y daños ocasionados por plagas. Identifique fuentes de alimentos, agua y refugio que puedan atraer plagas. Identifique dónde viven y se reproducen las plagas. Determine si – y cuándo – se necesita tratamiento (tomar acción). Determine si los métodos funcionan. Mensaje a recordar: ¡El monitoreo es un proceso continuo! Place traps wisely and have schedule to check and replace them Always look for pests in the buildings and grounds to identify pest problems early and to: determine if and when treatment is needed  determine whether current strategies are working

36 control A menudo puede controlar plagas sin usar químicos. Algunas técnicas recomendadas por IPM son: Aspirar para eliminar plagas Prevención Mensaje a recordar: ¡Mantener las cosas limpias y en buena condición es básico para IPM! Not all pest problems require chemical solutions. For example, vacuum cleaners, sanitation and caulking may be enough. When pests become a problem, you will need to do something to manage or suppress them. The IPM approach encourages use of  materials and practices that maximize safety and reduce pesticide exposure to children and staff. Often you can manage pests with nonchemical steps. If you use pesticides, choose least harmful pesticides such as bait stations or gels. Combine them with preventive practices so pests won’t come back. Lavar las superficies con agua y jabón Colocar trampas

37 control: escogiendo los pesticidas de menor riesgo
IPM in Multifamily Housing Training control: escogiendo los pesticidas de menor riesgo Menor riesgo de exposición Mayor riesgo de exposición Mensaje a recordar: Use pesticidas como la última medida! Si se necesita, escoja los métodos con menos riesgo. Trampas resistentes a aperturas. Gel en grietas. Nebulizadores y sprays que emiten pesticidas Antimicrobianos If non-chemical approaches are not effective by themselves you may need to use pesticides. -Use pesticides that are exempt from the Healthy Schools Act requirements Use pesticides registered for use by the EPA and DPR Use caution when choosing organic, green, or natural products Put in note about foggers and sprays broadcasting pesticides Aprobados No Aprobados

38 Implementando IPM en su centro
1. Escriba una estrategia de IPM. 2. Designe/escoja un coordinador de IPM. 3. Brinde capacitación para el personal y los padres. 4. Obtenga información de algún contratista. 5. Si es necesario, contrate un PMP que tenga experiencia con IPM, y que sepa acerca de los requisitos de HSA. Implementing an IPM program is an on-going process, and requires attention and consistency.

39 Implementando iPM en su centro (II)
6. Si tiene un problema de plagas, inspeccione los edificios y los pisos buscando fuentes de infestación y las condiciones que contribuyen a ésta. 7. Establezca procedimientos de monitoreo de plagas. 8. Identifique las plagas que encuentre y elabore un plan de acción de IPM para cada plaga que encuentre en su medio ambiente. 9. Establezca un registro. 10. Evalúe el programa de manera continua. Implementing an IPM program is an on-going process, and requires attention and consistency.

40 ¿CÓmo contratar un PMP? Identifique un PMP con experiencia en instalaciones de ECE. Llame a varios PMP y pregunte específicamente si saben de HSA y la práctica de IPM. Pregunte qué servicios están incluidos en la práctica de IPM del PMP. Confirme que el PMP entiende qué servicios requieren autorización explícita y expresa del director del ECE. Pregunte si utilizan sprays que se usan adentro, o los que se usan afuera. Pregunte acerca de las calificaciones, entrenamiento, y experiencia de cualquiera que vaya a trabajar en su centro. Pregunte por referencias de otros clientes. Si usted ya tiene un PMP, hable con él para estar seguro que él usa métodos de IPM. Phew! We’ve covered a lot of information today. Though it may seem overwhelming, common sense is the most important part of IPM – you just need to think about removing pests’ food, shelter, and water. Implementing IPM methods is a team effort, but if you feel you need to hire a PMP, here are some things to think about: A PMP can help your ECE program implement an effective integrated pest management (IPM) program. It is important to determine whether the pest management professional (PMP) you hire is knowledgeable about IPM practices. Many PMPs have not had the training or experience required to practice IPM effectively. See H&S Note: How to Hire a PMP for more details and information Identify a PMP with experience in ECE facilities. Ask colleagues for the names of PMPs who practice IPM and have experience in ECE. Some professional organizations certify PMPs who practice IPM: Ecowise, Green Shield Certified, and GreenPro.

41 escenario Usted ingresa a las instalaciones de un centro de cuidado de niños y se da cuenta que hay evidencia de ratones y moho en la cocina. El personal le dice que no se pueden deshacer de ellos y le piden sus recomendaciones. Ellos no quieren rociar pesticidas cerca a los niños. ¿Qué recomendaría? (Pista: Piense acerca del acceso de las plagas, comida, agua y refugio).

42 Información básica de IPM
Prevención Mantener a las plagas afuera Retirar la comida, agua y el potencial refugio de plagas 2. Inspección y Monitoreo 3. Identificación de Plagas 4. Control y Manejo de problemas existentes Just to review, IPM can be boiled down to a few nuts and bolts: Prevention Inspect and Monitor Identify Pests Manage existing pest problems Out of all of the strategies, prevention is the key to IPM. In practice, many of the strategies we describe in these categories are used in more than one category of IPM. For example, keeping ants out of your building is an important prevention strategy, but it is also a strategy used when managing an ant infestation.

43 reconocimientos MANAGEMENT TEAM PARTNERS Vickie Leonard, California Childcare Health Program (CCHP), UCSF Asa Bradman, Center for Environmental Research and Children’s Health, UC Berkeley Mary Louise Flint, UC Statewide Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Program & Department of Entomology, UC Davis Nita Davidson, California Department of Pesticide Regulation (DPR) Mark Robertson, DPR Abbey Alkon, CCHP, UCSF ADDITONAL CONTRIBUTORS Graduate Student Researchers, UC Berkeley School of Public Health: Devina Kuo • Evie Kalmar • Casey Palmer • Anna Schwarzbach Graphic Design: Robin Brandes Illustrations: Noa Kaplan* *some images from

44 reconocimientos (II) Este proyecto fue realizado gracias a los fondos provenientes de una subvención otorgada por el Departamento de Reglamentación de Pesticidas de California (DPR). Las Herramientas de Manejo Integrado de Plagas fueron creadas por: el Programa de Salud para Establecimientos de Cuidado de Niños perteneciente a la Facultad de Enfermería de la Universidad de California (UC) en San Francisco, el Centro para Investigación de Medio Ambiente y Salud Infantil de UC Berkeley, el Programa IPM a nivel estatal de UC y el Departamento de Normas de Pesticidas de California. El contenido de este documento no refleja necesariamente las opiniones o normas de DPR.

45 Fuentes de información
CALIFORNIA CHILDCARE HEALTH PROGRAM California Department of Pesticide Regulation. Pest Prevention: Maintenance Practice and Facility Design Fact Sheets for Families apps.cdpr.ca.gov/schoolipm/managing_pests/71_pest_prevention.cfm Health and Safety Notes California laws and regulations on pesticide use Forms apps.cdpr.ca.gov/schoolipm/school_ipm_law/main.cfm Training Curricula Collaborative on Health and the Environment, EndocrineDisrupting Chemicals AB 405 List of Pesticide Products Prohibited from Use in Schools Ecologo apps.cdpr.ca.gov/schoolipm/school_ipm_law/prohibited_prods.pdf Ecowise California Department of Pesticide Regulation Childcare IPM: Growing Up Green EPA, Design for the Environment

46 Fuentes de información (II)
EPA, Integrated Pest Management for Schools: National Pesticide Information Center A How-to Manual npic.orst.edu National Pest Management Association (NPMA) eXtension: Pest Management In and Around Structures Our Water, Our World Green Seal Pest Control Operators of California Green Shield Certified The Safer Pest Control Project GreenPro University of California Statewide Integrated Pest Management Program IPM Institute of North America, Inc. US Pest Control Regulatory Agencies by State Maryland Department of Agriculture, Action Thresholds in School IPM Programs. Pesticide Regulation Section, Annapolis, MD. schoolipm.ifas.ufl.edu/tp.htm